【期中复习】译林版2020 2023-2024学年高一下册英语 专题04 阅读七选五 （考点专练）.zip

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A
(2023江苏省淮安市淮安区高一下学期期中)
Flds are ne f the mst cmmn disasters. Sme flds develp slwly. But flash flds(暴洪)can develp quickly, smetimes in just a few minutes and withut any signs f rain. 1 It carries rcks and mud and can sweep away mst things in its path.
1. If a fld is likely t happen in yur area, yu shuld:
Listen t the radi r the televisin fr infrmatin. If there is any pssibility f a flash fld, mve at nce t higher grund. 2
2. If yu have time t prepare, yu shuld:
Make yur hme safe by bringing in utdr furniture. 3 D nt tuch any electrical equipment if yu are wet r standing in water.
3. If yu have t leave yur hme right away, remember these tips:
D nt walk thrugh mving water. 5 If yu have t walk in water, walk where the water is nt mving. Use a stick t check the grund in frnt f yu.
5 If fldwaters rise arund yur car, give up the car and mve t higher grund if yu can d s safely. Otherwise yu and the car can be quickly swept away.
A. D nt drive int flded areas.
B. D nt wait fr instructins t mve.
C. Turn ff all pieces f electrical equipment.
D. 20 cm f mving water can make yu fall.
E. Flds can cause deaths and lss f prperty.
F. A flash fld ften has a dangerus wall f water.
G. Mud frm fldwaters may cntain chemicals.
【答案】1. F 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。洪水是最常见的自然灾害之一，文章介绍了一些洪水到来时应该采取的措施。
1.根据空前“But flash flds(暴洪)can develp quickly, smetimes in just a few minutes and withut any signs f rain.(但是山洪暴发迅速，有时只需要几分钟，而且没有任何下雨的迹象。)”可知山洪暴发的速度很快，根据空后“It carries rcks and mud and can sweep away mst things in its path.(它携带着岩石和泥土，可以卷走途经的大部分东西。)”可知，此处具体介绍了山洪的破坏性很强，空处承上启下，所以空处应该指出山洪的威力，F选项A flash fld ften has a dangerus wall f water.(暴洪往往会形成一堵危险的水墙。)符合，而且空后的“It”指代的是F项中的“a dangerus wall f water”，符合上下文语境。故选F项。
2.根据空前“Listen t the radi r the televisin fr infrmatin. If there is any pssibility f a flash fld, mve at nce t higher grund.(听收音机或电视获取信息。如果有山洪暴发的可能，立即转移到地势较高的地方。)”可知一旦从媒体中获取有山洪暴发的信息就要立刻转移到安全地带，而不应被动等待行动指示，空处位于段末，应对前文进行总结，所以空处应该讲的是从媒体中获取山洪暴发的信息后应该怎么做，B选项D nt wait fr instructins t mve.(不要等待行动指示。)指出有山洪暴发的可能时不应等待行动指示，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
3.根据空前“Make yur hme safe by bringing in utdr furniture.(带些户外家具，让你的家更安全。)”可知带些户外家具会更安全，根据空后“D nt tuch any electrical equipment if yu are wet r standing in water.(如果你身上是湿的或正站在水里，不要触摸任何电器。)”可知为了安全不要在身上有水或站在水里时触摸电器，空处承上启下，所以空处应该继续讲如何做会更安全，即关掉所有电器，避免触电的危险，C选项Turn ff all pieces f electrical equipment.(关掉所有的电器。)符合上下文语境。故选C项。
4.根据空前“D nt walk thrugh mving water.(不要在流动的水中行走。) ”可知山洪暴发时要避免在流水中行走，根据空后“If yu have t walk in water, walk where the water is nt mving. Use a stick t check the grund in frnt f yu.(如果你一定要在水里走，那就走在水不动的地方。用棍子检查你前面的地面。)”可知如果一定要在水中行走就选择在静水中行走，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是不要在流水中行走的原因，D选项20 cm f mving water can make yu fall.(20厘米深的流水会把你冲倒。)解释不要在流水中行走的原因，符合上下文语境。故选D项。
5.根据空后“If fldwaters rise arund yur car, give up the car and mve t higher grund if yu can d s safely. Otherwise yu and the car can be quickly swept away.(如果洪水在你的汽车周围上涨，放弃汽车，如果安全的话转移到更高的地方。否则你和车很快就会被冲走。) ”可知开车时如果车周围的洪水一直上涨，就放弃汽车并转移到更高更安全的地方，空处位于句首，应对后文进行概括，所以空后应该讲的是为了安全开车时要远离洪水区，A选项D nt drive int flded areas.(不要开车去洪水区。)指出山洪暴发时如果开车应该怎么做，符合上下文语境。故选A项。
B
(2023江苏省泰州姜堰中学高一下学期期中)
The fear f elevatrs is actually ne f the mst cmmn phbias(恐惧症) experienced tday. 6 When cmbined with these ther cnditins, the fear f elevatrs is highly cmmn, and usually successfully treated.
7 Sme may be frightened f being up s high. Others may be afraid f the enclsed space. Still thers are afraid t be clse t ther peple.
Since s many peple suffer frm the fear f elevatrs, there may be supprt grups in sme areas. These are mst cmmn in cities with lts f tall buildings where riding an elevatr is almst impssible t avid in day-t-day life. 8
Usually, the fear f elevatrs can be treated. Let sufferers visualize riding an elevatr and picture the aspects which are frightening. Then they may be required t invlve themselves in the part that scares them mst. Fr example, smene wh is afraid f heights may start by climbing a ladder ver and ver again. 9 Next, they mve n t a greater height, such as climbing a tree. As they experience greater and greater levels, their fear may becme lessened. Finally, they will be able t enter an elevatr.
Smetimes just stepping int it is a start. 10 This will likely still cause anxiety the first few times. But they can use methds which wrk when accmplishing smaller gals. Finally, after many attempts, riding an elevatr may nt cause anxiety at all.
A. They can stp this prcess when it causes little anxiety.
B. By nw, yu have identified what scares yu mst.
C. At ther times, they will be asked t ride up a few flights.
D. Sufferers generally frce themselves t face their fears.
E. Many aspects f riding an elevatr may cause fear in sufferers.
F. In these lcatins, the fear f elevatrs can affect everyday activities.
G. It may present itself in crrelatin with anther fear, such as the fear f limited spaces.
【答案】6. G 7. E 8. F 9. A 10. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了克服电梯恐惧的方法。
6. 根据上文“The fear f elevatrs is actually ne f the mst cmmn phbias (恐惧症) experienced tday.(对电梯的恐惧实际上是当今最常见的恐惧症之一)”以及后文“When cmbined with these ther cnditins, the fear f elevatrs is highly cmmn, and usually successfully treated.(当与这些其他情况相结合时，对电梯的恐惧是非常普遍的，并且通常能成功地治疗)”可知，电梯恐惧可能与其他恐惧相结合，由此可知，空处提到了另一种有关的恐惧。G选项It指代上文phbias。故G选项“它可能与另一种恐惧相关，比如对有限空间的恐惧”符合语境，故选G。
7. 根据后文“Sme may be frightened f being up s high. Others may be afraid f the enclsed space. Still thers are afraid t be clse t ther peple.(有些人可能害怕高。其他人可能会害怕封闭的空间。还有一些人害怕与他人亲近)”可知，后文列举了不同人不同的恐惧，本句为本段第一句，应总起下文，故E选项“乘坐电梯的许多方面可能会引起患者的恐惧”符合语境，故选E。
8. 根据上文“Since s many peple suffer frm the fear f elevatrs, there may be supprt grups in sme areas. These are mst cmmn in cities with lts f tall buildings where riding an elevatr is almst impssible t avid in day-t-day life.(由于很多人都有电梯恐惧症，在一些地区可能会有支持团体。这在高楼林立的城市里最为常见，在这些城市里，日常生活中几乎不可能避免乘坐电梯)”可知，上文提到“在这些城市里，日常生活中几乎不可能避免乘坐电梯”，说明在这些地方，对电梯的恐惧会影响日常生活，故F选项“在这些地方，对电梯的恐惧会影响日常活动”符合语境，故选F。
9. 根据上文“Fr example, smene wh is afraid f heights may start by climbing a ladder ver and ver again.(例如，一个恐高的人可能会一遍又一遍地爬梯子)”以及后文“Next, they mve n t a greater height, such as climbing a tree. As they experience greater and greater levels, their fear may becme lessened. Finally, they will be able t enter an elevatr.(接下来，它们会爬到更高的地方，比如爬树。当他们体验到越来越高水平的高度时，他们的恐惧可能会减少。最后，他们将能够进入电梯)”可知，上文提到了先通过爬梯子来减少恐高，然后再通过爬树灯来克服更高的高度。由此可知，当对爬梯子的恐惧减少后，可以进入下一个挑战。故A选项“他们可以在很少引起焦虑的情况下停止这个过程”符合语境，故选A。
10. 根据上文“Smetimes just stepping int it is a start.(有时候，只是步入电梯就是一个开始)”以及后文“This will likely still cause anxiety the first few times. But they can use methds which wrk when accmplishing smaller gals. Finally, after many attempts, riding an elevatr may nt cause anxiety at all.(这可能会在最初几次引起焦虑。但是当他们完成较小的目标时，他们可以使用有效的方法。最后，经过多次尝试，乘坐电梯可能根本不会引起焦虑)”可知，步入电梯是一个开始，但如何要克服电梯恐惧，还需要练习乘坐几层楼，故C选项“在其他时候，他们会被要求乘坐几层楼”符合语境，故选C。
C
(2023江苏省盐城市第一中学等多校高一下学期期中联考)
U.N. Reprt Warns Nature Crisis
A new U.N. reprt fcuses n the negative effects f human activity n nature. It says ne millin plant and animal species n land, in the seas and in the sky are nw in danger f extinctin.
The 1,800-page reprt tk three years t finish. 11 The Earth has always suffered frm human activity, it says. Hwever, these scratches (划伤) have becme deep scars(伤疤) ver the past 50 years. Species are ging t extinct several hundred times faster than the average rate during the past ten millin years. It’s smething that has never happened befre in human histry.
12 Since 1970, the human ppulatin has dubled. The glbal ecnmy has grwn by fur times. T feed, clthe and give energy t this fast-changing wrld, lts f frests have been cut dwn. 13 Furthermre, hunting, verfishing and pllutin have als been killing species in great numbers.
The prblem can be fixed, the reprt says. 14 The amunt f land and sea that is under prtectin needs t increase rapidly. The reprt suggests gvernments mve away frm using GDP as a key measure f develpment. Lng-term effects must be cnsidered, t.
Prfessr Eduard Brndizi f Indiana University is an authr f the reprt. He says, “We all knw what needs t be dne. The knwledge is there. 15 ”
A. Hwever, this requires many changes.
B. Over 120 wildlife species are facing extinctin.
C. Only experts knw hw t address the prblem.
D. The reprt listed several causes fr the situatin.
E. There just needs t be a greater will t take actin.
F. It draws n the wrk f 450 scientists frm dzens f cuntries.
G. Between 1980 and 2000, ne millin square kilmeters f trpical (热带的) frest were lst.
【答案】11. F 12. D 13. G 14. A 15. E
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了一份新的聚焦于人类活动对自然的负面影响的联合国报告：海陆空的100万种植物和动物因为人类活动而正面临灭绝的危险，问题可以解决，但是要真正付之于行动。
11. 上文“The 1, 800-page reprt tk three years t finish.(这份1800页的报告花了三年时间才完成)”说明联合国报告花费了很长时间，F项中It指代上文中的报告，F项“它借鉴了来自数十个国家的450名科学家的成果。”进一步说明这份报告借鉴了很多人的工作成果，承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
12. 下文“Since 1970, the human ppulatin has dubled. The glbal ecnmy has grwn by fur times. T feed, clthe and give energy t this fast-changing wrld, lts f frests have been cut dwn.(自1970年以来，人口增加了一倍。全球经济增长了四倍。为了给这个快速变化的世界提供食物、衣服和能量，许多森林被砍伐了)”说明造成物种灭绝速度增长的原因，D项“报告列出了造成这种情况的几个原因。”引出下文，符合题意。故选D。
13. 上文“T feed, clthe and give energy t this fast-changing wrld, lts f frests have been cut dwn.(为了给这个快速变化的世界提供食物、衣服和能量，许多森林被砍伐了)”说明许多森林被砍伐，G项“1980年至2000年间，100万平方公里的热带森林消失。”说明了森林砍伐的结果，承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
14. 上文“The prblem can be fixed, the reprt says.(报告称，这个问题是可以解决的)”说明这一问题可以解决，以及下文“The amunt f land and sea that is under prtectin needs t increase rapidly.(受保护的陆地和海洋数量需要迅速增加)”说明解决问题需要做出的改变，A项“然而，这需要许多改变。”承上启下，符合题意，其中“this”代指上文“The prblem can be fixed”。故选A。
15. 上文“We all knw what needs t be dne. The knwledge is there.(我们都知道需要做什么。知识就在那里)”说明大家都知道应该采取什么行动，E项“只需要有更大的意愿来采取行动。”说明Eduard Brndizi希望大家更愿意采取行动，承接上文，符合题意。故选E。
D
(2023江苏省盐城市新丰中学、龙岗中学等五校高一下学期期中联考)
What are sme things in yur life that give yu t much stress? Find ut what yu can d abut it.
Schl wrk and grades
As a student, schl wrk and grades are at the tp f yur stress list. Even if yur results are nt s bad, yu may still be vercme with stress fearing that yu may fail r nt d as well as yu expect. 16 . Why nt take it easy by leaving extra time t study and take frequent breaks t avid being s tired? Manage yur time carefully and d nt put things ff.
17
Have yu ever been cncerned abut nt having enugh friends, r nt being in the same class as yur best friends? These, alng with ther prblems such as peer pressure and interpersnal cnflicts(冲突), are ther cmmn stress.
It is imprtant t knw hw t chse yur circle f friends wisely. D nt hide in yur wn wrld. 18 . Make plans t meet with yur friends frm ther classes during break time.
Pr diet and lack f sleep
Sme students eat t much fast fd and junk fd, which can lead t md changes, lack f energy and ther negative effects. These fd may cause ther health prblems. 19 .
Other students suffer frm lack f sleep. When that happens, they functin prly in class, getting upset and angry easily. Why nt draw up a schedule t g t bed at a set time every night? 20 . Well arrange yur daily rutine and yu will feel better abut yurself.
A. Family and supprt
B. Friendships and relatinships
C. Avid using smart phnes befre yu sleep
D. Eating junk fd is really a waste f mney
E. Make friends when yu jin in schl activitics
F. Heavy learning burden is anther cause fr wrry
G. S learn t make wise fd chices that yu can enjy
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. E 19. G 20. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作为学生经常会因为哪些事情而感到有压力，并且推荐了一些解压的方法。
16. 根据上文“As a student, schl wrk and grades are at the tp f yur stress list. Even if yur results are nt s bad, yu may still be vercme with stress fearing that yu may fail r nt d as well as yu expect.(作为一名学生，学业和成绩位于你压力清单上的榜首。即使你的结果不是那么糟糕，你可能仍然会被压力所压倒，害怕你可能会失败或做得不如你预期的那么好。)”可知，本段主要讲述了学生的主要压力来自学业和成绩。选项F“Heavy learning burden is anther cause fr wrry(沉重的学习负担是另一个担心的原因)”承接上文，认为学习负担也是压力的来源。内容上与上文一致。故选F。
17. 空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Have yu ever been cncerned abut nt having enugh friends, r nt being in the same class as yur best friends? These, alng with ther prblems such as peer pressure and interpersnal cnflicts(冲突), are ther cmmn stress. (你是否曾经担心没有足够的朋友，或者和你最好的朋友不在同一个班级？这些，连同其他问题，如同伴压力和人际冲突，是其他常见的压力。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是友谊和人际关系也是压力的源泉。选项B“Friendships and relatinships (友谊和关系)”与下文内容一致，是下文内容的概括与总结。故选B。
18. 根据上文“It is imprtant t knw hw t chse yur circle f friends wisely. D nt hide in yur wn wrld.(知道如何明智地选择朋友圈是很重要的。不要躲在自己的世界里。)”可知，上文建议读者学会交朋友。选项E“Make friends when yu jin in schl activities(参加学校活动时交朋友)”与上文“D nt hide in yur wn wrld.”一致，建议读者参加学校活动从而结交朋友。故选E。
19. 根据上文“Sme students eat t much fast fd and junk fd, which can lead t md changes, lack f energy and ther negative effects. These fd may cause ther health prblems.(一些学生吃太多快餐和垃圾食品，这可能会导致情绪变化，缺乏精力和其他负面影响。这些食物可能会导致其他健康问题。)”可知，学生食物的选择很重要，会影响自己的心情和身体。选项G“S learn t make wise fd chices that yu can enjy(所以要学会明智地选择你喜欢的食物)”是根据学生存在的饮食问题提出的建议，与上文内容一致。故选G。
20. 根据上文“Other students suffer frm lack f sleep. When that happens, they functin prly in class, getting upset and angry easily. Why nt draw up a schedule t g t bed at a set time every night?(其他学生睡眠不足。当这种情况发生时，他们在课堂上表现很差，很容易心烦和生气。为什么不制定一个时间表，每晚在固定的时间上床睡觉呢？)”可知，作者认为学生睡眠不足会导致课堂表现差，所以建议学生每晚在固定时间睡觉，即对学生的睡眠给出了改善的方法。选项C“Avid using smart phnes befre yu sleep(睡觉前避免使用智能手机)”也是改善睡眠的方法，与上文内容一致。故选C。
A
Smetimes, we meet with situatins that cause us t feel angry t the pint we may want t erupt like a vlcan r curse(咒骂) smene ut. 1 Here are sme replies nline t the questin abut hw t deal with anger.
G fr a swim, lift weights, and practice ther frms f exercise!
Science suggests that hearing, seeing, r swimming causes ur brain t prduce neurchemicals that increase bld flw t the brain and heart. “ 2 I like t lift weights. It cmpletely takes the edge ff. Heavy bag wrk is gd fr cardi and reducing anger. Yga is great fr bth exercise and meditatin,” wrte u/JackFunk.
Eat a healthier diet.
Prteins such as fish, tfu, and chicken, help us prduce higher levels f dpamine and nrepinephrine, which are chemicals in the brain that play a rle in yur md, mtivatin, and cncentratin. “I fund that sme fds messed with my stmach. 3 Over time I have remved varius fds frm my diet, and it has really helped,” u/JackFunk als wrte.
Write yur feelings dwn.
Whether it’s quick sentences r jurnal entries, writing dwn hw yu feel is a great way t release negative emtins. “ 4 Pur yur heart ut… and if yu’re wrried that smene else may read it later, yu can burn it t release the energy,” wrte u/ChiceFabulus.
5
“If yu have truble nt getting angry when discussing smething r trying t wrk thrugh a prblem with smene, always imagine the cnversatin is being videtaped. If yu keep that in the back f yur mind, yu will always think abut what yu say, and it culd help keep yur mind frm the anger,” wrte u/therealtidbits.
A. Fr me, nthing is better than exercise.
B. Whenever I can’t help getting angry, I read.
C. Pretend that when yu get angry peple are watching.
D. Whenever I can’t exercise r burn ut the feelings, I write.
E. Anyway, there are always better ways t handle when angry.
F. They then messed with my head, which brught ut the anger.
G. Pretend there is a camera befre yu and be mindful f what yu say.
【答案】1. E 2. A 3. F 4. D 5. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一些网友对于如何应对愤怒给出的一些方法。
1. 根据上文“Smetimes, we meet with situatins that cause us t feel angry t the pint we may want t erupt like a vlcan r curse (咒骂) smene ut. (有时，我们会遇到一些情况，使我们感到愤怒，以至于我们可能想像火山一样爆发或诅咒某人。)”可知，虽然人们生气愤怒，但是肯定会有好方法来应对，此处应承上启下，与E项“Anyway, there are always better ways t handle when angry. (尽管如此，生气时总有更好的处理方法。)”上下文一致，符合文意，且better ways与下文的sme replies相呼应，故选E项。
2. 根据下文““I like t lift weights. It cmpletely takes the edge ff. Heavy bag wrk is gd fr cardi and reducing anger. Yga is great fr bth exercise and meditatin”, wrte u/JackFunk. (“我喜欢举重。它完全消除了边缘。沉重的袋子工作有利于有氧运动和减少愤怒。瑜伽对锻炼和冥想都很好”，JackFunk写道。)”可知，本段主要介绍运动对缓解愤怒的作用，与A项“Fr me, nthing is better than exercise. (对我来说，没有什么比锻炼更好的了。)上下文一致，符合文意，故选A项。
3. 根据上文“I fund that sme fds messed with my stmach. (我发现有些食物弄乱了我的胃。)”可知，空处将进一步说明，与F项“They then messed with my head, which brught ut the anger. (然后他们弄乱了我的头，这引起了愤怒。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选F项。
4. 根据下文““Pur yur heart ut… and if yu’re wrried that smene else may read it later, yu can burn it t release the energy,” wrte u/ChiceFabulus. (“倾诉衷肠……如果你担心别人以后会读到它，你可以烧掉它来释放能量，”ChiceFabulus写道。)”可知，本段介绍写作对释放消极情绪的作用，与D项“Whenever I can’t exercise r burn ut the feelings, I write. (每当我不能锻炼或倦怠时，我就会写作。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选D项。
5. 根据下文“If yu have truble nt getting angry when discussing smething r trying t wrk thrugh a prblem with smene, always imagine the cnversatin is being videtaped. (如果你在讨论某事或试图与某人解决问题时难以不生气，请始终想象谈话被录像。)”可知，如果你的面前有摄像机，你就会注意自己的言辞，与G项“Pretend there is a camera befre yu and be mindful f what yu say. (假装你面前有一个摄像头，并注意你说的话。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选G项。
B
These fur gd habits will imprve sme aspects f yur life.
D ne thing at a time
6 . In truth, it’s nt the best way t get things dne. Instead f jumping frm ne thing t the next like a ping-png ball, stick with ne task as lng as yu can. That cncentrated time yu spend n ne thing will be far mre prductive. 7 .
Create a place fr everything
Imagine all things in yur hme have a place where they live. Fr example, tys g int a basket when they’re nt in use. 8 . If yu regularly(定期的) have lts f things that have nwhere t g, it may be time t make sme hard chices abut what yu really want t keep.
9
Get up at the same time every day, preferably all seven days a week. A cnsistent(一致的) sleep schedule helps frm yur bdy’s circadian rhythm(昼夜节律). Sleeping late n the weekends is nt bad. But it feels better t get regular rests every day.
Learn hw t say n
Saying yes t everything can be a difficult habit t break fr mst f us. But learning hw t draw a line is ne f the best things yu can d fr yurself. Yu have the pwer nt t agree t help everyne else with their prblems. 10 . Yur time is just as valuable as everyne else’s.
A. Set a realistic gal
B. Keep a cnsistent sleep schedule
C. In this way yu spare lts f time fr yurself
D. If s, tidying up yur hme gets a whle lt quicker
E. Mst f us smetimes d several things at the same time
F. Being efficient with the time yu have is crucial fr prductivity
G. Instead, yu will easily feel tired when trying t finish three things meantime
【答案】6. E 7. G 8. D 9. B 10. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个改善生活的好习惯。
6. 下文“In truth, it’s nt the best way t get things dne.(事实上，这不是完成事情的最佳方式)”，空处应对应本段标题“D ne thing at a time(一次做一件事)”，并且指出下文it指代的内容，E项“我们大多数人有时同时做几件事”符合语境。故选E项。
7. 上文“That cncentrated time yu spend n ne thing will be far mre prductive.(把时间集中在一件事上会更有效率)”表明一个时间只做一件事会效率更高，空处承接上文，G项“相反，当你试图同时完成三件事时，你会很容易感到疲惫”跟上文相对照，表明另外一种结果，符合题意。故选G项。
8. 上文“Imagine all things in yur hme have a place where they live. Fr example, tys g int a basket when they’re nt in use. (想象一下，你家里的所有东西都有一个他们居住的地方。例如，玩具不用时会放进篮子里)”指出所有东西要有自己的地方，空处承接上文，D项“如果是这样的话，整理你的家会更快”是对前面句子的顺承，符合语境。故选D项。
9. 空处作为小标题，应概括本段内容，下文第一句“Get up at the same time every day, preferably all seven days a week.A cnsistent (一致的) sleep schedule helps frm yur bdy’s circadian rhythm (昼夜节律). (每天在同一时间起床，最好一周七天都一样。一致的睡眠时间表有助于形成你身体的昼夜节律。)”是对小标题的进一步解释，B项“保持一致的睡眠时间表”跟主题内容一致，符合语境，同时a cnsistent sleep schedule是同词复现。故选B项。
10. 上文“Yu have the pwer nt t agree t help everyne else with their prblems.(你有权不同意帮助其他人解决他们的问题)”表明你可以向别人说“不”，空处承上启下，下文“Yur time is just as valuable as everyne else’s.(你的时间和其他人的时间一样宝贵)”表明你自己的时间也很重要，要留给自己时间，C项“这样你就为自己腾出了很多时间”符合语境。故选C项。
C
Hw t add green tech t yur hme
Green tech invlves cmbining technlgy and science t create envirnmentally friendly prducts. The idea is by using prducts and services in the hme t reduce energy cnsumptin, waste, r harmful effects n the envirnment, we can all help the planet. 11
Install smart light bulbs
One quick way t reduce energy use is t switch all yur light bulbs t energy-efficient versins called smart bulbs and use a virtual assistant t cntrl them. These bulbs tend t use abut 7 t 9.5 watts f pwer yet prvide the same amunt f light a 60-watt rdinary bulb ffers. 12 Just use yur phne t shut them dwn.
13
Smart plugs are a great ptin, t, fr cntrlling devices like televisins, cffee makers, r almst anything that plugs int a wall scket t wrk. Devices like these use energy just by being plugged in, s using yur phne r virtual assistant t turn the plugs n r ff as needed helps stp energy drain in its tracks.
Upcycle r recycle yur ld tech
Tech is everywhere in ur hmes, and when a device gets ld, we tend t replace it with a newer, better, faster versin. It’s kay t get the latest device, but why nt reuse and repurpse the lder nes? Fr example, yu can upcycle yur ld cmputers and laptps by repurpsing them int hme security mnitrs. Gt an ld Andrid phne? 14
It’s nt hard t start adding green tech t yur hme. 15 Once yu start, yu’ll quickly see hw cnvenient green tech can be and hw easy it is t start using it.
A. Add smart plugs everywhere
B. Frgt t turn ff the lights?
C. Anyne can achieve it easily.
D. Upcycle it int a remte cntrl fr yur TV.
E. Upcycle it instead f thrwing it int the dust bin.
F. The real difficulty is in deciding t take that first small step tday.
G. Belw are several quick and easy ideas yu can start using tday.
【答案】11. G 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. F
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了如何将绿色科技添加到您的家中。
11. 根据前文“Green tech invlves cmbining technlgy and science t create envirnmentally friendly prducts. The idea is by using prducts and services in the hme t reduce energy cnsumptin, waste, r harmful effects n the envirnment, we can all help the planet.(绿色科技是指将技术和科学相结合，创造出对环境友好的产品。这个想法是通过在家里使用产品和服务来减少能源消耗、浪费或对环境的有害影响，我们都可以帮助地球)”可知，本文的主题是介绍绿色科技，以及在家里使用绿色科技来减少能源消耗、浪费或对环境的有害影响，所以G项“Belw are several quick and easy ideas yu can start using tday.(下面是几个快速简单的方法，你可以从今天开始使用)”承接上文，进一步提出本文主题，引出下文。故选G项。
12. 根据前文“These bulbs tend t use abut 7 t 9.5 watts f pwer yet prvide the same amunt f light a 60-watt rdinary bulb ffers.(这些灯泡往往使用7到9.5瓦的功率，却能提供与60瓦普通灯泡相同的亮度)”以及后文“Just use yur phne t shut them dwn.(用手机关掉他们就行了)”可知，前文内容和后文无法连接，所以空处应是一个过渡句，引出下文，B项“Frgt t turn ff the lights?(忘记关灯了?)”可知，下文是对此句的回答，且是介绍智能灯泡的方便，符合本段主题。故选B项。
13. 分析设空，是本段小标题，应是对本段的高度概括，根据下文“Smart plugs are a great ptin, t, fr cntrlling devices like televisins, cffee makers, r almst anything that plugs int a wall scket t wrk. Devices like these use energy just by being plugged in, s using yur phne r virtual assistant t turn the plugs n r ff as needed helps stp energy drain in its tracks.(智能插头也是一个很好的选择，可以用来控制电视、咖啡机或几乎任何可以插在墙上插座上工作的设备。像这样的设备只要插上电源就会消耗能量，所以使用你的手机或虚拟助手根据需要打开或关闭插头有助于阻止能量的消耗)”可知，本段主要讲述在家里使用智能插头，所以A项“Add smart plugs everywhere(到处添加智能插头)”符合本段主题，为本段小标题。故选A项。
14. 根据前文“Fr example, yu can upcycle yur ld cmputers and laptps by repurpsing them int hme security mnitrs. Gt an ld Andrid phne?(例如，你可以升级你的旧电脑和笔记本电脑，把它们改造成家庭安全监视器。你有一部旧的安卓手机吗？)”可知，此处是针对本段主题在具体举例，所以空处应是说明把旧的安卓手机升级为“什么”，D项“Upcycle it int a remte cntrl fr yur TV.(将其升级为电视遥控器)”符合实际。故选D项。
15. 根据前文“It’s nt hard t start adding green tech t yur hme.(开始在家里添加绿色科技并不难)”以及后文“Once yu start, yu’ll quickly see hw cnvenient green tech can be and hw easy it is t start using it.(一旦你开始使用，你很快就会发现绿色科技是多么方便，开始使用它是多么容易)”可知，F项“The real difficulty is in deciding t take that first small step tday.(真正的困难在于今天决定迈出第一步)”承接上文，引出下文，符合文意。故选F项。
D
If yu will take a vacatin with yur family r friends, renting a yacht 游艇) in Cab is ne f the chices yu need t cnsider. A yacht is cmfrtable and gives yu the freedm while n vacatin. 16 .
It allws yu t explre different destinatins. 17 , renting a yacht can allw yu t d this ften withut the need t unlad yur baggage. It als allws yu t reach and see beaches which yu can nly reach by water.
18 . Renting a yacht culd be great if yu are lking fr an ideal envirnment fr relaxatin. Whether sailing acrss the cast r in calm waters, it allws yu t sit back and enjy viewing the beautiful scenery. 19 .
It allws yu t enjy yur privacy and persnal service. Renting a yacht fr a vacatin guarantees (保证) privacy and prvides an pprtunity t spend time with yur lved nes. 20 . The yacht wrkers will help yu get the best ut f yur vacatin and take care f yur persnal needs.
These abve are the reasns why yu may cnsider renting a yacht when ging fr a vacatin.
A. Of curse, there are many chices
B. Since yu will visit many places in Cab
C. It allws yu t experience ttal relaxatin
D. Because explring and privacy are the mst imprtant
E. Besides, yu have the chance t request persnal service
F. Here are sme ther benefits f renting a yacht fr yur trip
G. Renting a yacht will, thus, make yu get away frm the busy wrld
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. C 19. G 20. E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了和家人在卡波度假时租游艇的好处。
16. 上文“A yacht is cmfrtable and gives yu the freedm while n vacatin.(游艇是舒适的，给你度假时的自由)”说明了租赁游艇的好处之一，F项“以下是租用游艇旅行的其他好处”承上启下，统领全文，符合语境。故选F项。
17. 下文“renting a yacht can allw yu t d this ften withut the need t unlad yur baggage(租一艘游艇可以让你经常这样做，而不需要卸下行李)”句中没有连词，空处句子必有连词，并且包含“d this”的指代内容，B项“因为你将参观卡波的许多地方”符合语境，且“visit many places”与上文“explre different destinatins”相呼应。故选B项。
18. 空处作为总起句，概括本段内容，下文“Renting a yacht culd be great if yu are lking fr an ideal envirnment fr relaxatin.(如果你正在寻找一个理想的放松环境，租一艘游艇可能会很棒)”可知，本段说的是租一艘游艇会让你很放松，故C项“它让你体验完全放松的感觉”符合语境，并与第二段和第四段的第一句话构成排比句式。故选C项。
19. 上文“Whether sailing acrss the cast r in calm waters, it allws yu t sit back and enjy viewing the beautiful scenery.(无论是穿越海岸还是在平静的水域航行，它都能让你坐下来欣赏美丽的风景)”，空处承接上文，G项“因此，租一艘游艇会让你远离繁忙的世界”与上文构成因果关系，乘坐游艇欣赏美丽的景色，享受完全放松的状态，远离了繁忙的世界，符合语境。故选G项。
20. 上文“It allws yu t enjy yur privacy and persnal service. Renting a yacht fr a vacatin guarantees privacy and prvides an pprtunity t spend time with yur lved nes.(它允许您享受您的隐私和个人服务。租一艘游艇度假可以保证隐私，并提供与亲人共度时光的机会)”提到租游艇可以让你享受隐私和个人服务中的一点——保护隐私，接下来空处应陈述另外一点--个人服务，E项“此外，您还有机会要求私人服务”符合语境。故选E项。
E
(2023山东枣庄高一上期末)What’ s a micr activity? I cnsider this questin abut the wrd “micr” whenever it appears.
21 Quite literally, it means “extremely small”. But in this article, a micr activity will refer t smething which takes up n mre than five minutes f yur time.
The fllwing recmmendatins are micr activities yu shuld d fr yur bdy.
Self-Massage(自我按摩)
Self-massaging shuld becme a part f yur daily musts. 22 As we get lder, ur muscles (肌肉) tighten. But if we self-massage, these muscles will feel cared fr. Accrding t the May Clinic, massage can reduce stress and increase relaxatin.
Intensive Exercise
There are many benefits f intensive exercise(高强度运动). And d yu knw what else it des fr yur bdy? It makes yur bdy realize it can d s much mre. In less than five minutes, the gal is t break a sweat. This can be frm running r lifting weights. 23
Let Lse
Whether it be dancing, skipping r smething else, ur bdy shuld d whatever it feels like ding withut judgment. 24 Thus we will feel happy and relaxed.
Be Still
25 Yur bdy lves mvement. But we must find a few mments f stillness thrughut ur day. By devting urselves t mre stillness, we can find urselves mre at peace and less stressed even under hard circumstances.
A. Did yu regret ding it?
B. What des it really mean?
C. Dn’t give yurself t much pressure.
D. It shuld be as necessary as brushing yur teeth r taking a shwer.
E. Every activity invlves sme srt f mvement.
F. The playful nature helps bring ut the inner child and prmtes creativity and jy.
G. It desn’t matter which activity yu chse, s lng as yu bring intensity t that wrkut.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. G 24. F 25. E
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了微活动，即占用你不超过五分钟时间的活动。
21. 下文“Quite literally, it means “extremely small”. But in this article, a micr activity will refer t smething which takes up n mre than five minutes f yur time.(确切地说，它的意思是“非常小”。但在本文中，微活动指的是占用你不超过五分钟时间的活动。)”说明上文应该提出问题，微活动的含义是什么。B选项“What des it really mean?(这到底意味着什么？)”提出了问题，下文就给了解释。故选B.
22. 上文“Self-massaging shuld becme a part f yur daily musts.(自我按摩应该成为你日常必备的一部分。)”说明自我按摩非常重要。刷牙和洗澡是每个人必备的日常活动。D选项“It shuld be as necessary as brushing yur teeth r taking a shwer.(这应该和刷牙或洗澡一样必要。)”这里作者表面自我按摩对每个人而言要跟刷牙和洗澡一样每天都要进行。符合上文所说日常按摩要成为日常必需的一部分。故选D.
23. 上文“In less than five minutes, the gal is t break a sweat. This can be frm running r lifting weights.(在不到五分钟的时间里，我们的目标是流汗。这可能来自跑步或举重。)”说明微活动中的高强度运动的目标是让人们流汗。G选项“It desn’t matter which activity yu chse, s lng as yu bring intensity t that wrkut.(你选择哪项运动并不重要，只要你能给训练带来强度。)”符合上文作者说的无论你选择哪种活动，都需要能达到流汗的强度。故选G.
24. 根据下文“Thus we will feel happy and relaxed.(这样我们就会感到快乐和放松。)”可知，空格处的句子应该说到“什么事让我们感到快乐和放松”，所以F选项“The playful nature helps bring ut the inner child and prmtes creativity and jy.(顽皮的天性有助于激发内心的童心，促进创造力和快乐。)”填入空格处，和上文是顺接关系，符合语境。故选F.
25. 根据下文“Yur bdy lves mvement. But we must find a few mments f stillness thrughut ur day. (你的身体喜欢运动。但我们必须在一天中找到一些安静的时刻。)”和But说明前后是转折关系。说明身体热爱运动，每项活动都包含着身体的运动。但是也需要安静的时刻。所以，E选项“Every activity invlves sme srt f mvement.(每一项活动都涉及到某种运动。)”填入空格处，符号语境。故选E.
F
Sandstrms are amng the mst vilent natural disasters. High winds lift dirt r sand int the air, causing damage, injuries, and deaths. 26
27 If yu have a mask, put it n immediately. If yu dn’t have ne, wrap a piece f clth tightly arund yur head t prtect yur nse and muth.
Lk fr shelter(避难所). Even a parked car will d, s lng as it is ff the rad and nt in danger f getting hit. Sand will fly arund when it hits bjects. 28 If yu cannt get t shelter, try t stay lw t the grund and prtect yur head with yur arms, a backpack r a pillw.
Prtect yurself frm flying bjects. Lk fr a large rck t cver as much f yur bdy as pssible. 29 Flying sand can hurt, but a dust strm’s high winds can als carry heavier (mre dangerus) bjects.
Wait ut the strm. 30 It’s much t dangerus. Stay where yu are and wait fr it t pass befre yu attempt t mve t a different lcatin. If yu can quickly reach such shelter befre a dust strm reaches yu, get there as quickly as pssible and stay inside. Clse all windws and drs, and wait ut the strm.
A. Cver yur nse and muth.
B. Wait ther peple t help yu.
C. Staying ut is a better chice.
D. Dn’t try t mve thrugh the strm.
E. This can prtect yu frm flying sand.
F. S yu shuld still try t cver as much f yur skin and face as pssible.
G. It’s gd t knw what t d if yu see a wall f sand.
【答案】26. G 27. A 28. F 29. E 30. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了面对沙尘暴我们应该如何应对。
26. 前文“Sandstrms are amng the mst vilent natural disasters. High winds lift dirt r sand int the air, causing damage, injuries, and deaths. (沙尘暴是最严重的自然灾害之一。强风将泥土或沙子吹到空中，造成破坏、伤害和死亡。)”介绍沙尘暴的危害。结合选项，G项“如果你看到一堵沙墙，最好知道该怎么做。”承接上文，语意顺承，而且是对下文每段中心句提供的方法的总述。故选G。
27. 下文“If yu dn’t have ne, wrap a piece f clth tightly arund yur head t prtect yur nse and muth. (如果你没有口罩，用一块布紧紧裹住你的头，保护你的鼻子和嘴。)”介绍面对沙尘暴的做法。结合选项，A项“捂住口鼻。”为本段中心句，且和下文语意一致，且nse and muth是复现词。故选A。
28. 前文“Sand will fly arund when it hits bjects. (沙子碰到物体时会四处乱飞。)”介绍飞沙的情况。结合选项，F项“所以你还是应该尽可能多地遮住你的皮肤和脸。”承接上文，说明飞沙会造成伤害，所以作者给出建议。故选F。
29. 前文“Lk fr a large rck t cver as much f yur bdy as pssible. (找一块大石头，尽可能多地遮掩你的身体。)”给出具体建议。结合选项，E项“这可以保护你免受飞沙的伤害。”说明前文建议的好处。故选E。
30. 前文“Wait ut the strm. (等沙尘暴过去。)”为中心句，为作者给出的建议，结合下一句“ It’s much t dangerus.(这样做太危险)”。结合选项，D项“不要试图穿过风暴。”与中心句语意一致，后文的It指代“穿过风暴”这件事。故选D。
G
Accrding t A Guide fr Families by the American Academy f Child and Adlescent Psychiatry, children, preteens, and teens can lie fr varying reasns. 31 Their upsetting situatins culd include failing a class. and ther struggles with things abut themselves r fitting in with their peers.
32 . This is nt t say that lying is acceptable, but the less parents take it persnally, the mre they can calmly and cnstructively help their child. Children and teens wh fall int anxiety easily will use lying as an unhealthy cping strategy.
What shuld a parent r caregiver d? Try t keep in mind that kids can be quite self-absrbed and they ften dn’t understand hw hurtful lies can be. With this in mind, here are a few tips t help prmte truthfulness in yur child at any age.
33 If yu verreact, then yu are just building a barrier between yu and yur child, Calmly discuss r lecture abut hnesty and dishnesty and why they chse t lie. 34 Yur understanding may nt be able t stp yur teen frm creating thse everyday lies, but yu can cnvey that there are ther ptins available.
Keep in mind that addressing lying behaviurs is a prcess nt a quick fix. 35 But if yu keep yur wn emtin psitively, yur child r teen is mre likely t eventually pen up.
While in the shrt term yu may just get a shrug, keeping yurself calm t create a sense f emtinal safety will help yur vice f truth and reasn be heard thrughut their lives.
A. Get them t knw that yu understand them r their situatins.
B. Try t seek sme help frm experts wh understand them well.
C. Sme kids may take a while befre they feel safe t level with yu.
D. When I cach parents, I help them learn nt t take lies frm their kids persnally.
E. They try t avid getting int truble r lie because they are t upset t talk abut painful experiences.
F. Lying is nt nly harmful t kids then selves, but als it hurts peple arund them.
G. The best yu can d as a parent is t keep yurself frm verreacting t yur child’s lies.
【答案】31. E 32. D 33. G 34. A 35. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章为父母提供了如何帮助孩子改掉说谎的毛病，并使其变得更加坦诚的一些方法。
31. 上文“children, preteens, and teens can lie fr varying reasns.”(儿童、青春期前和青少年会因为各种各样的原因撒谎)提出孩子会因为种种原因撒谎，E选项的“They try t avid getting int truble r lie because they are t upset t talk abut painful experiences.”(他们试图避免陷入麻烦，或者因为他们太难过，不想谈论痛苦的经历而撒谎)承接上文，给出一些孩子撒谎的原因，上下文语意连贯，故选E。
32. 根据下文“This is nt t say that lying is acceptable,”(这不是说说谎是可以接受的)可推知，上文会表达类似“说谎是可以接受的”这一观点，D选项“When I cach parents, I help them learn nt t take lies frm their kids persnally.”(当我指导父母时，我帮助他们学会不要把孩子的谎言放在心上)表达了这样的意思，与下文构成转折关系，上下文语意连贯，故选D。
33. 根据下文“If yu verreact”(如果你过度反应)可知，话题与“过度反应”相关，G项“The best yu can d as a parent is t keep yurself frm verreacting t yur child’s lies.”(作为父母，你能做的最好的事情就是不要对孩子的谎言反应过度)与下文相呼应，上下文语意连贯，故选G。
34. 根据下文“Yur understanding may nt be able t stp yur teen frm creating thse everyday lies, but yu can cnvey that there are ther ptins available.”(你的理解可能无法阻止你的孩子制造那些日常谎言，但你可以传达出还有其他选择)可知，此处谈论的是理解的作用，A项“Get them t knw that yu understand them r their situatins”(让他们知道你理解他们或他们的处境。)，前后语义相承接，故选A。
35. 根据上文“Keep in mind that addressing lying behaviurs is a prcess nt a quick fix.”(请记住，解决撒谎行为是一个过程，而不是一个快速解决方案)可知，解决撒谎行为没有快速解决办法，C项“Sme kids may take a while befre they feel safe t level with yu.”(有些孩子可能需要一段时间才会觉得和你说实话是安全的)承接上文，指出需要时间，上下文语意连贯，故选C。
H
Fur Tips t Discver Yur True Passin
True passin is the emtin, feeling, and desire that arises ut f lve fr smething. It’s the frce that magnifies(放大) yur capabilities fr the benefit f excellent perfrmance. This is because it’s a pwerful mtivatin fr best perfrmance and everyne wants t get there. 36 Finding what yu’re passinate abut is a lng rad that requires effrt and the fllwing are sme useful tips.
Search yur childhd.
The purity and truth f yur being are in the early stages f life. T that end, ging back t the things yu lved back then is always an excellent indicatin f marked preferences. Did yu want t be a dctr? 37 These are all clues that begin t pint the way. While it’s true that children have several preferences in their early stages, it’s actually quite easy t figure ut which they priritize(优先考虑).
Experiment and discver.
Ding the same activities day after day clses any prbabilities t succeed in finding yur true passin. 38 This creates a trial-and-errr scenari(设想) that prmtes a psitive utcme in less time.
Fcus t find yur true passin.
Yu must frget abut the myth that ding what yu’re passinate abut will be easy and pleasant. This is because there’ll always be incnveniences in any activity yu undertake. Beynd that, dn’t lse fcus n the fact that these are temprary mments. 39
Remember that yur age desn’t matter.
40 Encuraging yurself t take the first step can be difficult due t sme f sciety’s bslete(被淘汰的) barriers. The truth is that yu must allw yurself t achieve and shw yur tastes leaving aside any bstacles, especially thse that are self-impsed(自己强加的). It’s never t late!
A. Were yu interested in insects?
B. Take a variety f curses each mnth.
C. D yu knw the meaning f passin?
D. Age isn’t necessary t find ut yur true passin.
E. Be calm while finding ut yur mtivatin.
F. It’s vital t figure ut what yu’re passinate abut.
G. Understanding this will make it easier t keep mtivated.
【答案】36. F 37. A 38. B 39. G 40. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了找到真正激情所在的方法。
36. 上文“True passin is the emtin, feeling, and desire that arises ut f lve fr smething. It’s the frce that magnifies (放大) yur capabilities fr the benefit f excellent perfrmance. This is because it’s a pwerful mtivatin fr best perfrmance and everyne wants t get there.(真正的激情是因爱某物而产生的情感、感觉和欲望。它是一种力量，可以放大你的能力，从而获得卓越的表现。这是因为它是一种强大的动力，可以让每个人都取得最好的成绩)”讲passin的作用和可以带来的好处，下文“Finding what yu’re passinate abut is a lng rad that requires effrt and the fllwing are sme useful tips.(找到你的激情所在是一条漫长的道路，需要付出努力，下面是一些有用的建议)”提出如何找到激情所在，F项“It’s vital t figure ut what yu’re passinate abut. (找出你的激情所在是至关重要的)”承上启下，因为激情能带来好处，所以要找到自己激情所在，从而引出下文的方法，符合上下文连贯。故选F项。
37. 根据上文“ging back t the things yu lved back then”可知，作者推荐回到童年去寻找自己喜欢的事情，A项“Were yu interested in insects?(你对昆虫感兴趣吗？)”和前一问题“Did yu want t be a dctr?(你想成为一名医生吗？)”都是童年兴趣时期儿童兴趣所在，同时，这两个问题也照应了下文“These are all clues”，符合上下文连贯。故选A项。
38. 上文“Ding the same activities day after day clses any prbabilities t succeed in finding yur true passin.(日复一日地做同样的事情，让你很难找到真正的激情)”讲重复的工作无法帮助我们找到激情，B项“Take a variety f curses each mnth.(每个月参加各种各样的课程)”提出了解决办法：学习各种各样的课程，避免重复，且同时与下文中“This creates a trial-and-errr scenari”相照应，符合上下文连贯。故选B项。
39. 上文“Yu must frget abut the myth that ding what yu’re passinate abut will be easy and pleasant. This is because there’ll always be incnveniences in any activity yu undertake. Beynd that, dn’t lse fcus n the fact that these are temprary mments. (你必须忘记那种认为做你热爱的事情会轻松愉快的说法。这是因为在你从事的任何活动中，总会有不便的地方。除此之外，不要忽视这样一个事实：这些都是短暂的时刻)”纠正了一些错误的观点，G项“Understanding this will make it easier t keep mtivated.(理解这一点会让你更容易保持动力)”说明明白这些道理后的结果，符合上下文连贯。故选G项。
40. 根据小标题“Remember that yur age desn’t matter.(记住，你的年龄并不重要)”可知，本段主要讲年龄不是问题，D项“Age isn’t necessary t find ut yur true passin.(找到你真正的激情，年龄并不是必要条件)”与段落主题一致，符合上下文连贯。故选D项。
I
These days when smene says a cmputer has a bug(小虫子) in it, usually they mean that there’s a prblem with ne f its prgrams. Maybe yur cmputer crashed when yu were in the middle f a game. 41
But back in the early days f cmputers, a wman named Grace Hpper was part f a team that discvered the very first cmputer bug.
42 She had been invited t help prgram a new cmputer, the jb f which was t quickly deal with the math prblems ships used t find their way. 43 Then it translated the patterns f hles int the math prblems it was suppsed t slve.
One afternn in 1947 Hpper and her team were running a prgram. But the cmputer wasn’t giving them the right results. 44 They finally ended up taking the cmputer apart, lking fr prblems. What did they find? It was a mth(飞蛾)! The mth was blcking sme f the hles in the paper— 45 Sme peple think Hpper was the first persn t use the wrd “debug” t mean “get rid f the prblems in a cmputer”.
A. What culd be wrng?
B. Hpper was a mathematician.
C. Wh had perated the cmputer?
D. Hpper was a hardwrking scientist.
E. She thught it was funny that it was a real ne.
F. Or yu gt an errr message when yu tried t g t a website.
G. The cmputer wrked by reading instructins frm a lng piece f paper with hles in it.
【答案】41. F 42. B 43. G 44. A 45. E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们，有些人认为Hpper是第一个使用“debug”这个词的人，意思是“摆脱电脑中的问题”。现在，当有人说电脑里有一个漏洞时，通常他们的意思是说它的一个程序有问题。
41. 上文提到“也许你的电脑在游戏中崩溃了。”承接上文，F项 Or yu gt an errr message when yu tried t g t a website.“或者当你试图去一个网站的时候，你收到了一条错误信息。”切题。该项中的r将上下文串联在一起。故选F项。
42. 下文提到“她被邀请去帮助编写一台新电脑，这项工作的任务是快速处理船只用来寻找道路的数学问题。”承接下文，B项Hpper was a mathematician.“Hpper是一个数学家”切题。该项中的a mathematician与下文的the math prblems相吻合。故选B项。
43. 上文提到“”她被邀请去帮助编写一台新电脑，这项工作的任务是快速处理船只用来寻找道路的数学问题”。承接上文，G项The cmputer wrked by reading instructins frm a lng piece f paper with hles in it.“这台电脑的工作原理是阅读一张上面有洞长纸上的说明。”切题。该项中的The cmputer正好特指上文提到的a new cmputer。故选G项。
44. 下文提到“他们最终把电脑拆开，寻找问题。”承接下文，A项What culd be wrng?“出什么错了吗”切题。该项中的wrng与下文的prblems相吻合。故选A项。
45. 上文提到“那是一只蛾子！这只蛾子挡住了纸上的一些洞。”承接上文，E项She thught it was funny that it was a real ne.“她认为这是真的很有趣。”切题。故选E项。
J
The Lantern Festival, a traditinal Chinese festival, is celebrated n the 15th day f the first lunar mnth. And it falls n Tuesday this year. 46 The day leads t the first full mn night f the year, and is als the night when the earth returns t spring.
It was als a rmantic festival in ancient China, prviding an pprtunity fr unmarried men and wmen t meet. 47 But during the Lantern Festival, it is a traditin that all peple? including thse yung wmen，cme ut fr lantern shws. Peple hang lanterns everywhere, in their huse r in the streets, which depict varius characters, like flying birds, leaping fishes, and shining firewrks, shwing an atmsphere f jy. 48 .
Anther activity，guessing the answers t lantern riddles，gave yung peple a chance t interact with each ther and knw mre abut each ther. Fr thusands f years, there have been numerus lve stries riginating during the Lantern Festival.
Besides watching lanterns and guessing the answers t lantern riddles，there are many ther traditins fr the festival.
1. Dragn lantern dance
49 At the festival, peple perfrm dragn lantern dances and lk frward t this year’s gd weather and peace.
2. Lin Dances
It is similar t the dragn lantern dance，delivering gd wishes and gd luck.
3. Eating yuanxia
Eating yuanxia n Lantern Festival is anther traditin. 50 The stuffing includes bean paste, sugar，hawthrn varius kinds f fruit and s n. It can be biled, fried r steamed t eat.
A. Chinese peple regard the dragn as a symbl f gd luck.
B. Here is a guide fr yu t spend a happy I intern Festival.
C. Yuanxia is made f glutinus rice, either slid r stuffed.
D. Almst all peple will cme ut and appreciate the beautiful scene.
E. As a traditinal fd, YuanXia appeals t a lt f peple.
F. In ancient times, yung wmen, especially daughters f respected families, hardly stepped ut their huses.
G. It is a cntinuatin f celebrating the Spring Festival.
【答案】46. G 47. F 48. D 49. A 50. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了中国的元宵节。
46. 由上句“The Lantern Festival, a traditinal Chinese festival, is celebrated n the 15th day f the first lunar mnth. And it falls n Tuesday this year”可知，元宵节是中国的传统节日，农历正月十五是元宵节。今年元宵节是星期二。所以小题1要承接上文，在时间上说明它是新年的延续。故G选项“它是庆祝春节的延续”切题。故选G项。
47. 由下句“But during the Lantern Festival, it is a traditin that all peple including thse yung wmen，cme ut fr lantern shws”可知，但是在元宵节，这是所有人的传统，包括未出嫁的女子都要出来观花灯。所以通过“but”可以判读出，所以小题2要与后一句为转折关系。故F选项“在古代，年轻的女子，特别是大家闺秀，很少走出家门”切题。故选F项。
48. 由上句“Peple hang lanterns everywhere, in their huse r in the streets, which depict varius characters, like flying birds, leaping fishes, and shining firewrks, shwing an atmsphere f jy”可知，人们在家里或街上到处挂上灯笼，上面画着飞鸟、飞鱼、焰火等各种各样的人物，表现出欢乐的气氛。所以小题3要总结性地说明几乎所有的人都会出来欣赏这美丽的景色以此说明元宵节的热闹场面。故D选项“几乎所有的人都会出来欣赏这美丽的景色”切题。故选D项。
49. 由标题“ Dragn lantern dance”可知，本段在介绍元宵节的活动之一龙灯舞。所以小题4要说明龙在中国文化中的象征意义。故A选项“中国人把龙视为吉祥的象征”切题。故选A项。
50. 由下句“The stuffing includes bean paste, sugar，hawthrn and varius kinds f fruit and s n”可知，馅料包括豆沙、糖、山楂等各种水果。所以小题5要说明元宵的皮儿是什么制成的和后一句一同说明元宵的组成。故C选项“元宵是用糯米做成的，要么是实心的，要么是馅的。”切题。故选C项。
K
(2023浙江宁波高一上期末)An earthquake happens when tw plates rub tgether. The earth plates travel in different directins and at different speeds. 51 In ther wrds, earthquakes are the shaking f the earth’s surface caused by the earth’s rcky uter layer. The energy stred within is suddenly released.
The damage an earthquake causes depends n where it is and when it is happening. If an unppulated regin is struck, there will be lw lss f life r prperty. 52 Many f the areas at risk are largely ppulated nw. Majr earthquakes hitting thse areas tday culd prduce terrible damage.
53 Frtunately, hwever, mst f them are unnticed t the public because f the small Richter scale(震级). But large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 n the Richter scale, can cause millins f dllars in damage.
54 In 1972, a series f severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still lked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the city was in such a mess that it didn’t have the mney necessary t rebuild it.
The shaking f the earth is smetimes nt the greatest disaster. 55 In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majrity f the damage. An earthquake can als destry dams high abve a city r valleys, causing flds t sweep away everything in their path.
A. Actually, there are several millin small earthquakes every year.
B. It is in the fires and flds that ften the greatest damage ccurs.
C. Thrughut histry, there are numerus destructive big earthquakes.
D. If it hits a large city, there may be many injuries and much destructin.
E. S it is f great imprtance t predict the mvements f the earth plates.
F. If ne plate is slwly frced under the ther, pressure builds up until the plates break apart.
G. The destructive damage f an earthquake can cntinue fr years after the first shake.
【答案】51. F 52. D 53. A 54. G 55. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了地震形成的原因、影响等。
51. 由上文“An earthquake happens when tw plates rub tgether. The earth plates travel in different directins and at different speeds. (当两个板块相互摩擦时，就会发生地震。地球板块以不同的方向和速度运动。)”可知，本空要说跟“运动导致地震”有关的话题，故F选项“If ne plate is slwly frced under the ther, pressure builds up until the plates break apart. (如果一个板块被慢慢压在另一个板块下面，压力就会积聚起来，直到板块破裂。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
52. 由下文“Many f the areas at risk are largely ppulated nw. Majr earthquakes hitting thse areas tday culd prduce terrible damage. (许多面临风险的地区现在人口众多。今天袭击这些地区的大地震可能会造成可怕的破坏。)”可知，本空要说跟“大地震袭击人口众多地区”有关的话题，故D选项“If it hits a large city, there may be many injuries and much destructin. (如果它袭击一个大城市，可能会有很多人受伤和造成很大破坏。)”能引起下文，也能与上文“If an unppulated regin is struck, there will be lw lss f life r prperty.(如果一个无人居住的地区被袭击，生命或财产损失将很低)”形成对比。故选D。
53. 由下文“Frtunately, hwever, mst f them are unnticed t the public because f the small Richter scale (震级). But large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 n the Richter scale, can cause millins f dllars in damage. (然而，幸运的是，由于里氏震级较小，大多数地震都没有引起公众的注意。但是像1964年阿拉斯加9.2级地震这样的大地震会造成数百万美元的损失。)”可知，本空要说跟“小地震”有关的话题，故A选项“Actually, there are several millin small earthquakes every year. (事实上，每年都有几百万次小地震。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选A。
54. 由下文“In 1972, a series f severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still lked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the city was in such a mess that it didn’t have the mney necessary t rebuild it. (1972年，尼加拉瓜的马那瓜发生了一系列强烈地震。15年后，这座城市仍然是地震发生后一周的样子，因为这座城市一团糟，没有必要的资金来重建它。)”可知，本空要说跟“地震后持续数年的影响”有关的话题，故G选项“The destructive damage f an earthquake can cntinue fr years after the first shake. (地震的毁灭性破坏可能在第一次地震后持续数年。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选G。
55. 由下文“In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majrity f the damage. An earthquake can als destry dams high abve a city r valleys, causing flds t sweep away everything in their path. (在1906年的地震中，造成最大损失的是地震后引发的大火。地震还可以摧毁城市或山谷上方的大坝，引发洪水，席卷所到之处的一切。)”可知，本空要说跟“地震引发的火灾和洪水的破坏”有关的话题，故B选项“It is in the fires and flds that ften the greatest damage ccurs. (火灾和洪水往往造成最大的破坏。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选B。
L
(2023广东珠海高一上阶段练习)A tsunami is an extremely large wave in the sea caused by an earthquake at the sea bed. The fllwing safety tips may help yu deal with it.
Befre the tsunami
Knw the warning signs f a tsunami: rapidly rising r falling castal waters, a lud nise frm the cean, r rumblings f an earthquake. “If peple alng the Indian Ocean castline n December 26, 2004, were aware f these natural warnings, fewer peple wuld have died.” says an expert. 56 And yu’d better map yur evacuatin(疏散) rute.
During the tsunami
● If yu’re in a tsunami area and there is an earthquake, first drp t the flr, cver yur head and neck, and hld n t smething stable. 57
● 58 “Listen t the authrities, but d nt wait fr tsunami warnings and evacuatin rders,” suggests the U.S. site Ready.gv.
● Peple ften mistake the distance they have t g t be safe. “Many peple think they’ve gt t g miles,” Richards says. “ 59 ” If yu’re a visitr staying in a tall cncrete htel, he adds, ging abve the furth flr likely will be safer than evacuating.
● Stay put in a safe area until an fficial all-clear is given. The first wave may nt be the last r the strngest and the danger can last fr hurs r even days.
After the tsunami
First, stay clear f damaged r flded areas and dwned pwer lines. Meanwhile, listen fr further alerts and instructins abut evacuatin znes and shelters. 60 Phne systems are likely t be dwn r busy at that time.
A. But it might be just right behind Jhnny’s huse.
B. But they can als cme back as sn as pssible.
C. If yu’re in a lw-lying area, mve inland as sn as pssible.
D. Take the warnings seriusly, and strictly fllw the requirements.
E. Listen fr fficial warnings, but als listen and watch fr natural signs.
F. Besides, yu shuld be familiar with yur gvernment’s warning system.
G. Yu’d better use texts and scial media t cmmunicate with lved nes.
【答案】56. F 57. C 58. E 59. A 60. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在海啸发生之前、之中、之后的一些安全建议。
56. 前文“‘If peple alng the Indian Ocean castline n December 26, 2004, were aware f these natural warnings, fewer peple wuld have died.’ says an expert.(一位专家表示：‘如果2004年12月26日印度洋沿岸的人们意识到这些自然警告，死亡人数就会减少。’)”举例讲述了自然警告有助于降低伤害，后文“And yu’d better map yur evacuatin(疏散) rute.(你最好画出撤离路线。)”讲述了画撤离路线的作用，所以空处应讲述其他在海啸来临之前能够采取的措施，F项“此外，你应该熟悉政府的预警系统。”符合题意。故选F。
57. 前文“If yu’re in a tsunami area and there is an earthquake, first drp t the flr, cver yur head and neck, and hld n t smething stable.(如果你在海啸地区，并且发生了地震，首先趴在地板上，盖住你的头和脖子，抓住稳定的东西。)”讲述了在发生了地震的海啸地区应该采取的做法，空处应讲述在其他地方应该怎么做，C项“如果你在低洼地区，尽快向内陆移动。”符合题意，选项中的If yu’re in a lw-lying area和前文的If yu’re in a tsunami area and there is an earthquake相照应。故选C。
58. 根据后文“‘Listen t the authrities, but d nt wait fr tsunami warnings and evacuatin rders,’ suggests the U.S. site Ready.gv.(美国网站Ready.gv建议：‘听取当局的意见，但不要等待海啸警报和疏散命令。’)”可知，这里应是说在听取官方警告的同时也要注意自然迹象，E项“倾听官方警告，但也要倾听和注意自然迹象。”符合题意。故选E。
59. 前文“Peple ften mistake the distance they have t g t be safe. ‘Many peple think they’ve gt t g miles,’ Richards says.(人们经常误会他们必须走的安全距离。Richards说：‘很多人认为他们必须走好几英里。’)”讲述了人们经常误以为自己要走很远才能到安全地带，空处应讲述真实的情况可能与其相反，A项“但它可能就在Jhnny的房子后面。”符合题意。故选A。
60. 后文“Phne systems are likely t be dwn r busy at that time.(此时，电话系统可能会出现故障或繁忙。)”讲述了海啸之后电话系统可能有故障或者线路繁忙，所以空处应和通讯有关，G项“你最好使用短信和社交媒体与所爱的人交流。”符合题意。故选G。
M
Hw t Survive a Tsunami
A tsunami is a series f destructive and dangerus waves that are typically caused by earthquakes. If yu live in a tsunami hazard regin, make sure yu knw what t d in the unfrtunate event f a tsunami. 61
1. Evacuate n ft if pssible.
Bridges and rads might be damaged r blcked after an earthquake. Whether there is an fficial tsunami warning r yu live in a tsunami hazard zne and an earthquake just happened, immediately start mving n ft. 62 This helps yu avid getting stuck in a car in a dangerus lcatin.
2. 63
In sme cases, yu might nt have time t evacuate. If yu dn’t have time t get away, g up t a third flr r higher in a strng building. Even better, try t get n the rf f the tallest, strngest building yu can find. If yu’re right n the cast, there might be a tall tsunami evacuatin twer nearby. Lk fr evacuatin rute signs and fllw them t the twer, then climb t the tp.
3. Grab smething flating if yu’re in the water.
This can help keep yu safe if yu get caught by a tsunami’s waves. 64 Grab the bject and hld n tightly while yu get carried by the waves.
4. 65
Tsunami activity can cntinue fr up t 8 hurs r lnger. Stay away frm the cast and n high grund fr this perid t play it safe. Listen t annuncements frm fficials and nly mve when they say it’s safe t d s.
Yu may be stressed ut and wrried abut lved nes, but yu must stay where yu are and try t remain calm. Dn’t put yur life at risk t try t meet up with smene in anther area.
A. Lk fr a bat t stay n.
B. Walk r run twards safety quickly.
C. Stay in yur safe spt fr at least 8 hurs.
D. Climb t the tp f a building if yu are trapped.
E. Here are sme ways t react and survive a tsunami.
F. Lk fr smething strng like a tree, a dr r a life raft.
G. Jin the rescue team in rder t search fr yur lved nes.
【答案】61. E 62. B 63. D 64. F 65. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在海啸中生存的方法。
61. 上文“If yu live in a tsunami hazard regin, make sure yu knw what t d in the unfrtunate event f a tsunami.(如果你生活在海啸危险地区，一定要知道万一发生海啸该怎么办)”说明你应该知道应对海啸的方法，E项“以下是一些应对海啸并在海啸中幸存下来的方法。”承接上文，并引出下文各个段落的内容，符合题意。故选E。
62. 上文“Whether there is an fficial tsunami warning r yu live in a tsunami hazard zne and an earthquake just happened, immediately start mving n ft.(无论是有官方海啸警报，还是你生活在海啸危险区，刚刚发生地震，都要立即开始步行移动)”说明当海啸来临时，你应该采用步行的方式，B项“快速走或跑向安全地带。”进一步介绍应该步行前往安全地带，引出下文“这有助于你避免在危险的地方被困在车里。”，B项承上启下，符合题意。故选B。
63. 下文“If yu dn’t have time t get away, g up t a third flr r higher in a strng building. Even better, try t get n the rf f the tallest, strngest building yu can find. If yu’re right n the cast, there might be a tall tsunami evacuatin twer nearby. Lk fr evacuatin rute signs and fllw them t the twer, then climb t the tp.(如果你没有时间离开，就去一栋坚固的建筑的三楼或更高的地方。更好的是，试着爬上你能找到的最高、最坚固的建筑的屋顶。如果你正好在海岸边，附近可能有一座很高的海啸疏散塔。寻找疏散路线标志，并跟随它们到达塔楼，然后爬到顶部)”说明被困时，要爬到高的地方或者建筑物的顶部，D项“如果你被困了，就爬到建筑物的顶部。”引出下文内容，可以作为段落标题句。故选D。
64. 上文“Grab smething flating if yu’re in the water.(如果你在水里，抓一些漂浮的东西)”说明如果已经在水里，你应该抓着一些漂浮的东西，F项“寻找像树、门或救生筏这样坚固的东西。”举例说明可以抓住的漂浮的东西有什么，承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
65. 下文“Tsunami activity can cntinue fr up t 8 hurs r lnger. Stay away frm the cast and n high grund fr this perid t play it safe.(海啸活动可能持续长达8小时或更长时间。在此期间，请远离海岸，待在高地以确保安全)”说明海啸持续的时长，你应该在此期间远离海岸，待在高地以确保安全，C项“在你的安全地点至少待8个小时。”引出下文内容，可以作为段落标题句，符合题意。故选C。
N
Hw t Survive a Tsunami n the Beach
The wrd tsunami is frm Japanese. It describes a series f waves that can reach ver 100 feet tall and travel at speeds up t 600 miles per hur acrss the sea. A single wave in a tsunami can be quite lng, as much as 60 miles, causing great damage. 66
Yur best chance fr surviving a tsunami n a beach is t pay attentin t the warning signs, stay away frm the shre after an earthquake, and get t high land. Then wait fr infrmatin frm disaster respnse grups.
67 With yur family, discuss hw yu’ll reach the evacuatin area (紧急疏散区) as sn as pssible.
The sner yu knw a tsunami is cming the better yur chance f making it t higher grund. 68
·Head fr high grund, get at least 100 feet abve sea level.
· 69
·Dn’t swim against the current.
As yu learn hw t survive a tsunami, remember the first wave in a series f waves is the smallest and weakest. 70 If yu’re in a bat at the beach, head ut int the cean. Yu’ll stand a better chance away f survival away frm the shreline.
A. That’s why it’s crucial t knw hw t survive a Tsunami.
B. Grab smething like a tree r smething that flat, like a raft.
C. The waves fllwing an earthquake may cntinue fr hurs r up t a day.
D. That’s why it’s essential t learn the early warning signs t survive a tsunami.
E. If it’s t late, and the water’s already rising, here’s what t d in a tsunami.
F. Yur best chance fr surviving a tsunami n a beach is t pay attentin t the warning signs.
G. Whether yu’re visiting r living in a tsunami zne, learn where the clsest place is ut f the tsunami’s reach.
【答案】66. A 67. G 68. E 69. B 70. F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何在海滩上躲避海啸。
66. 根据前文“The wrd tsunami is frm Japanese. It describes a series f waves that can reach ver 100 feet tall and travel at speeds up t 600 miles per hur acrss the sea. A single wave in a tsunami can be quite lng, as much as 60 miles, causing great damage. (海啸这个词来自日语。它描述了一系列海浪，可以达到100英尺高，以每小时600英里的速度穿越大海。海啸中的单个波浪可以很长，长达60英里，造成巨大的破坏。)”可知，此处是指海啸非常可怕，所以学会如何在海啸中幸存下来非常重要，所以选项A“这就是为什么知道如何在海啸中生存是至关重要的。”切合文意。故选A。
67. 根据后文“With yur family, discuss hw yu’ll reach the evacuatin area (紧急疏散区) as sn as pssible. (和你的家人商量怎样才能尽快到达疏散区。)”可知，此处是指要事先了解海啸的紧急疏散区，所以选项G“无论你是在海啸灾区旅游还是居住，都要了解离海啸最近的地方在哪里。”切合文意。故选G。
68. 根据前文“The sner yu knw a tsunami is cming the better yur chance f making it t higher grund. (你越早知道海啸即将来临，你就越有可能逃到高处。)”和后文“Head fr high grund, get at least 100 feet abve sea level. (前往高地，至少在海平面以上100英尺。)”可知，此处是指如果已经晚了应该做什么，所以选项E“如果太晚了，而海水已经在上涨，下面是在海啸中该做的事情。”切合文意。故选E。
69. 根据前文“Head fr high grund, get at least 100 feet abve sea level. (前往高地，至少在海平面以上100英尺。)”和后文“Dn’t swim against the current. (不要逆水游泳。)”可知，此处是指海水已经在上涨时在海啸中该做的事情，且应用祈使句，所以选项B“找一些像树或者像木筏一样可以漂浮的东西。”切合文意。故选B。
70. 根据前文“As yu learn hw t survive a tsunami, remember the first wave in a series f waves is the smallest and weakest. (当你学习如何在海啸中生存时，记住在一系列海浪中，第一波是最小和最弱的。)”和后文“If yu’re in a bat at the beach, head ut int the cean. Yu’ll stand a better chance away f survival away frm the shreline. (如果你在海滩上的船上，那就驶向大海。离开海岸线，你的生存机会更大。)”可知，此处是指如果在海滩上就要注意警报从而可以在第一波海浪中驶离海岸线，所以选项F“Yur best chance fr surviving a tsunami n a beach is t pay attentin t the warning signs. (在海滩上躲过海啸的最好机会就是注意警告信号。)”切合文意。故选F。
O
A fld can develp slwly, ver time r rapidly, as in the case f flash flds which can develp in just a few minutes and withut signs f rain.
71 This is the first thing that a persn shuld d. It is unwise t just depend n histry t decide whether yur area is at risk f flding.
Create an evacuatin plan in case yu have t evacuate yur hme. Pay attentin t the safe areas yu can g t. Prepare fd kits fr natural disasters that yu can easily take with yu if yu have t leave yur huse. 72
If there is a pssibility f a flash fld, leave yur hme and mve t higher grund at nce. D nt wait fr instructins t mve. Evacuatin may als cause a shrtage in the fd supply. 73 T survive, ne must depend n fd strage.
While evacuating, avid walking thrugh mving water. Even six inches f mving water can make yu fall. If yu have t walk in water, walk where the water is nt mving. 74
D nt drive int flded areas. If fldwaters rise arund yur car, abandn (舍弃) the car and mve t higher grund, when water is nt mving r nt mre than a few inches deep. 75 If yur car is trapped in rapidly mving water, stay in the car. If the water is rising inside the car, mve n t the rf (顶部).
A. They dn’t knw where t lk fr shelter.
B. Yu and the car can be swept away quickly.
C. Use a stick t check the grund in frnt f yu.
D. Be aware if the area yu’re at is at risk f a fld.
E. There is n telling when anther fld may happen.
F. It wuld help t stre fd fr emergency situatins.
G. During these cnditins, hunger becmes a very real prblem.
【答案】71. D 72. F 73. G 74. C 75. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在洪水来临时人们应该如何自救。
71. 根据后文的“This is the first thing that a persn shuld d.(这是一个人应该做的第一件事。)”可知，D项(注意你所在的地区是否有洪水的危险。)与下文连接通顺，this指代的是D项提到的“注意发生洪水的风险”。故选D项。
72. 根据前文的“Prepare fd kits fr natural disasters that yu can easily take with yu if yu have t leave yur huse. (准备好应对自然灾害的食物包，如果你必须离开你的房子，你可以很容易地随身携带。)”可知，F项(这将有助于为紧急情况储存食物。)承接上文，指出了准备好应急食物包可以应对突发的自然灾害。故选F项。
73. 根据前文的“Evacuatin may als cause a shrtage in the fd supply. (疏散也可能导致食物供应短缺。)”和下文的“T survive, ne must depend n fd strage.(为了生存，一个人必须依靠食物的储存。)”可知，G项(在这种情况下，饥饿成为一个非常现实的问题。)与上文为因果关系，说明了疏散带来的食物不足会导致饥饿的发生，下文针对“饥饿”提出了储存食物的必要性。故选G项。
74. 根据前文的“Even six inches f mving water can make yu fall. If yu have t walk in water, walk where the water is nt mving.(即使是6英寸深的流水也会让你跌倒。如果你必须在水里走，走在水不流动的地方。)”可知，C项(用一根棍子检查你前面的地面。)承接上文，进一步指出如何在水中安全地前进。故选C项。
75. 根据前文的“D nt drive int flded areas. If fldwaters rise arund yur car, abandn the car and mve t higher grund, when water is nt mving r nt mre than a few inches deep. (不要开车进入被洪水淹没的地方。如果洪水在你的车周围上涨，在水不动或不超过几英寸深的时候，放弃汽车并转移到更高的地方。)”和后文的“ If yur car is trapped in rapidly mving water, stay in the car. If the water is rising inside the car, mve n t the rf.(如果你的车被困在快速流动的水中，呆在车里。如果车里的水在上升，那就爬到车顶上去。)”可知，B项(你和车很快就会被冲走。)承接上文，说明车在进入水淹区后，如果不能及时撤离会出现连人带车被冲走的情况，下文举例说明水流很急的情况下，被困的人应该怎么办。故选B项。
P
Landslides ccur when large amunts f wet debris(碎片), including rcks, earth, and trees, slide dwn a slpe(斜坡). They may ccur as a result f fires, earthquakes, vlcanic eruptins, strms, r human activities. Landslides are particularly dangerus because they strike suddenly, mve at extremely high speeds, and travel lng distances. Althugh landslides are ften difficult t predict, yu can prepare fr a landslide. 76
1. Keep yurself alert and awake. Landslides can ccur quite suddenly, s yu need t be ready t take actin at a mment’s ntice. Many landslide-related deaths ccur while peple are asleep. 77
2. 78 Yur lcal cmmunity shuld have a designated(指定的) public shelter. G t the shelter if yur hme is unsafe r the authrities have called fr an evacuatin(疏散).
3. Cntact lcal fficials abut past landslides. Landslides tend t happen in the same area where they have ccurred befre. 79 If yu are in an at-risk area, cnsider getting a site analysis f yur prperty. This will help yu determine any necessary crrective measures.
4. Make an emergency kit(工具箱). 80 Make yur kit in advance s it is ready at a mment’s ntice. Yur kit shuld cntain enugh fd and water t last fr at least 72 hurs, as well as supplies like medicatins, flashlights, batteries, cell phnes, cpies f persnal dcuments, and cash.
A. Ntice unusual sunds.
B. G t a public shelter.
C. Here are sme tips which can help yu.
D. Talk t lcal fficials abut landslides in yur area.
E. In the event f a landslide r ther emergency, chse a place.
F. If yu are with ther peple, wrk tgether t keep ne anther awake.
G. An emergency kit cntains the essentials that yur husehld will need during an emergency.
【答案】76. C 77. F 78. B 79. D 80. G
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是关于应对滑坡发生的一些建议。
76. 根据前文“Althugh landslides are ften difficult t predict, yu can prepare fr a landslide.(虽然滑坡通常很难预测，但你可以为滑坡做好准备。)”可知，虽然山体滑坡很难预测，但是可以为滑坡做一些准备工作。后文应该给出一些具体的建议。C选项“Here are sme tips which can help yu.(这里有一些建议可以帮助你。)”承上启下，引起下文针对滑坡给出的具体建议，符合语境。故选C。
77. 根据前文“Keep yurself alert and awake. (让自己保持警觉和清醒。)”以及“Many landslide-related deaths ccur while peple are asleep. (许多与山体滑坡有关的死亡发生在人们睡着的时候。)”可知，很多山体滑坡发生的时候都是人们在睡着的时候，因此此处提出的建议是要保持清醒和警觉。F选项“If yu are with ther peple, wrk tgether t keep ne anther awake.(如果你和其他人在一起，一起努力让彼此保持清醒。)”承接前文，指出在山体滑坡时候要让自己和他人都保持清醒，符合语境。故选F。
78. 根据后文“Yur lcal cmmunity shuld have a designated (指定的) public shelter. G t the shelter if yur hme is unsafe r the authrities have called fr an evacuatin (疏散).(你所在的社区应该有一个指定的公共避难所。如果你的家不安全，或者当局要求疏散，就去避难所。)”可知，本段强调的是如果山体滑坡发生的时候，可以到指定的公共避难所寻求避难。B选项“G t a public shelter. (去公共避难所。)”概括本段段旨，符合语境。故选B。
79. 根据前文“Cntact lcal fficials abut past landslides. Landslides tend t happen in the same area where they have ccurred befre.(联系当地官员了解过去的山体滑坡情况。滑坡往往发生在以前发生过的同一地区。)”可知，可以通过联系当地官员了解过去的山体滑坡情况。D选项“Talk t lcal fficials abut landslides in yur area. (和当地官员谈谈你所在地区的山体滑坡。)”承接前文，指出通过和当地官员谈谈了解山体滑坡的情况，符合语境。故选D。
80. 根据前文“Make an emergency kit (工具箱). (准备一个急救箱。)”可知，本段给出的建议是山体滑坡之前准备一个急救箱。G选项“An emergency kit cntains the essentials that yur husehld will need during an emergency.(一个应急包包含了家庭在紧急情况下需要的必需品。)”承接前文，指出急救箱中应该包含的必需品，符合语境。故选G。