广东省广州市2025届普通高中毕业班2月调研考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份广东省广州市2025届普通高中毕业班2月调研考试英语试题（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Camel caravans(商队) crssing desert dunes, merchants trading silks and spices at markets—these are the images that cme t mind when we think f the Silk Rad. But the reality ges far beynd this.
Rather than a single trade rute frm East t West, the Silk Rad was made up f verlapping (重叠的) netwrks linking cmmunities acrss Asia, Africa and Eurpe, frm East Asia t Britain, and frm Scandinavia t Madagascar. This majr exhibitin unveils hw the jurneys f peple, bjects and ideas that frmed the Silk Rad shaped cultures and histries.
The Silk Rad was in use fr thusands f years, but this visually stunning shw fcuses n a defining perid in its histry, frm abut AD 500 t 1000. This time witnessed significant leaps in cnnectivity and the rise f universal religins that linked cmmunities acrss cntinents.
Wrking with 29 natinal and internatinal partners t present bjects frm many regins and cultures alngside thse frm the British Museum cllectin, the exhibitin ffers a unique chance t see bjects frm the length and width f the Silk Rad. Frm Tang Chinese ceramics exprted t the Middle East t Indian garnets fund in Sufflk, they reveal the astnishing reach f these netwrks.
Highlight bjects frm Uzbekistan and Tajikistan that have never been seen in the UK befre als emphasize the imprtance f these regins t this cntinent-spanning stry.
Yu’ll meet figures whse stries are interwven(交织) with the Silk Rad, including Willibald, an ingenius spice smuggler frm England, and a legendary Chinese princess wh shared the secrets f silk farming with her new kingdm. Crssing deserts, muntains, rivers and seas, the Silk Rad tell a stry f cnnectin between cultures and cntinents, centuries befre the frmatin f the glbalized wrld we knw tday.
1. Which f the fllwing is the prbable name f this exhibitin?
A. Silk Rad: Beynd Camels and Spices.B. Trade Netwrks: Explre the Silk Rad.
C. Silk Rad: In the Ftsteps f Histry.D. Acrss Cntinents: Travel the Silk Rad.
2. What can we learn abut the bjects presented at this exhibitin?
A. They cver a whle histrical perid.B. They are exhibited n a glbal tur.
C. They feature items frm Central Asia.D. They each narrate a legendary stry.
3. What des this exhibitin mainly intend t shw abut the Silk Rad?
A. The verall descriptin f its frmatin.B. Its cntributin t cnnecting the wrld.
C. The cultural exchange alng its netwrk.D. Its imprtant influence n glbalizatin.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【语篇导读】 本文为一篇新闻报道，介绍了关于丝绸之路的展览内容及意义。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Rather than a single trade rute frm East t West, the Silk Rad was made up f verlapping (重叠的) netwrks linking cmmunities acrss Asia, Africa and Eurpe, frm East Asia t Britain, and frm Scandinavia t Madagascar. This majr exhibitin unveils hw the jurneys f peple, bjects and ideas that frmed the Silk Rad shaped cultures and histries.(丝绸之路不是一条从东方到西方的单一贸易路线，而是由重叠的网络组成，连接着亚洲、非洲和欧洲的社区，从东亚到英国，从斯堪的纳维亚到马达加斯加。这个大型展览揭示了形成丝绸之路的人、物和思想的旅程如何塑造了文化和历史)”可知，这个大型展览揭示了除了丝绸之路贸易之外的相关人、物和思想的旅程如何塑造了文化和历史，因此，A选项“丝绸之路：不仅仅是骆驼和香料”能最好概括展览的主题，适合作为最佳名字。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Frm Tang Chinese ceramics exprted t the Middle East t Indian garnets fund in Sufflk, they reveal the astnishing reach f these netwrks.(从出口到中东的中国唐代陶瓷到在萨福克郡发现的印度石榴石，它们揭示了这些网络的惊人范围)”及第五段“Highlight bjects frm Uzbekistan and Tajikistan that have never been seen in the UK befre als emphasize the imprtance f these regins t this cntinent-spanning stry.(来自乌兹别克斯坦和塔吉克斯坦的突出物品在英国从未见过，也强调了这些地区对这个跨越大陆的故事的重要性)”可知，在展览上展出的展品很多来自中亚地区。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“This majr exhibitin unveils hw the jurneys f peple, bjects and ideas that frmed the Silk Rad shaped cultures and histries.(这个大型展览揭示了形成丝绸之路的人、物和思想的旅程如何塑造了文化和历史)”及最后一段“Crssing deserts, muntains, rivers and seas, the Silk Rad tell a stry f cnnectin between cultures and cntinents, centuries befre the frmatin f the glbalized wrld we knw tday.(丝绸之路穿越沙漠、山脉、河流和海洋，讲述了一个文化与大陆之间联系的故事，比我们今天所知的全球化世界形成还要早几个世纪)”可知，这项关于丝绸之路的展览介绍了其对于连接世界的贡献。故选B。
B
Last December, while leaving the gym, I nticed a messy-haired yung girl wh lked t be in her mid-20s, as ur daughter, Lily, had been. I watched hw she was trying t get a brken treadmill (跑步机) t wrk befre she threw up her hands and made a frustrated but cute face, srt f laughing t herself. Smething Lily wuld have dne.
I used t be the mther f a 25-year-ld. I used t have a yung persn wh lved me, belnged t me, cnnected me t the wrld f yung peple. It’s nt that I dn’t knw ther yung peple, but mine is gne, lst suddenly t shck frm an allergic (过敏) reactin.
Later that day, at hme, I discvered a pht n my phne frm December 26,2022, exactly the day after the last Christmas I spent with Lily, while she was getting ready t head hme. She wasn’t in a rush, and I said, “Wait, let’s get a sht f yu and me.” In that last picture, we were in the kitchen, ur arms arund each ther. My friend pinted ut it’s really a picture f us three, because Eric is behind the camera and ur smiles are fr him. We’ re laughing at smething he said. It was a gd day.
We ften dn’t get t knw when it’s the last time. There must have been a last time I played tennis with my father, a final trip t the mvies with my mther, befre I lst them bth t a car accident. A last dinner with my friend Julie when we thught we had plenty f time, befre her cancer diagnsis changed everything. I wasn’t paying attentin then, and I didn’t think I needed t.
Nw I try t be sberer. I g ut t the beach, where a seagull used t jump in the air t pick a French fry ut f Lily’s hand when he saw her. “Yu saw that seagull, didn’t yu?” I’m talking lud, s she can hear me ver the rar f waves. I tell her I will listen in case she wants t send me a message. I remind myself t pay attentin. A message can be a bird, a breeze r a shell. A message can be anything.
4. What is Lily like in the authr’s impressin?
A. Adrable and angelic. B. Energetic and cnsiderate.
C. Genuine and inncent.D. Optimistic and humrus.
5. What can we infer abut the pht n the authr’s phne?
A. It was nt f much significance then.B. It was finely sht fr a special purpse.
C. It bears her lnging fr her daughter. D. It is a sweet and amusing family pht.
6. Why des the authr g ut t the beach?
A. T recall pleasant memries f the past.B. T make up fr the pities f the past.
C. T ease the pain f lsing her daughter.D. T stay cnnected with her daughter.
7. What des the authr mainly want t tell us thrugh this text?
A. Speak up ur deep lve ludly.B. Live fr the current mment.
C. Cherish thse wh are present.D. Keep n mving with regret.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. D 7. C
【语篇导读】 这是一篇记叙文。作者看到与女儿年龄相仿的女孩，忆起已逝女儿。又想起失去父母和朋友的经历，感慨应珍惜当下，如今常去海滩与女儿“对话”。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“I watched hw she was trying t get a brken treadmill (跑步机) t wrk befre she threw up her hands and made a frustrated but cute face, srt f laughing t herself. Smething Lily wuld have dne. (我看着她如何试图让一台坏了的跑步机工作，然后她举起双手，做了一个沮丧但可爱的脸，有点自嘲。Lily会做的事。)”可知，Lily在面对跑步机坏掉时，做出沮丧又可爱的表情，还自我解嘲地笑，所以在作者印象中Lily是可爱而温柔的。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Later that day, at hme, I discvered a pht n my phne frm December 26,2022, exactly the day after the last Christmas I spent with Lily, while she was getting ready t head hme. She wasn’t in a rush, and I said, “Wait, let’s get a sht f yu and me.” In that last picture, we were in the kitchen, ur arms arund each ther. My friend pinted ut it’s really a picture f us three, because Eric is behind the camera and ur smiles are fr him. We’ re laughing at smething he said. (那天晚些时候，在家里，我在手机上发现了一张2022年12月26日的照片，正是我和Lily度过的最后一个圣诞节的第二天，当时她正准备回家。她并不着急，我说：“等等，让我们拍一张你和我的照片。”在最后一张照片中，我们在厨房里，双臂搂着对方。我的朋友指出，这真的是我们三个人的照片，因为Eric在镜头后面，我们的笑容都是为了他。我们因他说的话而发笑。)”可知，当时照片拍摄时，作者和Lily没有匆忙行事，Eric给作者和女儿愉快而随意地拍照，但当时作者并未意识到这会是和Lily的最后一张照片，所以，当时，它并没有太大意义。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“I g ut t the beach, where a seagull used t jump in the air t pick a French fry ut f Lily’s hand when he saw her. “Yu saw that seagull, didn’t yu?” I’m talking lud, s she can hear me ver the rar f waves. I tell her I will listen in case she wants t send me a message. (我去了海滩，在那里，一只海鸥看到Lily时，会跳到空中，从她手里抓薯条。“你看见那只海鸥了，是吗？”我大声说话，这样她就能在海浪的咆哮声中听到我。我告诉她，如果她想给我发信息，我会听的。)”可知，作者去海滩是希望通过与和女儿有关的场景，与女儿保持某种联系。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“We ften dn’t get t knw when it’s the last time. There must have been a last time I played tennis with my father, a final trip t the mvies with my mther, befre I lst them bth t a car accident. A last dinner with my friend Julie when we thught we had plenty f time, befre her cancer diagnsis changed everything. I wasn’t paying attentin then, and I didn’t think I needed t. (我们常常不知道这是最后一次。那一定是我最后一次和父亲打网球，和母亲最后一次去看电影，然后我就因为车祸失去了他们俩。最后一次和我的朋友Julie共进晚餐时，我们认为我们有足够的时间，在她的癌症诊断改变了一切之前。当时我没有注意，我也不认为我需要注意。)”可知，文章通过讲述作者失去女儿、父母、朋友等经历，意识到常常在不经意间就度过了与亲人朋友的最后时光，从而提醒人们要珍惜当下身边的人。故选C。
C
Frm Pest the penguin t Biscuits the seal — the internet lves t turn adrable baby animals int viral sensatins. But why are we s interested in sharing smething cute with thers n scial media? “We seek ut cuteness because it feels gd!” explains Paul Dale, the authr f Irresistible: Hw Cuteness Wired Our Brains and Cnquered the Wrld. S hw des ur brain define cute and why des it react this way?
The first stp fr anyne interested in the phenmenn f cuteness is Austrian ethlgist Lrenz’s landmark 1943 paper, which describes a cllectin f features that hld the key t cuteness. Lrenz assumed that ur brain’s respnse t cuteness is an evlutinary adaptatin: cuteness triggers (引发) inbrn caregiving, nurturing, and prtective behavirs t enhance the likelihd f species survival. He believed ur respnse t cuteness was irresistible.
But Lrenz’s thery desn’t tell the whle stry. Accrding t Steinnes, a prfessr in behaviral analysis, there’s mre at play here than simply triggering caregiving instincts. “When we see smething cute, it evkes a wide range f pwerful, predminantly (主要地) psitive, emtins. Our brain has a unique, rapid, and specific respnse, with activatin in areas linked t emtin, reward, mtivatin, and pleasure.”
Like Steinnes, Dale agrees that ur respnse ges beynd caregiving, writing in his bk that “the feeling f cuteness encurages affiliatin, which is scial bnding in a brader sense than just nurturing. This is why feeling that smething is cute makes us want t get clser t it, even if we have n particular desire t prtect r nurture it.”
Our interest, f curse, extends beynd scial media. While cntrlled interactins with wildlife can increase ur interest in cnservatin, they may als fuel the desire fr wild animal wnership r cnvey acceptability f animal explitatin. “It’s nt just a selfish pleasure. Feeling the desire t prtect and care fr a cute animal, even if it’s nly an image, encurages empathy and cmpassin,” Dale assures us. “It’s built int us, part f what makes us wh we are. Cuteness makes us human.”
8. Why are penguin Pest and seal Biscuits mentined in paragraph 1?
A. T attract readers’ curisity.B. T display a phenmenn.
C. T intrduce the main tpic.D. T illustrate an assumptin.
9. What can we learn abut Lrenz and his thery?
A. He defined the standard f cuteness.B. His thery is evlutinism-based.
C. He is a pineer in cuteness research.D. His thery is utdated nwadays.
10. What impact des cuteness have n ur brain accrding t Steinnes and Dale?
A. It awakens ur nature f parenting.B. It sharpens areas in charge f emtin.
C. It strengthens ur bnd with sciety.D. It inspires ur intimacy subcnsciusly.
11. What des Dale cnvey abut cuteness in the last sentence f the text?
A. It aruses the psitive side in humanity.B. It distinguishes humans frm animals.
C. It is the cmmn language f mankind.D. It reflects the values f human beings.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A
【语篇导读】 本文为一篇说明文，介绍了人类对于可爱感兴趣这一现象并分析了背后的原因。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Frm Pest the penguin t Biscuits the seal— the internet lves t turn adrable baby animals int viral sensatins. But why are we s interested in sharing smething cute with thers n scial media? (从企鹅佩斯托（Pest）到海豹比斯基茨（Biscuits）——互联网热衷于将那些惹人喜爱的幼小动物打造成网络红人。但我们为何如此热衷于在社交媒体上与他人分享那些可爱的画面呢)”及“S hw des ur brain define cute and why des it react this way? (那么我们的大脑是如何定义可爱的，为什么它会有这样的反应呢)”可知，文章第一段提及企鹅佩斯托（Pest）到海豹比斯基茨（Biscuits）是为了引出文章的主要话题——大脑如何定义可爱。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Lrenz assumed that ur brain’s respnse t cuteness is an evlutinary adaptatin: cuteness triggers in brn caregiving, nurturing, and prtective behavirs t enhance the likelihd f species survival. He believed ur respnse t cuteness was irresistible. (洛伦兹认为，我们的大脑对可爱的反应是一种进化适应：可爱触发了天生的照顾、养育和保护行为，以提高物种生存的可能性。他相信我们对可爱的反应是不可抗拒的)”可知，Lrenz提出的理论以进化论为基础。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Like Steinnes, Dale agrees that ur respnse ges beynd caregiving, writing in his bk that “the feeling f cuteness encurages affiliatin, which is scial bnding in a brader sense than just nurturing. This is why feeling that smething is cute makes us want t get clser t it, even if we have n particular desire t prtect r nurture it.” (和斯坦尼斯一样，戴尔也认为，我们的反应超越了照顾，他在书中写道：“可爱的感觉鼓励了归属感，这是一种更广泛意义上的社会纽带，而不仅仅是养育。这就是为什么当我们觉得某样东西很可爱时，我们会想要靠近它，即使我们没有特别想要保护或培育它。”)”可知，根据Steinnes和Dale的观点，可爱对于我们大脑的影响在潜意识中激发了我们的亲密关系。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““It’ s nt just a selfish pleasure. Feeling the desire t prtect and care fr a cute animal, even if it’s nly an image, encurages empathy and cmpassin,” Dale assures us. “It’s built int us, part f what makes us wh we are. Cuteness makes us human.”(“这不仅仅是一种自私的快乐。感受保护和照顾可爱动物的欲望，即使它只是一个形象，也会激发同理心和同情心，”戴尔向我们保证。“这是我们与生俱来的，是我们成为自己的一部分。可爱使我们成为人类。”)”可知，戴尔认为可爱激发了人性积极的一面。故选A。
D
Parents have always blamed their teens’ misbehavir n their kids’ friends: they may say their kids “fell int bad cmpany” r “gt in with the wrng crwd”. T prevent what they see as negative influences, parents have respnded with strategies ranging frm criticizing the wayward (任性的) cmpanins t frbidding any cntact altgether. In fact, hwever, parents labeling a kid’s friend a bad impact actually makes behavir prblems wrse.
Previus research has prvided a partial explanatin that fits with mst parents’ experience. The mre parents prhibit their children frm assciating with friends wh are in truble, the mre these kids seek ut and stick t their ff-limits friends. Meanwhile, their wn trublemaking, defined as behavirs including fighting and stealing, increases.
Such rebellius behavir prvides nly a piece f the answer. Laursen, with his clleagues, sets ut a brader explanatin in a new study. Researchers tracked almst 600 students aged 9 t 14 at the beginning, middle and end f a schl year. At each pint, the students answered a series f questins including their emtins, their behavir, their relatinship with their mther, and their mther’s attitudes twards the friends they had. Researchers als asked the students t list classmates they liked r disliked — an imprtant dimensin that had nt been cnsidered in prir research.
Then a clear pattern emerged. Whenever a child had behavir prblems — and their mther disapprved f their friends — these peers, in turn, disliked the child and the kid’s behavir gt wrse. Why did mm’s disapprval lead t mre prblems? “It’s because the classmates hate it. Kids hate their parents intervening in peer relatinships.” Laursen says. “Rejected kids tend t hang ut with ther excluded kids wh themselves are likely t have behavir prblems.”
“The idea that parental interference in peer friendships can make a child seem ‘uncl’ t peers and set them ff n a disruptive track is a really new insight.” says develpmental psychlgist Nina Munts. “If parents want t be effective in middle schl, they have t fster a clse, warm relatinship with their kids. In ther wrds, yu have t stay in the game — by trying t cut yur kids ff frm their friends, yu are autmatically remving yurself frm it.”
12. What des the underlined wrd “rebellius” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Criminal.B. Resistant.C. Abnrmal.D. Dangerus.
13. What advantages des Laursen’s explanatin have ver the frmer ne?
A. It challenges parents’ general experience.B. It ntices the change in parents’ attitudes.
C. It takes children’s feedback int accunt.D. It inquires int children’s scial netwrk.
14. What is the direct cause that wrsens children’s behavir prblems?
A. The interventin f their parents.B. The misguide f wayward cmpanins.
C. The islatin f their classmates.D. The pr self-discipline f themselves.
15. What des Nina warn abut parents’ interventin in their child’s friendship?
A. It makes the child feel unfairly treated.B. It impairs the child’s image amng peers.
C. It tears their family relatinship apart.D. It reduces their weight in child’s grwth.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D
【语篇导读】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，表明很多父母在孩子行为出现问题时，会认为孩子交往的伙伴不好，限制孩子的交往，结果孩子行为问题得不到解决，甚至变得更糟，建议家长不要过多干预孩子交友。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据Such rebellius behavir所指代的上文“The mre parents prhibit their children frm assciating with friends wh are in truble, the mre these kids seek ut and stick t their ff-limits friends. Meanwhile, their wn trublemaking, defined as behavirs including fighting and stealing, increases.(父母越是禁止他们的孩子与有麻烦的朋友交往，这些孩子就越会寻找并坚持与那些不受限制的朋友交往。与此同时，他们自己制造麻烦的行为，包括打架和偷窃，也在增加)”可知，这些行为是叛逆行为，对父母的管束表示抗拒。resistant意为“抗拒的”意思相近。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Previus research has prvided a partial explanatin that fits with mst parents’ experience.(之前的研究提供了符合大多数父母的经历的部分解释)”及第四段“Researchers als asked the students t list classmates they liked r disliked— an imprtant dimensin that had nt been cnsidered in prir research.(研究人员还要求学生列出他们喜欢或不喜欢的同学——这是之前研究中没有考虑到的一个重要方面)”可知，以前的研究仅仅调查了孩子及其父母，而劳森的研究还调查了关于孩子的同学，调研内容增加了孩子的社交关系。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Whenever a child had behavir prblems — and their mther disapprved f their friends — these peers, in turn, disliked the child and the kid’s behavir gt wrse.(每当一个孩子有行为问题——而他们的母亲就不喜欢他们的朋友——这些同龄人反过来也不喜欢这个孩子，孩子的行为就会变得更糟)”及“It’s because the classmates hate it. Kids hate their parents intervening in peer relatinships.(那是因为同学们讨厌它。孩子们讨厌父母干预同伴关系)”和“ Rejected kids tend t hang ut with ther excluded kids wh themselves are likely t have behavir prblems.(被拒绝的孩子倾向于和其他被排斥的孩子一起出去玩，而这些孩子自己也可能有行为问题)”可知，一些孩子行为问题恶化的直接原因是其他孩子对他们的孤立。故选C项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“If parents want t be effective in middle schl, they have t fster a clse, warm relatinship with their kids. In ther wrds, yu have t stay in the game— by trying t cut yur kids ff frm their friends, yu are autmatically remving yurself frm it.(如果父母想在中学阶段发挥作用，他们必须与孩子建立亲密、温暖的关系。换句话说，你必须留在游戏中——如果你试图把你的孩子和他们的朋友隔离开来，你就自动把自己从游戏中剔除了)”可知，妮娜建议家长减少自己在孩子成长过程中的比重，不要过多干预孩子。故选D项。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Invisible Habits Are Driving Yur Life
Arund the new year, cuntless peple reslve t refrm their bad habits and intrduce better nes. ___16___. “We like t think that we’re ding things fr a reasn, that everything is driven by a gal,” David Neal, a psychlgist specializing in behavir change, tld me. But gals seem like ur primary mtivatin nly because we’ re mre cnscius f them than f hw strng ur habits are.
Research has suggested that habits are practically autmatic “cntext-respnse assciatins”— after yu repeat an actin enugh times, yu’ll d it mindlessly if yu encunter the cue and the envirnment. “___17___,” David says. “It just indicates that yur cnscius mind desn’t need t participate in the initiatin r executin (执行) f the behavir.”
Our cnscius gals might mtivate us t repeat a particular behavir, and s serve as the spark that gets the habit engine ging. ___18___, because nce they slidify, they can break away frm the gals that inspired them. If ur gals shift, cntext cues will still trigger habitual behavir.
___19___. If yu dn’t like smething the first time yu try it, yu prbably wn’t repeat the experience. But habits can persist even if their utcme stps being pleasing. In David’s study, peple with the habit f eating ppcrn at the mvies ate mre stale (变质的) ppcrn than thse withut the habit. It’s nt s terrible t endure sme stale ppcrn, but cnsider the cnsequences if mre cmplex habitual actins—wrk-life balance, r interpersnal relatinships— hang arund past their expiratin date (过期).
Neutral habits, such as the timing f my yga sessin, can be hardest t assess. But because habits wn’t always have yur latest intentins in mind, it’s wrth keeping an eye n them t make sure they wn’t wrk against yu. ___20___. But knwing hw they wrk— simply becming aware f hw unaware f them we can be— can help get yu t a life with as little stale ppcrn as pssible.
A. Like it r nt, peple are destined t be bundled up with habits.
B. That desn’t mean that peple have n recllectin f what they did.
C. Once an actin becmes a habit, yu can lse sight f what prmpts it.
D. Yet the science f habits reveals that they are nt subject t ur desires.
E. Habits als maintain their independence by nt being as sensitive t rewards.
F. But even habits that are deliberately begun are wrth reevaluating every s ften.
G. Hwever, peple tend t explain their habitual behavir by appealing t their desires.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. E 20. A
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了无形的习惯是如何影响我们的生活的。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Arund the new year, cuntless peple reslve t refrm their bad habits and intrduce better nes. (新年前后，无数人决心改掉坏习惯，养成更好的习惯。)”可知，上文告诉我们人们决心改掉坏习惯，养成更好的习惯，D项意为“然而，习惯科学表明，它们不受我们欲望的支配。”，选项与上文构成转折关系，人们决心改掉坏习惯，养成更好的习惯，但习惯不受我们欲望的支配。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据下文“It just indicates that yur cnscius mind desn’t need t participate in the initiatin r executin (执行) f the behavir. (它只是表明你的意识不需要参与行为的发起或执行。)”可知，下文告诉我们习惯表明你的意识不需要参与行为的发起或执行，B项意为“这并不意味着人们不记得他们做了什么。”，选项能够引起下文，习惯并不意味着人们不记得他们做了什么，只是表明你的意识不需要参与行为的发起或执行。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Our cnscius gals might mtivate us t repeat a particular behavir, and s serve as the spark that gets the habit engine ging. (我们有意识的目标可能会激励我们重复一种特定的行为，从而成为启动习惯引擎的火花。)”可知，上文告诉我们有意识的目标有利于养成习惯，F项意为“但即使是刻意养成的习惯，也值得偶尔重新评估。”，选项与上文构成转折关系，虽然有意识的目标有利于养成习惯，但这种刻意养成的习惯也需要偶尔重新评估。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据下文“If yu dn’t like smething the first time yu try it, yu prbably wn’t repeat the experience. But habits can persist even if their utcme stps being pleasing. (如果你第一次尝试时不喜欢某件事，你可能不会重复这种经历。但即使结果不再令人愉快，习惯也会持续下去。)”可知，下文告诉我们即使你做某事时结果不令人愉快，习惯也会持续下去，习惯是具有独立性的，E项意为“习惯也通过对奖励不那么敏感来保持独立性。”，选项能够引起下文，下文具体解释习惯是如何保持独立性的。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据下文“But knwing hw they wrk— simply becming aware f hw unaware f them we can be— can help get yu t a life with as little stale ppcrn as pssible. (但是，了解它们是如何起作用的——只是意识到我们对它们的无知程度——可以帮助你过上尽可能少吃变质爆米花的生活。)”可知，下文告诉我们应该了解它们是如何起作用的，这对我们的生活有益，A项意为“不管你喜不喜欢，人们注定要和习惯捆绑在一起。”，选项能够引起下文，正因为人们注定要和习惯捆绑在一起，所以我们要了解它们是如何影响我们的。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I was s excited abut the Lndn Olympics and wanted t be a part f it. A year befre the Games, I thught, they’re ging t need lifeguards, and Ggled “Lndn 2012 vlunteers”. I ___21___ there wuld be thusands f applicants fr the Olympic lifeguard rle, s I didn’t expect t hear back. But, a few weeks later, I was invited t a tw-day exam and surprisingly passed.
I’ve heard peple say, “Wh needs lifeguards at the Olympics?” “It’s the ___22___ jb in the wrld.” It’s belittling (轻视). Yu’re nt a ___23___, but yu must be prepared. If yu dn’t knw hw t pull smebdy ut f the water ___24___, yu’ve dne the ___25___ befre they get real treatment.
I dn’t get starstruck, but yu’d be ___26___ when yu’re standing next t smene like Michael Phelps. One day I was waiting t start my ___27___, when he walked passed and gave us all high fives. When yu see athletes win, yu celebrate with them. When they fail, yur heart breaks fr them.
That’s nt t say it’s nt ___28___ when yu’re in the chair. Yu dn’t ___29___ the race because yu’re s fcused n checking each athlete’s ___30___ t see if anything desn’t lk right. Why is his arm ding that? What’s happening with his ft? Is he getting cramp?
Even nw, I’m still ___31___ while lifeguarding. Yu culd have a pl full f the fittest-lking peple, but ne culd have a histry f heart disease. At the Paris Olympics, a Slvakian swimmer ___32___ after her event — she had had an asthma (哮喘) attack. Nt all medical issues are ___33___.
I nw wrk as a lifeguard at a pl near Telfrd. Whenever I watch the Olympics, I always ___34___ the lifeguards. There’s stuff ging n behind the scenes that n ne realize. We ___35___ and keep calm. But if there’s a prblem, we’ll step frward.
21. A. wrriedB. nticedC. checkedD. figured
22. A. humblestB. luckiestC. simplestD. dullest
23. A. cmpetitrB. paramedicC. vlunteerD. superher
24. A. apprpriatelyB. immediatelyC. successfullyD. prficiently
25. A. favurB. respnseC. damageD. survey
26. A. dreamingB. sufferingC. dubtingD. marveling
27. A. shiftB. breakC. trailD. rund
28. A. demandingB. prfessinalC. accuntableD. cmplicated
29. A. appreciateB. understandC. withdrawD. remember
30. A. perfrmanceB. mvementsC. differenceD. cnditins
31. A. seriusB. thrilledC. strainedD. ccupied
32. A. wrn utB. drpped utC. passed utD. brke ut
33. A. predictableB. curableC. avidableD. visible
34. A. lk ut frB. get thrugh tC. stand up frD. turn back t
35. A. stand byB. blend inC. carry nD. settle dwn
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在伦敦奥运会期间担任救生员的经历和感受。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我估计会有成千上万的人申请奥运会救生员的职位，所以我没有想到会收到回复。A. wrried担心；B. nticed注意到；C. checked查看；D. figured认为，估计。根据下文“there wuld be thusands f applicants fr the Olympic lifeguard rle”可知，空后内容是作者的估计。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是世界上最简单的工作。A. humblest最卑微的；B. luckiest最幸运的；C. simplest最简单的；D. dullest最愚钝的。根据下文“It’s belittling”可知，此处是说这个工作是最简单的工作。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不是医护人员，但你必须做好准备。A. cmpetitr竞争者；B. paramedic护理人员；C. vlunteer志愿者；D. superher超级英雄。根据第一段“need lifeguards”和下文“befre they get real treatment”可知，此处是说虽然救生员不是医护人员，但是也要做好准备。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你不知道如何恰当地把人从水里拉出来，你在他们得到真正的治疗之前就已经造成了伤害。A. apprpriately恰当地；B. immediately立刻；C. successfully成功地；D. prficiently精通地。根据上文“If yu dn’t knw hw t pull smebdy ut f the water”可知，救生员应该知道恰当地把人从水里拉出来。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你不知道如何恰当地把人从水里拉出来，你在他们得到真正的治疗之前就已经造成了伤害。A. favur喜爱，帮忙；B. respnse回应；C. damage伤害；D. survey调查。根据上文“If yu dn’t knw hw t pull smebdy ut f the water”可知，救生员如果不知道该怎么把人从水里拉出来的话，这会对那个人造成伤害。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不会追星，但当你站在Michael Phelps这样的人身边时，你会感到惊讶。A. dreaming做梦；B. suffering遭受；C. dubting怀疑；D. marveling感到惊奇。根据下文“when yu’re standing next t smene like Michael Phelps”可知，站在Michael Phelps这样的人身边时，你会觉得惊奇。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我正等着上班，他走过，跟我们大家击掌。A. shift轮班；B. break休息；C. trail小路，小径；D. rund局，场。根据下文“gave us all high fives”可知，作者在上班的时候看到Michael Phelps走过，空格处意为“轮班”。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这并不是说当你坐在椅子上的时候就不专业。A. demanding要求高的；B. prfessinal专业的；C. accuntable应作解释的；D. cmplicated复杂的。根据下文“when yu’re in the chair”可知，并不是说你坐在椅子上时你就不专业。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你不记得比赛，因为你太专注于检查每个运动员的动作，看是否有什么不对劲。A. appreciate欣赏；B. understand理解；C. withdraw退出；D. remember记得。根据下文“because yu’re s fcused n checking each athlete’s”可知，救生员专注于检查每个运动员的动作，就不记得比赛的内容。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不记得比赛，因为你太专注于检查每个运动员的动作，看是否有什么不对劲。A. perfrmance表现；B. mvements动作；C. difference不同；D. cnditins情况。根据下文“Why is his arm ding that”可知，救生员是看每个运动员的动作。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使是现在，我在当救生员的时候仍然很紧张。A. serius严肃的；B. thrilled兴奋的；C. strained紧张的；D. ccupied忙于……的。根据下文“Yu culd have a pl full f the fittest-lking peple, but ne culd have a histry f heart disease”可知，作者在当救生员的时候很紧张。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在巴黎奥运会上，一名斯洛伐克游泳运动员在比赛结束后昏倒了——她患有哮喘。A. wrn ut精疲力尽；B. drpped ut退出；C. passed ut昏迷；D. brke ut爆发。根据下文“she had had an asthma (哮喘) attack”可知，那个运动员因为有哮喘，所以比赛结束后昏倒了。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：并非所有的医疗问题都是可见的。A. predictable可预测的；B. curable能治愈的；C. avidable可避免的；D. visible可见的。根据上文“Nt all medical issues”可知，不是所有的医疗问题都可以被看出来，空格处意为“可见的”。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：每当我看奥运会，我总是注意救生员。A. lk ut fr注意；B. get thrugh t打通电话；C. stand up fr支持，维护；D. turn back t归回到。根据下文“There’s stuff ging n behind the scenes that n ne realize”可知，作者看奥运会的时候注意到了幕后的救生员。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们混进人群，保持冷静。A. stand by支持；B. blend in加入；C. carry n继续；D. settle dwn平静下来。根据上文“There’s stuff ging n behind the scenes that n ne realize”可知，救生员是幕后的人，他们加入到人群里，保持冷静。故选B。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mdern farms are increasingly autmated — frm GPS-cntrlled cmbine harvesters t machines that shake apples frm trees. One task, thugh, seems stubbrnly resistant t ___36___ (hand) t rbts: picking grapes. Like all sft fruit, grapes have a narrw windw f ___37___ (ripe), and are prne t being bruised r crushed if picked by clumsy metallic fingers. Matters are wrse if the fruit is intended fr fine wine.
A prject at Saffrn Grange vineyard in Essex, hwever, aims t change sme minds. Engineers at Queen Mary University f Lndn, wrking with Extend Rbtics, are building a grape-picking rbt ___38___ (equip) with visual sensrs pwered by artificial intelligence (AI) t tell when fruit is ripe, and pressure-sensitive fingers ___39___ (grasp) and cut bunches (串) frm vines ___40___ having t shake any fruit lse.
The prject is still in its early stages. The current versin f the rbt has t be awkwardly manipulated (操纵) in real-time by a pilt wearing a VR headset. The wners f Saffrn Grange vineyard ___41___ (prvide) leaf, grape and juice samples t train the AI systems already and cmmitted t planting half a field f vines ___42___ the rbt can run freely.
Rbtic help wuld be a bn fr the vineyard. Harvest time is shrt and intense — a ten-day flurry (繁忙) f activity when ___43___ typical English vineyard’s staff will swell five-fld. With a rbt, Paul Harrisn, the vineyard’s manager, envisins ___44___ (turn) grape-picking int a 24-hur peratin by hiring skilled laburers in Australia wh culd dial int the VR cntrls and pick grapes remtely, ____45____ his lcal wrkers have clcked ff fr the day.
【答案】36. being handed 37. ripeness 38. equipped 39. t grasp 40. withut
41. have prvided 42. where 43. a 44. turning 45. after
【语篇导读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了葡萄采摘机器人的技术特点、应用前景和项目进展。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，有一个任务似乎仍然难以交给机器人完成：采摘葡萄。句子主语为task，与所给动词hand之间被被动关系，空处应用被动语态be handed。又因空前的t为介词，应将be调整为being。故填being handed。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：像所有软性水果一样，葡萄的成熟期很短，并且如果被笨拙的金属手指采摘，很容易被压伤或压碎。空处需要一个名词，与空前的a narrw windw f构成名词短语，表示“窄的成熟窗口期”，表达“成熟期很短”之意。ripe的名词为ripeness。故填ripeness。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：伦敦玛丽女王大学的工程师与Extend Rbtics合作，正在建造一种葡萄采摘机器人，它配备了由人工智能驱动的视觉传感器，能够判断水果是否成熟，并且有压力敏感的手指来抓取和剪下葡萄串，而无需摇动果实。本句中已有谓语动词are building，空处应填非谓语动词，所给动词equip意为“装配”，与rbt之间为被动关系，因此空处应填equip的过去分词，作后置定语。故填equipped。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：伦敦玛丽女王大学的工程师与Extend Rbtics合作，正在建造一种葡萄采摘机器人，它配备了由人工智能驱动的视觉传感器，能够判断水果是否成熟，并且有压力敏感的手指来抓取和剪下葡萄串，而无需摇动果实。空前有连词and，连接了by后的两个并列宾语artificial intelligence (AI) t tell when fruit is ripe和pressure-sensitive fingers ___4___ (grasp) and cut bunches (串) frm vines。and前后是并列结构：名词+不定式短语。因此本空应填grasp的不定式。故填t grasp。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：伦敦玛丽女王大学的工程师与Extend Rbtics合作，正在建造一种葡萄采摘机器人，它配备了由人工智能驱动的视觉传感器，能够判断水果是否成熟，并且有压力敏感的手指来抓取和剪下葡萄串，而无需摇动果实。空格后为动名词，空处应填介词。根据上下文的语意，这里想表达的是机器人装有压力敏感手指来抓取和剪下葡萄串，不会捏坏或摇散果实。结合语境，应是表达“不用、无需”之意，应用介词withut。故填withut。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：Saffrn Grange葡萄园的主人已经提供了叶子、葡萄和果汁样本以训练人工智能系统，并承诺种植半片葡萄园，让机器人可以自由运行。全文描述的是这项新技术当前的进展情况，整个研究从过去开始，持续到现在，应使用现在完成时，又因句子主语为复数名词wners，助动词使用have。故填have prvided。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Saffrn Grange葡萄园的主人已经提供了叶子、葡萄和果汁样本以训练人工智能系统，并承诺种植半片葡萄园，让机器人可以自由运行。空格后是完整的句子，应填入关系副词where引导定语从句，表示机器人可以活动的地点，关系词在从句中作状语。故填where。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：收获时间短暂而紧张——典型的英格兰葡萄园这十天收获期内活动频繁，工作人员数量会增加五倍。此处泛指“一个典型的英国葡萄园的全体员工”，且以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：借助机器人，葡萄园经理Paul Harrisn设想将葡萄采摘转变为24小时不间断的作业，通过雇佣澳大利亚的熟练工人远程操作虚拟现实控制，在当地工人下班后继续采摘葡萄。空格前已有句子谓语envisins，空处应填入非谓语动词。envisin为动词“设想，想象”之意，其后接非谓语动词作宾语时，通常用动名词。故填turning。
【45题详解】
考查连接词。句意：借助机器人，葡萄园经理Paul Harrisn设想将葡萄采摘转变为24小时不间断的作业，通过雇佣澳大利亚的熟练工人远程操作虚拟现实控制，在当地工人下班后继续采摘葡萄。空格前后皆为完整的句子，空格处应填入连接词来连接前后句。前文提到“a 24-hur peratin”，可见葡萄园主是想雇佣远程工人在当地工人下班之后继续工作，以实现24小时的操作模式。应用after表示“在……之后”。故填after。
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校图书馆计划于下月购置一批新书，现向同学们征求采购意见。请你给图书馆负责人外教Hans写一封邮件，内容包括：
（1）推荐书目；
（2）推荐理由。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Hans,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Hans,
I’m Li Hua. I’m writing t ffer my suggestins regarding the new bks t be purchased by ur schl library next mnth. The bk I strngly recmmend is The Old Man and the Sea by Hemingway.
This classic is a must-read fr several reasns. First f all, its language is simple yet pwerful, enabling us t appreciate the charm f English. Mrever, the stry f the ld man’s unwavering perseverance in the face f hardships is truly inspiring, which teaches us the imprtance f never giving up, n matter hw difficult the situatin is. In additin, as Hemingway’s representative wrk, this bk prvides us with valuable insights int his artistic style and writing features.
I sincerely hpe my recmmendatin will be taken int cnsideratin. Lking frward t yur reply at yur earliest cnvenience.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Last-Minute Purchase
Me wrk in a jewellery (珠宝) stre? It was hard t imagine. I didn’t wear any accessries, nt even a watch. Hwever, I was a teenager wh needed mney and the stre had a help-wanted sign in the windw. My lack f interest in jewellery was reflected in my sales. After tw weeks, Gerge, my bss, brught ut the sales figures. I was dead last.
The clser we gt t Christmas, the busier the stre gt. True t frm, many custmers rushed int the stre desperate t find the perfect gift fr their lved nes. Of curse, we had just what they wanted, shwing them the mre expensive items and nly shwing lwer-priced nes if they asked.
Abut a half-hur befre clsing, a yung girl came int the stre with a wrried lk. I asked if I culd help her. “I want t buy a gift fr my mm,” she said. “It has t be smething very special.” “What can yu tell me abut yur mm?” I asked. “She’s beautiful.” she replied. My next questin was hw much mney she had t spend. “Six dllars.”— that was still nt much mney, even thugh this happened way back when I was a teenager.
I knew we had sme ptins in her price range. I patiently shwed her several pieces. Nthing seemed special enugh fr the yung girl’s mm. The stre was filling up, with wallets being flipped ut like a shtut. Gerge’s eyes fllwed me like searchlights lking fr enemy aircraft.
Finally, like the star in the east, a pair f earrings appeared. “They’re perfect. My mm will lve these.” the little girl gasped. It came t $4.98. As I started t put the earrings in a bag, tw big, brwn eyes sparkled at me with great jy— the jy f this seasn.
“Culd yu gift-wrap them, please?” she requested. I gt ut ne f the stre’s special bxes, wrapped the earrings in gld paper, put a red ribbn arund it. The gift lked beautiful, fit fr the best mm in the wrld. She must have been the best mm in the wrld. What ther kind f mther wuld raise such a wnderful child?
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Head held high, the girl danced ut f the stre, delighted as a little deer.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Gerge stared at me with wide eyes—thugh it was Christmas, he wasn’t merry at all.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Head held high, the girl danced ut f the stre, delighted as a little deer. Watching her skip away, I culdn’t help but imagine the surprised and tuched expressin illuminating her mther’s face when she received this gift. I felt a sense f satisfactin, knwing that I had played a part in creating such a beautiful memry fr them. It was mments like these that made all the lng hurs and stressful days in the stre wrthwhile. Hwever, as I was immersed in this warm feeling, I suddenly felt a pair f eyes n me.
Gerge stared at me with wide eyes— thugh it was Christmas, he wasn’t merry at all. “We were verwhelmed by custmers eager t splurge, and she spent almst nthing! Every minute is precius, but yu were dallying with her!” Withut fear r hesitatin, I replied firmly, “Yes, there were many with lts f mney, but this child knws the true spirit f giving. She gave mst f what she had. ” Falling silent fr an extended mment, finally, he ndded thughtfully, “Maybe yu’re right.” As the faint chime f Christmas bells eched in the distance, we bth realized the true spirit f Christmas beynd sales— giving and caring.