北京市部分区2021-2022学年高三上学期期末英语试题汇编：阅读表达+

这是一份北京市部分区2021-2022学年高三上学期期末英语试题汇编：阅读表达+，共13页。
北京市部分区2021-2022学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编阅读表达北京市丰台区2021-2022学年上学期期末考试高三英语试卷第一节（共 4 小题;第 40、41 题各2 分, 第 42 题3分, 第 43题5分, 共 12 分）阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 When 16-year-old Violet Brill looks out her window, she doesn't see only grass and tees—she sees a great meal. Her father, famous plant expert Steve "Wildman" Brill, carried her along on his foraging（觅食） tours from the time she was a little girl. In the past decade or so, a renewed interest in foraging for edible（可食用的plants has begun to appear an interest that has truly blossomed recently. " think we've had a lot of time to get outdoors, and look around, "says Adele Nozedar, author of  Foraging for Kids. "There is rapid growth in foraging in the past year. "Kids are natural-born foragers. Take them out into the woods and they’ll happily gather fallen leaves, or root around in the undergrowth for hidden treasures. Foraging is definitely a gateway to nature. Kids learn quickly that it's not just a bunch of green stuff outside. All those plants have a purpose. And by encouraging a love of nature, foraging also encourages a love of the environment. "Having a strong connection to the land means you're more likely to protect it, says Dave Hamilton, author of Family Foraging. "And you can't get much more connected to the land than eating from it. "Plus, foraging brings good news for parents of picky eaters: When kids search for and pick their own food, they're more likely to be invested in it. Foraging for wild edibles encourages kids to try new, nutritious foods—especially kids who tend to turn their noses up at the vegetables on their plates. For instance, Hamilton remembers taking a group of boys camping and asking them to gather enough lambs quarters for dinner. They came back with three days worth of the greens, which he turned into a pesto（青酱）. "They absolutely loved it, "he says. "There's something empowering about finding your own food, especially for kids. "40. What interest has begun to appear recently?41. According to Dave, what is the benefit of foraging?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Parents of picky eaters welcome foraging because the foraged foods are new and nutritious. 43. In addition to the benefits mentioned in this passage, what do you think are some other benefits of foraging?(In about 40 words) 北京市海淀区2021-2022学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域作答。Leonardo Da Vinci was a genius: wildly imaginative, passionately curious and creative across multiple disciplines—painting, architecture, aeronautics, and engineering. Yet oddly the word “genius” minimizes him by making it seem as if he were touched by lightning.His early biographer made this mistake: “Sometimes, in a supernatural fashion, a single person is gifted by heaven with beauty, grace, and talent in such abundance that seems that his every act is divine(天赐的)”. In fact, the self-taught Leonardo’s genius was shaped by his own will and ambition. It did not come from being the divine recipient, like Newton or Einstein. Part of what made Leonardo a genius, what set him apart from people who are merely extraordinarily smart, was creativity. His talent for combining observation with fantasy allowed him to make unexpected leaps that related things seen to things unseen. Leonardo was also a very human genius. He made mistakes. He left a trail of unfinished projects, flying machines that never flew, tanks that never rolled. “Tell me if ever I did a thing…Tell me if anything was ever made.”His flawed humanity makes Leonardo more accessible. Even though we may never be able to match his talents, we can learn from him and try to be more like him. His life offers a wealth of lessons. Seek knowledge for its own sake. Not all knowledge needs to be useful. Sometimes it should be pursued for pure pleasure. Leonardo did not need to know how heart valves work to paint the Mona Lisa, nor did he need to figure out how fossils got to the top of mountains to produce Virgin of the Rocks. By allowing himself to be driven by pure curiosity, he got to explore more horizons and see more connections.Keep a childlike sense of wonder. At a certain point in life, most of us quit puzzling over everyday phenomena. We might savor the beauty of a blue sky, but we no longer bother to wonder why it is that color. Leonardo did.Be curious, observe things, see things unseen, respect facts, be open to mystery...We can never learn enough from Leonardo.40. What set Da Vinci apart from people who are merely extraordinarily smart?41. Why was Da Vinci regarded as a very human genius?42. Please paraphrase the underlined sentence in Paragraph 143. Which quality of Da Vinci’s do you appreciate most? How can it benefit you in your life?（In about 40 words） 北京市西城区2021-2022学年上学期期末考试高三英语试卷第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分， 共12 分）     阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。     From the cheeky sound of a whoopee cushion to a spring-loaded spider rocketing from a glass, pranks (恶作剧) are a popular way of making fun of others and getting a laugh. While some experts point out potential negatives, pranking can also decrease stress, raise a smile, and strengthen relationships. It’s little wonder that best-selling children’s author Matt Stanton has shaped his latest book around pranks for young jokesters. Part of his Funny Kid book series, Prank Aliens, is about a boy named Max who is searching for the greatest prank of all time. Stanton said that pranking in the home can build strong relationships between parents and kids.  “Some of the best relationship-building moments I have with my own kids are when I enter into their space,” Stanton said. “An adult joining in their games can be surprising for kids and bring wonderful moments of joy. It’s a great way to demonstrate to our kids that we can laugh at ourselves and still feel loved and secure,” he added. But playing tricks can come with unintended consequences, said psychiatrist Mark Cross. Pranks that are intended to harm or embarrass can anger the target and even ruin a relationship. However, Cross also added “Pranking can be good when the outcome is laughter for everyone, including the pranked person. It can be a great release of stress. When you laugh, you breathe deeper, which helps ease anxiety.”  So why not try some pranks? Wrapping vegetables and shoes up as presents for kids on their birthdays always gets a great reaction. Putting plastic spiders in guests’ drinks or placing a whoopee cushion on an unsuspecting person’s chair is sure to cause a belly laugh. All these might just be good for you and everyone involved.   What are the benefits of pranking? When can pranks anger the target or even ruin a relationship?  Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and    explain why.  Pranking is good when everyone laughs at the pranked person, since laughter releases stress. 43. In addition to pranking, what other ways can you use to strengthen relationships    with family members? (In about 40 words)  北京市房山区2021-2022学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题第一节（共4 小题；第40、41 题各2 分，第42 题3 分，第43 题5 分，共12 分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Do you ever wonder why the bakers can’t help but smile as they cook tasty treats in your home’s kitchen? From pre-heating the oven, mixing the dry and wet ingredients (原料), and up until the satisfying “ding” is heard, the baker can feel the atmosphere lighten up and the mood lifted.Baking can be a form of treatment and empowerment. At first glance, grasping how baking makes you calm down and acts as a source of joy can seem a bit far-fetched. But bakers can see and feel more while they’re baking. Its process is both a science and art. As they bake, they become more focused and hopeful that the effort they’ve poured paid off. This is the reason for their smiles. The beauty and satisfaction of baking can be further revealed when it is done.Much like any hobby or a creative outlet, baking allows people to express their emotions and creativity. In every part of the world, cooking for someone is considered as a thoughtful gesture–whether you’re welcoming someone in a home, showing a kind gesture, or expressing your gratitude. The desire to share your food with others is an excellent way to build a connection, showing selflessness and love.It even becomes more heartfelt if you’re serving the whole family. Nothing beats the happiness of seeing your loved ones enjoy the baked treats you’ve worked hard to prepare. 40. According to the passage, how does the baker feel when the baking is done?41. What is the reason for bakers’ smiles?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Baking helps people to express emotions and creativity while serving the whole family is the opposite.43. What are some other ways to help build connections with family members? (In about 40 words) 北京市朝阳区2021-2022学年上学期高三英语期末质量检测试题第一节 （共 4 小题；第 40、41 题各 2 分, 第 42 题 3 分, 第 43 题 5 分, 共 12 分） 阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Collecting As a HobbyCollecting must be one of the most varied of human activities, and it’s one that many psychologists find fascinating. Some people collect because they want to make money. This could be called an instrumental reason for collecting. They’ll look for, say, antiques that they can buy cheaply and expect to sell at a profit. But there may well be a psychological element, too—buying cheap and selling dear can give the collector a sense of achievement. Another motive for collecting is the desire to find something special. Some may spend their whole lives in a hunt for this. Psychologically, this can give a purpose to a life that otherwise feels aimless. There is a danger, though, that if the individual is ever lucky enough to find what they’re looking for, rather than celebrating their success, they may feel empty, now that the goal that drove them on has gone. If you think about collecting postage stamps, another potential reason is its educational value. Stamp collecting opens a window to other countries, and to the plants, animals, or famous people shown on their stamps. In the past, and nowadays, too, a popular form of collecting, was trainspotting. This might involve trying to see every locomotive (火车头) of a particular type, using published data that identify each one, and ticking off each engine as it is seen. As a by-product, many train spotters become very knowledgeable about railway operations, or the technical specifications of different engine types. Not all collectors are interested in learning from their hobbies. Some people collect because of the need for a sense of control. Stamp collectors, for instance, arrange their stamps in albums very neatly according to their preferred principles. All hobbies give pleasure, but the common factor in collecting is usually passion. Collecting can be totally appealing, and can give a strong sense of personal achievement. To non-collectors it may appear a strange way of spending time, but potentially, collecting has a lot going for it. 40. What is the instrumental reason for collecting?41. What is the danger of hunting for something special as a life purpose?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Collectors gain material and psychological benefits from collecting, but non-collectors may not see its value, so they are not advised to have a try. 43. If you are a collector, what do you collect? And why? (In about 40 words) 答案：北京市丰台区2021-2022学年高三上学期期末统一检测英语试卷【答案】40. An interest in foraging for edible plants has begun to appear recently. 41. Foraging can encourage kids to protect the environment. 42. According to the passage, foraging brings good news for parents of picky eaters because it encourages kids to try new, nutritious foods. 43. Foraging together with family can lead a more harmonious relationship between parents and children. 【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了寻找野生食物活动的好处。【小题40】考查细节理解。根据第二段"In the past decade or so, a renewed interest in foraging for edible(可食用的)plants has begun to appear—an interest that has truly blossomed recently. (在过去十年左右的时间里，人们对寻找可食植物的兴趣重新燃起，这一兴趣最近才真正兴起)”可知，最近人们开始对可食用植物感兴趣。故答案为An interest in foraging for edible plants has begun to appear recently. 【小题41】考查细节理解。根据第五段中Dave说的话"Having a strong connection to the land means you're more likely to protect it(与土地有紧密的联系意味着你更有可能去保护它)”可知，寻找野生食物活动的好处是可以鼓励孩子们保护环境。故答案为Foraging can encourage kids to protect the environment。【小题42】考查细节理解。根据第六段"Foraging for wild edibles encourages kids to try new, nutritious foods—especially kids who tend to turn their noses up at the vegetables on their plates. (寻找野生食物会鼓励孩子们尝试新的营养食品，尤其是那些对盘子里的蔬菜嗤之以鼻的孩子)可知，"Parents of picky eaters welcome foraging because the foraged foods are new and nutritious. "中"because the foraged foods are new and nutritious"是错误的，挑食者的父母喜欢寻找野生食物这种方式是因为可以让孩子尝试新鲜的有营养的食物。故答案为According to the passage, foraging brings good news for parents of picky eaters because it encourages kids to try new, nutritious foods。【小题43】开放题。本题为开放性试题，要求考生结合文章根据自己的见解进行作答，言之有理即可。供参考：Foraging together with family can lead a more harmonious relationship between parents and children(与家人一起寻找野生食物可以使父母和孩子之间的关系更加和谐)。 北京市海淀区2021-2022学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题【答案】40.  Creativity./ Creativity sets Da Vinci apart from people who are merely extraordinarily smart.    41. Because he made mistakes and he left a trail of unfinished projects, such as flying machines that never flew and tanks that never rolled.     42. The word “genius” wrongly makes people think that he is gifted by heaven, but actually his genius was shaped by his own will and ambition.
    43. One possible version: I appreciate the quality of being curious most. Because being curious can force me to keep learning new knowledge. If I am curious about one problem, I will refer to some books to get a better understanding of the knowledge.【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了达芬奇是一个有创造力，有人类本性的天才。他充满好奇心，善于观察事物，尊重事实，接受神秘等这些品质，值得我们学习。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“what set him apart from people who are merely extraordinarily smart, was creativity.”(将他与那些只是非常聪明的人区别开来的是创造力)可知，是创造力将达芬奇与那些只是非常聪明的人区别开来，故答案为Creativity.或Creativity sets him apart from people who are merely extraordinarily smart.。2.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Leonardo was also a very human genius. He made mistakes. He left a trail of unfinished projects, flying machines that never flew, tanks that never rolled.”(列奥纳多也是一个非常有人类本性的天才。他犯了错误。他留下了一系列未完成的项目——从没飞过的飞行器，从没启动过的坦克。)可知，达芬奇也犯错，而且还留下一系列未完成的项目，比如从没飞过的飞行器和从没启动过的坦克，所以达芬奇被认为是一个有人类本性的天才，故答案为Because he made mistakes and he left a trail of unfinished projects, such as flying machines that never flew and tanks that never rolled.3.推理判断题。根据下文“His early biographer made this mistake: “Sometimes, in a supernatural fashion, a single person is gifted by heaven with beauty, grace, and talent in such abundance that seems that his every act is divine(天赐的)”. In fact, the self-taught Leonardo's genius was shaped by his own will and ambition. It did not come from being the divine recipient, like Newton or Einstein.”(他早期的传记作者犯了这样一个错误:“有时候，以一种超自然的方式，一个人被上天赐予了如此多的美丽、优雅和才华，似乎他的每一个行为都是天赐的”。事实上，自学成才的达芬奇，他的天才是由他自己的意志和雄心塑造的。他不像牛顿或爱因斯坦那样，接受了上天的恩赐)可知，达芬奇的天才并不是天赐的，而是他自己的意志和雄心塑造的，所以画线句子“the word “genius” minimizes him by making it seem as if he were touched by lightning”表面意思为：“天才”这个词把他贬低到了极点，让他看起来像是被闪电击中了。实际上是指“天才”这个词让人们错误地以为，他的天才是上天恩赐的，但实际上是他自己的意志和雄心塑造的，故答案为The word “genius” wrongly makes people think that he is gifted by heaven, but actually his genius was shaped by his own will and ambition.4.开放题。根据最后一段中的“Be curious, observe things, see things unseen, respect facts, be open to mystery…”(要有好奇心，观察事物，看到看不见的东西，尊重事实，接受神秘……)可知，这些都是达芬奇的品质，以好奇心为例，谈谈好奇心对自己生活的好处。故答案为：One possible version: I appreciate the quality of being curious most. Because being curious can force me to keep learning new knowledge. If I am curious about one problem, I will refer to some books to get a better understanding of the knowledge. 北京市西城区2021-2022学年上学期期末考试高三英语试卷40. Decreasing stress, raising a smile, and strengthening relationships. 41. When they are intended to harm or embarrass. 42. Pranking is good when everyone laughs at the pranked person since laughter releases stress. Pranking is good when the outcome is laughter for everyone, including the pranked person, since laughter releases stress. 43. I can keep in touch with my family by calling them every day. Besides, travelling with my family during the leisure holidays can give me the opportunity to communicate with them. Finally, I can celebrate with my family on special occasions, which will be unforgettable.【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了虽然恶作剧有潜在的负面影响，但是恶作剧也可以减轻压力、带来微笑和增强人际关系。【小题40】考查细节理解。根据第一段"While some experts point out potential negatives, pranking can also decrease stress, raise a smile, and strengthen relationships. (虽然一些专家指出了潜在的负面影响，但恶作剧也可以减轻压力，带来微笑，加强人际关系)”可知，恶作剧可以减轻压力，带来微笑，加强人际关系。故答案为Decreasing stress, raising a smile, and strengthening relationships. 【小题41】考查细节理解。根据第四段"Pranks that are intended to harm or embarrass can anger the target and even ruin a relationship. (故意伤害或使对方尴尬的恶作剧会激怒对方，甚至毁掉一段感情)"可知，故意伤害别人或者使人尴尬的恶作剧会激怒对方甚至毁掉一段关系。故答案为When they are intended to harm or embarrass. 【小题42】考查细节理解。根据第四段"Pranking can be good when the outcome is laughter for everyone, including the pranked person. It can be a great release of stress. When you laugh, you breathe deeper, which helps ease anxiety. (当结果是包括被恶作剧的人在内的所有人都会大笑时，恶作剧就是好的。它可以极大地释放压力。当你笑的时候，你会呼吸更深，这有助于缓解焦虑)”可知，当结果是包括被恶作剧的人在内的所有人都会大笑时，恶作剧是好的，因为笑可以缓解焦虑，所以句子中"when everyone laughs at the pranked person(当每个人都嘲笑恶作剧的人时)”是错误的。故答案为Pranking is good when everyone laughs at the pranked person, since laughter releases stress. Pranking is good when the outcome is laughter for everyone, including the pranked person, since laughter releases stress. 【小题43】开放性题目。我可以通过每天给家人打电话来保持联系。此外，在休闲假期与家人一起旅行可以让我有机会与他们交流。最后，我可以在特殊的场合和家人一起庆祝，这将是令人难忘的。故答案为I can keep in touch with my family by calling them every day. Besides, travelling with my family during the leisure holidays can give me the opportunity to communicate with them. Finally, I can celebrate with my family on special occasions, which will be unforgettable.  北京市房山区2021-2022学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题40. The baker feels the atmosphere lighten up and the mood lifted. 41. Their effort will be paid off. 42. Baking helps people to express emotions and creativity while serving the whole family is the opposite. Serving the whole family can become even more heartfelt. 43. To build a strong connection with our family members, we need to help them live through life's toughest spots, care about them and discover the things the members are all passionate about. Let go of any thoughts and emotions that are harming our family. 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了烘焙为何可以带给人快乐以及烘焙的作用。【小题40】考查细节理解。根据第一段中"From pre-heating the oven, mixing the dry and wet ingredients, and up until the satisfying "ding" is heard, the baker can feel the atmosphere lighten up and the mood lifted. (从预热烤箱，混合干的和湿的配料，直到听到令人满意的“叮"声，面包师可以感觉到气氛轻松，情绪高涨)”可知，当烘焙完成时，面包师觉得气氛轻松了，心情也变好了。故答案为The baker feels the atmosphere lighten up and the mood lifted. 【小题41】考查细节理解。根据第二段中"As they bake, they become more focused and hopeful that the effort they've poured paid off. This is the reason for their smiles. (当他们烘焙的时候，他们变得更加专注，并且希望他们付出的努力会有回报。这就是他们微笑的原因)”可知，面包师微笑的原因是他们的努力会得到回报的。故答案为Their effort will be paid off. 【小题42】考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段"Much like any hobby or a creative outlet, baking allows people to express their emotions and creativity. In every part of the world, cooking for someone is considered as a thoughtful gesture-whether you're welcoming someone in a home, showing a kind gesture, or expressing your gratitude. The desire to share your food with others is an excellent way to build a connection, showing selflessness and love. (就像任何爱好或创造性的出路一样，烘焙允许人们表达他们的情感和创造力。在世界上的每一个地方，为别人做饭都被认为是一种关心他人的举动——无论是在家里欢迎某人，表现出一种友好的姿态，还是表达你的感激之情。与他人分享食物的欲望是建立联系、展示无私和爱的极好方式)”以及最后一段"It even becomes more heartfelt if you're serving the whole family. Nothing beats the happiness of seeing your loved ones enjoy the baked treats you've worked hard to prepare. (如果你是在为整个家庭服务，它甚至会变得更加真诚。没有什么比看到你爱的人享用你辛苦准备的烘焙美食更幸福的了)”可知，错误部分为"while serving the whole family is the opposite", 因为为整个家庭服务，会让人变得更加衷心。故答案为Baking helps people to express emotions and creativity while serving the whole family is the opposite. Because serving the whole familycan become even more heartfelt. 【小题43】本题为开放性题目，只要符合文章逻辑即可。题干：还有什么其他方法可以帮助建立家庭成员之间的联系呢?可回答：为了与我们的家庭成员建立紧密的联系，我们需要帮助他们度过生活中最艰难的时刻，关心他们，发现他们都充满热情的事情。放下任何伤害我们家庭的想法和情绪。故答案为To build a strong connection with our family members, we need to help them live through life's toughest spots, care about them and discover the things the members are all passionate about. Let go of any thoughts and emotions that are harming our family.  北京市朝阳区2021-2022学年上学期高三英语期末质量检测试题40. To make money. 41. After finding what they hunt for, people may feel empty and aimless rather than celebrate theirsuccess. 42. Collectors gain material and psychological benefits from collecting, but non-collectors may not see its value, so they are not advised to have a try According to the passage, to non-collectors, collecting as a hobby may seem like a strange way of spending time, but potentially, collecting has many positive qualities. So collecting is worth trying for non-collectors. 43. (1) I collect fridge magnets because they are my favourite souvenirs. Whenever I see them, Ican recall the memorable time spent during the trips. Moreover, fridge magnets enable me to learn more about the typical landmarks and cultural elements of the places I have visited. (2)I collect car models because I love cars and receive car models as gifts on every special occasion, which serve as a reminder of my carefree childhood and the cherished love from my beloved ones. Each car model carries a distinct touching story and pleasant moment during my growth. 【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了收藏是一种爱好，并说明了收藏的不同原因。【小题40】考查细节理解。根据第二段"Some people collect because they want to make money. This could be called an instrumental reason for collecting. ”(有些人收藏是因为他们想赚钱。这可以被称为收藏的工具性原因。)可知，收藏的工具性原因是他们想赚钱。故答案为To make money. 【小题42】考查细节理解。根据第三段"There is a danger, though, that if the individual is ever lucky enough to find what they're looking for, rather than celebrating their success, they may feel empty, now that the goal that drove them on has gone. ”(然而，有一种危险，那就是，如果一个人幸运地找到了他们想要的东西，那么他们可能会感到空虚，而不是庆祝他们的成功，因为驱使他们前进的目标已经消失了。)可知，将猎取特殊东西作为人生目标的危险是，在找到所追求的东西后，人们可能会感到空虚和漫无目的，而不是庆祝他们的成功。故答案为After finding what they hunt for, people may feel empty and aimless rather than celebrate their success. 【小题43】考查细节理解。根据最后一段"To non-collectors it may appear a strange way of spending time, but potentially, collecting has a lot going for it”(对于非收藏者来说，这似乎是一种奇怪的消磨时间的方式，但潜在的是，收藏有很多好处。)可知，对于非收藏者来说，把收藏作为一种爱好似乎是一种奇怪的消磨时间的方式，但潜在的是，收藏有许多积极的品质。因此，对于非收藏者来说，收藏是值得尝试的，所以所给句子中so they are not advised to have a try是错误的，需要划线。故答案为Collectors gain material and psychological benefits from collecting, but non-collectors may not see its value, so they are not advised to have a try. According to the passage, to non-collectors, collecting as a hobby may seem like a strange way of spending time, but potentially, collecting has many positive qualities. So collecting is worth trying for non-collectors. 【小题44】开放性题目。如果我是收藏家，我收藏冰箱磁铁，因为它们是我最喜欢的纪念品。每当我看到他们，我都能回忆起旅行中度过的难忘时光。此外，冰箱磁铁使我能够更多地了解我访问过的地方的典型地标和文化元素。故答案为I collect fridge magnets because they are my favourite souvenirs. Whenever I see them, I can recall the memorable time spent during the trips. Moreover, fridge magnets enable me to learn more about the typical landmarks and cultural elements of the places I have visited.