新教材适用2024版高考英语一轮总复习选择性必修第二册Unit1ScienceAndScientists课件

这是一份新教材适用2024版高考英语一轮总复习选择性必修第二册Unit1ScienceAndScientists课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了核心考点·精讲层练，关键能力·演练提升，教材经典·文本回扣，微生物细菌病菌，泵抽水机打气筒，统计数字统计资料，统计学，显微镜，蛋白质，框架结构等内容，欢迎下载使用。

必备知识 • 夯基固本
Ⅰ.立体巧记单词A.识记法填空1._________ adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的2.____________ vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费 )3.__________ vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象4.________ vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责5._________ n.把手；拉手；柄 vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)；(用手)触碰
severe subscribe suspect blame handle
6._______ n.联系；纽带 vt.把……连接起来；相关联7.___________ n.减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低8.____________ vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变9.___________ n.思想；思维；见解10.__________ n.发现；调查结果；(法律)判决11.__________ adj.最初的；开始的；第一的12.________ adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的 n.固体
link decrease transfrm thinking finding initial slid
13._______ vt.(cast，cast)投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷14._________ n.阴影；影子；背光处15._______ vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)16._____________ n.领导；领导地位；领导才能17.________ vt.追溯；追踪；查出 n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹18.______________ adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的19.___________ adj.抽象的；理性的 n.(文献等的)摘要20.__________ n.概念；观念
cast shadw pur leadership trace utstanding abstract cncept
21.__________ prep.除……之外(还) adv.而且；此外22.____________ adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的23.______________ adv.此外；再者24.________ n.弱点；过错25.________ n.改变；转换；轮班 vi.& vt.转移；挪动；转向
besides brilliant furthermre fault shift
26.cntradictry pump__________30.husehld n.[pl.]________________________[pl.]____________33.micrscpe n.____________
相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的
一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人
未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的
34.prtein framewrk______________39.rainbw n.___________ adj.________________________________
细胞；小房间；单间牢房
混凝土制的；确实的；具体的
41.mechanic n.____________
B.构词法拓展1._____________ adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→__________ vt.使懊恼；使沮丧→______________ n.沮丧；懊恼；挫败2._____________ n.感染；传染→__________ vt.使感染；传染→______________ adj.感染的；传染的3.________ n.证据；证明；检验→________ vt.证明 ________ v.证明是4.___________ adj.数量多的；多种多样的→___________ vi.& vt.乘；繁殖
5._____________ n.介入；出面；干涉→___________ vi.干扰；介入6._______ adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→_________ adv.完全地；纯粹地→_________ vt.净化；使……洁净7._____________ adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的→____________ n.物质；物品；事实基础；根据8._________ vt.保卫；防守；辩解→__________________ n.防御；保卫；保护
interventin
substantial
defense/defence
9.____________ n.助理；助手→_________ vt.& vi.帮助；协助→_____________ n.帮助；协助；援助10._________ adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→_______ n.礼物；天赋11._________ adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→___________ adv.稳定地；持续地12.________ adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→__________ adv.生动地；逼真地；鲜明地
C.应用法塑能1.(2022·全国乙卷)Engineers are nw wrking n a new __________(概念)：the rail drnes f the future.2.(2022·全国甲卷)If yu are lking fr the best cmedies n tur and ____________(绝妙的)live music，yu shuld start here.3.(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)Register nline r fill ut a Grup Play Registratin Frm with ___________(数量多的)date and start time ptins.
4.(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)And the reasn they gt s much strnger and fitter was that their hearts culd nw fill a lt better and _______(泵送)a lt mre bld during exercise.5.(朗文当代)Oppsitin leaders will be watching carefully t see hw the Prime Minister __________(处理) the crisis.6.(2022·全国乙卷)They suffered _________(十分严重的) hardships.7.(剑桥高阶)_______(倒出) the hney int the bwl and mix it thrughly with the ther ingredients.
8.(天津卷)I liked facts，things that are cncrete.I thught anything ___________(抽象的) left t much rm fr argument.9.(剑桥高阶)__________(最初的) reprts say that seven peple have died，thugh this has nt yet been cnfirmed.10.(朗文当代)Je listened，__________(shift) uncmfrtably frm ne ft t slid ________，the lawyer can certainly ________ that he is inncent.(prve)
12.He was ___________ with an _____________ disease and the serius ____________ likely claimed his life.(infect)13.He，an ___________，came t my ____________；that is t say，he ___________ me in finishing the impssible task n time.(assist)14.T _________ her frm being hurt，I must say smething in her __________.(defend)15.Lang Lang is a _________ pianist and he has a great _______ fr playing the pian.(gift)
16.I ften gt ____________ in this jb and the cnstant _____________ almst made me quit the jb.(frustrate)17.With ________ plicies，the cmpany's exprts have been increasing ___________.(steady)18.The prblem lies in deciding when t __________.The ____________ will help settle the prblem.(intervene)
Ⅱ.语境助记短语A.写准记牢1.___________________最终地；彻底地2._______________同意；赞同3.____________幸亏；由于4.____________(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发
nce and fr all subscribe t thanks t break ut
5._______________主管；掌管6.____________患(病)；染上(小病)7.____________最重要的是；尤其是8.___________死于9.__________及时；迟早10._______________________很可能做某事
in charge f cme dwn abve all die frm in time be likely t d sth.
B.语境运用1.(朗文当代)Max is hardwrking，cheerful，and ____________hnest.2.(剑桥高阶)Our intentin is t destry their ffensive capability ___________________.3.(剑桥高阶)Frank ________________ the belief that human kindness wuld vercme evil.4.(朗文当代)Fighting ____________ between demnstratrs and the plice.
nce and fr all
subscribed t
5.(剑桥高阶)I left Jack _______________ the suitcase while I went t get the tickets.6.(剑桥高阶)She ___________ hunger/cancer/a heart attack/her injuries.7.(2020·天津卷)While libraries still lan ut(出借) bks，yu'll find it easier t get a cpy f whatever yu're lking fr，____________ a cperative netwrk f area libraries.
in charge f
Ⅲ.仿写速记句式A.原句译背1.until引导的时间状语从句Chlera used t be ne f the mst feared diseases in the wrld，until a British dctr，Jhn Snw，shwed hw it culd be vercme.__________________________________________________________________________________________
在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
如此……以至于……He discvered that in tw particular streets the chlera utbreak was s severe that mre than 500 peple died in ten 引导的宾语从句Snw suspected that the water pump was t blame.________________________________
他发现在两条特别的街道上，霍乱爆发是如此严重以至于十天内死了500多人。
斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。
4.It seemed that...似乎……It seemed that the wman liked the water frm the pump s much that she had it delivered t her huse every ＋宾语＋宾语补足语Accrdingly，he had the handle f the pump remved s that it culd nt be used.________________________________________________________
该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来。
因此，他让人把水泵的把手去掉，这样水泵就用不成了。
6.形容词短语作状语Mst peple are familiar with images f him in his wheelchair，unable t mve and using a cmputer t talk.______________________________________________________________________
大多数人都很熟悉他坐在轮椅上无法动弹，只能通过电脑来说话的样子。
B.仿写美句1.I wuld wait _________________________________.我会等到他来帮我。2.(剑桥高阶)The film's plt _____________________ I culdn't fllw it.这部电影的故事情节是如此复杂以至于我看不懂。
until he came t my assistance
was s cmplex that
3.____________________________________ frm reading the English newspaper Yuth.我认为我从读英文报Yuth中获益良多。4._________________________________________ slving the math prblem.似乎我们很难解出这个数学题。5.He was frightened t death，________________________.他吓得要死，不能挪动一步。
I think that I have benefited a lt
It seemed that we had great difficulty
unable t mve an inch
Jhn Snw became ______________(frustrate) when a severe chlera hit Eurpe in the early 19th century. At that time n ne knew _______ t prevent r treat chlera. ___________ ，he never lst his desire t destry chlera nce and fr all. After much research，Snw subscribed t the thery that chlera ______________(cause) by an _____________(infect) frm germs in fd r water. Snw began by ___________(mark) n a map the exact places where all thse wh died had lived. As _____ result，Jhn Snw was able t
1.frustrated
4.was caused
annunce that the pump water ________(carry) chlera germs. ____________ (accrding)，he had the handle f the pump ____________ (remve) s that it culd nt be used. Thrugh this interventin，the disease was defeated.
9.Accrdingly
1.blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.指责；责备
(1)be t blame(fr sth.)(对某事)负有责任，应受责备blame sb.fr sth.因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人put the blame fr sth. n sth.把某事归咎于某事blame sth.n sb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/某事(2)take the blame承担过错
表示某人该受责备时，常用主动形式sb.be t blame表示被动意义。
单句填空夯基①(全国Ⅲ卷)Lts f peple find it hard t get up in the mrning，and put the blame _____ the alarm clck.②I'm nt ging t sit arund and take ______ blame fr a mistake he made.③_________(blame) fr the breakdwn f the schl cmputer netwrk，Alice was in lw spirits.④(朗文当代)Officials believe that mre than ne persn may be ___________(blame) fr the fire.
写作运用提能⑤When getting alng with thers，we shuldn't always _____________ ______________.After all，many times _____________________.S instead f _________________，we shuld cmmunicate mre and put urselves in thers' place.当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是把错误归咎于其他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也负有责任。因此，我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不是指责其他人。(话题写作之人际交往)
blame thers
fr mistakes
we are als t blame
blaming thers
2.decrease n.减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低
(1)decrease t...减少到……decrease by...减少了……decrease 从……减少到……(2)n the decrease正在减少n the increase正在增加
单句填空夯基①______________(decrease) the amunt f rubbish and t prtect the envirnment，mre gvernments are requiring peple t recycle materials.②The number f peple aged 50 and under will decrease _____ 30% during the time.
写作运用提能③Because f human activities，the number f sme rare animals ____________________________________.由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数目在减少。(decrease)
is n the decrease/ is decreasing
3.transfrm vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变
transfrm sb./sth.改变/转化某人/某物使……变成……be transfrmed 由……变成……
单句填空夯基①Their jint effrts have transfrmed the bald hill _______ ne cvered with green trees.②______________(transfrm) int a frg by the witch(巫婆)，the prince was driven ut f the castle.
写作运用提能③Yur generus help ________________________________________ __________________________________.您的慷慨帮助将我的第一次美国之旅变成了一个难忘的回忆。
transfrmed/turned my first American trip int
an unfrgettable memry
4.defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解
(1)(ding...)保护……免受……defend neself自卫；为自己辩护(2)defenc(s)e n.防御；保卫；保护in defence(f)保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护in ne's defence为某人辩护
单句填空夯基①The law allws peple t defend themselves _______________ a charge.②The assistant stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if _____ defence.
frm/against
写作运用提能③Seeing the fierce snake，___________________________________. (defend)→Seeing the fierce snake，__________________________________ __________.(defence)看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。(读后续写之肢体动作描写)
he rushed t defend his sn like an arrw
he rushed in defence f his sn like an
5.cme dwn(with...)染上；得了(……病)；患(病)
cme acrss(偶然)遇见；碰见；被理解cme abut发生(无被动形式)cme n加油；到来；得了吧cme ut出版；结果是；(花)开放cme up走近；上来；被提出cme up with提出；想出(主意、计划、回答等)when it cmes t...当谈及……
单句填空夯基①Abve all，tell me hw the accident came ________ immediately.②My assistant's first nvel came ______，which made me prud f him.③She came _______ with this summer flu everyne's getting and went hme befre I gt in.④(牛津高阶)He spke fr a lng time but his meaning didn't really cme _________.
写作运用提能⑤___________________(当谈及) English learning，I have the fllwing practical suggestins t share.Firstly，when yu ______________ (遇见) unfamiliar wrds，dn't always refer t the dictinary.Furthermre，when teachers' questins __________(被提及) in class，yu shuld try t _______________(想出) answers.Lastly，if yu fail，yu must say t yurself，“__________(加油)！”(应用文写作之建议信)
When it cmes t
cme up with
6.abve all最重要的是；首先；尤其是
after all毕竟；终究first f all首先；第一all in all整体说来；总而言之in all全部；合计at all(否定句)一点也(不)；(疑问句)到底；究竟
单句填空夯基①Thanks t yur timely and generus help，I managed t handle the fur prblems _____ all.用all的相关短语填空提能②The university I recmmend t yu is Beijing Language and Culture University.______________________，yu'd better learn sme basic Chinese befre yu cme.____________，yu will be under cmpletely unfamiliar circumstances.______________，studying fr a degree in a different culture is nt easy _________.(应用文写作之推荐信)
First f all/Abve all
7.Chlera used t be ne f the mst feared diseases in the wrld，until a British dctr，Jhn Snw，shwed hw it culd be vercme.在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
(1)由until引导的时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词是延续性的，那么这个主句需用肯定形式；若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，则主句常用否定式，构成结构。(2)倒装结构：部分倒装“Nt until＋时间状语从句或短语＋谓语助动词＋主语＋谓语动词”。(3)强调结构：It is/was nt until＋时间状语从句或短语＋that＋主句部分。
单句填空夯基①I wuld keep wrking n the farm ________ I earned enugh mney t help my father buy a new tractr.写作运用提能②(此题已删，给您带来的不便，请广大师生谅解。)(2022·全国乙卷，书面表达)__________________________________________________ ___________________________正是口语能力使我们能够与他人交流。
It's the speaking capability that enables us t cmmunicate
with thers.
②I wasn't aware that bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened ___________________________________.()→_____________________________________________________ bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened.(倒装句)→________________________________________________________ bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened.(强调句)直到我经历了这场事故，我才意识到坏运气有可能是正在等待开启的门。(读后续写之升华句)
until I experienced the accident
Nt until I experienced the accident was I aware that
It was nt until I experienced the accident that I was aware that
8.He discvered that in tw particular streets the chlera utbreak was s severe that mre than 500 peple died in ten days.他发现在两条特别的街道上，霍乱爆发是如此严重以至于十天内死了500多人。
引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。(1)句型的常见形式：s＋adj./adv.＋＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(单数)＋＋many/much/few/little(少)＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...(2)句型的常见形式：such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(单数)＋＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...
当s/such...放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。
单句填空夯基①It is nrmal fr _______ little bys t eat _____ little fd，s dn't blame them.
写作运用提能②He was ________________ he felt his tngue tied and palms sweating.→______________________ he felt his tngue tied and palms sweating. (用倒装句改写)他是如此紧张，以至于他感觉舌头打结，手心出汗。(读后续写之紧张心理描写)③___________________________________，s I am specially writing t cngratulate yu.你取得了如此巨大的进步，所以我专门写信祝贺你。(应用文写作之祝贺信)
s nervus that
S nervus was he that
Yu have made such great prgress
9.Accrdingly，he had the handle f the pump remved s that it culd nt be used.因此，他让人把水泵的把手去掉，这样水泵就用不成了。
have sth. dne使某事被做；请人做某事；主语遭遇到某事have sb. d sth.让某人做某事have sb./sth. ding sth.让某人一直做某事或让某事处于某种状态can't have sb. ding sth.不能容忍某人做某事have sth. t d有某事要做
单句填空夯基①(2022·全国甲卷)It cmes after mre than half f sft drinks sld in shps have had their sugar levels ______(cut) by manufacturers(制造商) s they can avid paying the tax.②(2020·天津卷)The dancer's incredible perfrmance had the audience n its feet ___________(clap) fr 10 minutes at the end f the shw.③Our headteacher can't have us __________(waste) ur time.Even if we have finished ur hmewrk，he always has us _______(read) classics t widen ur hrizns.
写作运用提能④(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)We began t help pick peaches and then ____________________________________________.我们开始帮忙摘桃子，然后让人把它们送到农民家里。⑤I am terribly srry fr _____________________________________，because _____________________________________ just nw.我非常抱歉让你等了这么长时间，因为刚才我有一件紧急的事情要处理。(应用文写作之道歉信)
had them delivered t the farmers' huses
having yu waiting fr me fr s lng
I had an urgent thing t attend t
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练1.handleA．vt.处理　B．v.操纵　C．n.把手　D．vt.(用手)触、碰、拿(1)Dn't handle the vase as if it were made f steel.____(2)Driving a car is nt just handling cntrls and judging speed and distance.____(3)Tea in China was traditinally drunk frm cups withut handles.____(4)We must learn t handle cnflicts calmly and wisely.____
2.subscribeA．vi.订阅　B．vi.赞成；同意　C．vi.捐助(1)He subscribes t the view that we can tackle the severe prblem in this way nce and fr all.____(2)This is the schl the utstanding and patritic scientist subscribed t generusly in the past.____(3)Using the mney I earned in the hliday，I have subscribed t multiple magazines recently.____
3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)The research lacks slid prf，and therefre，its cnclusins are dubtful.____________(2)It's my turn t be n the night shift.__________(3)He read thrugh the papers and made an abstract f their cntents.__________
Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.(2022·全国甲卷)That way，there wuld always be peple here ____________(handle) custmer inquiries，phne calls，and s n.2.(2022·浙江1月卷)The age f electricity is clsely linked _______ the steam age.3.(2021·全国甲卷)After spending sme time lking at all the ____________(defend) equipment at the wall，we decided it was time fr sme actin and what better than t ride n a piece f histry！
4.(2021·全国乙卷)Peple ____________________(pur) int stadiums since the days f ancient Greece.5.(柯林斯词典)Thmas came _______ with chickenpx(水痘)at the weekend.6.(朗文当代)I was still living in Lndn when the war brke ______.7.(牛津高阶)The authrities n lnger subscribe _____ the view that disabled peple are unsuitable as teachers.
have been puring
8.(朗文当代)Average huse prices decreased _____ 13% last year.9.(2022·全国乙卷)____________(initial)the sugar tax was expected t make ￡520m a year fr the Treasury.10.(2022·全国乙卷)Our ___________(find) suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket ver her head, it is nt a result f egcentrism.
Ⅲ.句篇写作增分话题写作之人物介绍—我国航天事业的先驱：钱学森1._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________钱学森于1911年12月11日出生在浙江一个富裕的家庭，他才华横溢，小时候被认为是一个“天才”男孩。(husehld；brilliant；gifted)
　Brn int a wealthy husehld n December 11,1911，Zhejiang Prvince，Qian Xuesen was s brilliant that he was regarded as a “super-gifted” by in his childhd.
2._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________淞沪会战爆发两年后，他从上海交通大学毕业，前往美国深造。他在那里获得了博士学位。(break ut；graduate frm)3._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________他于1955年最终回到了自己的祖国，尽管美国政府不同意并进行了严厉的干预。(nce and fr all；subscribe t；severe；interventin)
　Tw years after the Snghu Battle brke ut，he graduated frm Shanghai Jia Tng University and went t the United States fr his further study，where he gained his dctr's degree.
　He returned t his hmeland in 1955 nce and fr all，thugh the US gvernment didn't subscribe t it and made severe interventin.
4._______________________________________________________________________________________回国后，他将自己的一生奉献给了中国的航空航天工业。(；aerspace)5.______________________________________________________________________________________他负责火箭和导弹的设计和研究。(handle；in charge f)
　After he returned t China，he devted all his life t China's aerspace industry.
　He handled the design and was in charge f the research f rckets and missiles.
6._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________由于他的杰出成就，我们在保卫我们美丽家园的道路上扎实稳步前进。(thanks t；utstanding；slid；steady；defend)
　Thanks t his utstanding achievements，we have made slid and steady prgress in defending ur beautiful hmeland.
Ⅳ.主题续写提能动作描写之动“肩膀”词汇积累
词块必记1.brad shulders宽阔的肩膀2.lk back ver ne's shulder 回头看3.shrug ne's shulders 耸肩4.tap/pat sb. n the shulder拍某人的肩膀
完成句子1.He was a man f medium height，_____________________.He was wandering aimlessly when he sensed smething strange.(with) 他是个中等个子，肩膀宽阔的男人，他正漫无目的地乱逛，突然感觉有点不对劲。2.He ________________________________，nly t find a yung man fllwing him clsely.(动作描写)他回头看了看，结果发现一个年轻人正紧跟着他。
with brad shulders
lked back ver his shulder