【备战2024年高考】英语 （全国通用版）2023年新高考II卷完形填空（真题透析+变式训练）试卷

这是一份【备战2024年高考】英语 （全国通用版）2023年新高考II卷完形填空（真题透析+变式训练）试卷，共23页。试卷主要包含了背景常识， 词语复现， 词语同现等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年新高考II卷完形填空（真题透析+变式训练）
第一部分
命题分析+秒选技能
第二部分
真题评析(真题呈现+全解全析+阅读高频词+长难句回顾)
第三部分
真题变式练
命题分析
完形填空选材特点：完形填空的体裁主要以记叙文为主，主题语境包括人与自我、人与社会及人与自然，选材都是积极向上、充满正能量的文章，在思想上和行动上树立了积极的榜样，并且注重五育并举，尤其关注体育、美育和劳动教育
设题特点：完形填空设空考查点分为三个层次，即：
(1)句内层次题：空格的答案由空格所在句子决定
(2)句组层次题：空格的答案由与空格相距不远的一组句子决定
(3)语篇层次题：空格的答案由整篇文章的内涵决定
练好基本功：多读、多记，加大输入量，强化词汇和词块的积累，及其在有关主题的灵活运用。以语篇为载体，形成语篇意识，从量变到质变
培养“两”感：多想、多悟，培养良好的词(块)感和语篇感
做题策略：读的时候头脑清醒，遇易则稳，遇难可绕，学会暂时放弃，眼光放远一点，便会有柳暗花明之时，找到做题的线索
核心素养：结合三大主题语境，多阅读弘扬正能量的语篇，多积累有关英语国家的社会文化、风土人情、人文史实等，来提高语篇梳理能力
秒选技能
1.背景常识
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确判断。
2. 词语复现（原词复现/同/近义词复现/同源词复现/上下义复现）
复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确的答案。
3. 词语同现
同现原则即相关联信息在文章中的呼应。同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时或连续出现在同一语篇中。
名词同现：与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个名词。如：school——primary school——middle school——college——university；students——pupils——graduates——postgraduates。
动词同现：与一个话题或一个动词出现在同一个语境的另一个动词。如：school——teach——learn——attend——find——drop out——graduate——be dismissed。
结构同现：结构同现指一些短语成对或依次出现在文章中。如：some…；others…；on the one hand…，on the other hand…；former…；latter；so…that…；not only…but also…；hardly/scarcely…when…；no sooner…than…；be about to do/be doing/had done/be on the point of doing/be to do/be ready to do/be on the way…when…等。
4逻辑关系（因果、转折、对比、递进、让步）
★解题方略
逻辑关系是指转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、并列关系、总结关系等，与语法密切相关。
逻辑关系一般隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中。利用逻辑关系，我们可以通过确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而选出正确选项。
完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文给出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索就是上下文乃至全文的逻辑关系。这些逻辑关系主要有：并列与递进关系（and、while、also、in addition、moreover、likewise、similarly、what’s more等）、转折关系（but、however、whereas、nevertheless、on the contrary、instead of等）、顺序关系（before、after、then、finally等）、让步关系（although/though、despite、even if/though等）、因果关系（so、thus、for、therefore、due to、as a result等）、解释关系（i.e.、that is to day、in other words等）、条件关系（if、unless、provided that、in case of等）、肯定与否定关系（certainly、never等）。这些逻辑关系往往隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落与段落的衔接中，并常常借助于连词、副词或介词短语等表达逻辑衔接手段的词来实现。因此，通过分析完形填空短文中的逻辑关系，我们可以找出确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测初恋，从而在选项中寻找表现了相同逻辑意义的答案。
5习惯搭配
固定搭配包括固定词组搭配和语法题两种， 随着“突出语篇”的命题原则， 这类题目越来越少。
真题呈现
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2023年全国新高考II卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41 . They could not afford to pay for 42 for their dog, Tiffy, and 43 wanted to take her with them.
It just 44 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 45 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 46 Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 47 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 48 for him, having to leave his dog to a 49 and trust that everything would 50 .
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 51 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and 52 them as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was 53 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 54 with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 55 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
41．A．turn B．budget C．schedule D．connection
42．A．food B．shelter C．medicine D．transportation
43．A．desperately B．temporarily C．secretly D．originally
44．A．appeared B．proved C．happened D．showed
45．A．waited B．offered C．hurried D．failed
46．A．see off B．look for C．hand over D．pick up
47．A．confused B．nervous C．annoyed D．curious
48．A．hard B．fine C．common D．lucky
49．A．coworker B．passenger C．stranger D．neighbor
50．A．speed up B．work out C．come back D．take off
51．A．feed B．follow C．change D．load
52．A．call B．join C．leave D．serve
53．A．unnecessary B．unexpected C．unavoidable D．uneventful
54．A．returned B．fought C．flew D．agreed
55．A．thankful B．generous C．proud D．sympathetic
全解全析
【篇章解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。
41．【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn转折点；B. budget预算；C. schedule时间表；D. connection联系。根据“They could not afford to pay for ___42___ for their dog, Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。
42．【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A. food食物；B. shelter庇护；C. medicine药；D. transportation交通。根据“They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight ___41___ .”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。故选D。
43．【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。 A. desperately非常、拼命地；B. temporarily暂时地；C. secretly秘密地；D. originally起初。根据“wanted to take her with them.”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。
44．【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared出现；B. proved证明；C. happened碰巧；D. showed展示。根据“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。
45．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited等待；B. offered提供、主动提出；C. hurried匆忙；D. failed失败。根据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。
46．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see off为……送行；B. look for寻找；C. hand over移交；D. pick up接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。
47．【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A. confused困惑的；B. nervous紧张的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. curious好奇的。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___48___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___49___ and trust that everything would ___50___ .”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。
48．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. hard困难的；B. fine好的；C. common常见的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“was trying to be calm”以及下文“having to leave his dog to a ___49___ and trust that everything would __50___ .”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。
49．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. coworker合作者；B. passenger乘客；C. stranger陌生人；D. neighbor邻居。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him,”可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。
50．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. speed up加速；B. work out解决；C. come back回来；D. take off起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___48___ for him,”可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。
51．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A. feed喂养；B. follow跟随；C. change改变；D. load装载。load into装入。根据“Tiffy into the plane.”可知，作者让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D。
52．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call打电话；B. join加入；C. leave离开；D. serve服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。
53．【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary没有必要的；B. unexpected意想不到的；C. unavoidable不可避免的；D. uneventful太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a great passenger.”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。
54．【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那里。 A. returned返回；B. fought打仗；C. flew飞；D. agreed同意。根据“It just ___44___ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___45___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。
55．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A. thankful感激的；B. generous慷慨的；C. proud骄傲的；D. sympathetic同情的。通读全文，再根据“and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。故选A。
真题变式练
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Passage 1
（2023春·湖南·高三湖南师大附中校考阶段练习）I’m now the chef and owner of a restaurant. Nothing in my early years led me to 1 my life would connect to food and cooking deeply. My family did eat together often; we had a 2 that my grandmother cooked the weekly big meal on weekends, but food was hardly the 3 of my family’s story. After I entered college, I was still 4 about what I wanted to do. I was “supposed” to 5 my family, getting a degree in medicine at graduate school or something similar.
When accepting the job assisting cooks after finishing college, I just 6 to pay my rent. That didn’t 7 any big life plans. However, as I worked longer, the food world showed me amazing 8 .
Too little salt, and a dish is 9 to be “tasteless”. A bit lemon juice helps prevent cut apples and peaches from turning brown and 10 their appealing colors. The lesson that small things matter reminds me to never 11 tiny stuff in all parts of life. Also, working with food teaches me to really taste, smell and touch. I learn to observe my 12 , watching ways birds land, the growth of trees along roads... and 13 wonders in everyday life. 14 , I head down my own path, which is 15 from going to medical school as my parents did, but gives my life purpose and direction.
1．A．wonder B．expect C．doubt D．admit
2．A．suggestion B．pleasure C．tradition D．desire
3．A．center B．trouble C．witness D．secret
4．A．careless B．restless C．unconcerned D．unclear
5．A．leave B．company C．follow D．help
6．A．happened B．intended C．managed D．promised
7．A．inspire B．affect C．replace D．prevent
8．A．opportunity B．wisdom C．memories D．skills
9．A．easy B．fit C．true D．bound
10．A．preserve B．hide C．restore D．change
11．A．worry B．judge C．miss D．ignore
12．A．decisions B．improvements C．surroundings D．differences
13．A．keep away B．show up C．bring about D．come across
14．A．Even so B．Above all C．Therefore D．Anyway
15．A．free B．absent C．distinct D．separate
【篇章解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了食物和烹饪的智慧以及烹饪对作者的影响。
1．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我早年的生活中，没有什么能让我想到我的生活会与食物和烹饪紧密相连。A. wonder想知道；B. expect预料；C. doubt怀疑；D. admit承认。根据后文“I was “supposed” to follow my family, getting a degree in medicine at graduate school or something similar.”可知，作者从没想过会与食物和烹饪结缘。故选B。
2．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的家人确实经常在一起吃饭；我们家有一个传统，祖母会在周末做每周的大餐，但食物并不是我们家故事的中心。A. suggestion建议；B. pleasure高兴；C. tradition传统，惯例；D. desire欲望。根据本句中同位语从句“that my grandmother cooked the weekly big meal on weekends”可知，这是作者家的传统。故选C。
3．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的家人确实经常在一起吃饭；我们家有一个传统，祖母会在周末做每周的大餐，但食物并不是我们家故事的中心。A. center中心；B. trouble麻烦；C. witness目击者；D. secret秘密。根据前文“we had a tradition that my grandmother cooked the weekly big meal on weekends”以及空前的“but”可知，祖母会在周末做每周的大餐，但食物并不是我们家故事的中心，前后形成对照关系。故选A。
4．【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：进入大学后，我仍然不清楚自己想做什么。A. careless粗心的；B. restless不安宁的，烦躁的；C. unconcerned不关心的；D. unclear不确定的，不清楚的。根据后文“I was “supposed” to follow my family, getting a degree in medicine at graduate school or something similar.”可知，作者对自己想做什么很迷茫。故选D。
5．【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我“应该”跟随我的家庭，在研究生院获得医学学位或类似的东西。A. leave离开；B. company陪伴；C. follow跟随；D. help帮助。根据本句“getting a degree in medicine at graduate school or something similar”可知，作者迷茫之际，或许应该跟随家人的脚步。故选C。
6．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我大学毕业后接受助理厨师的工作时，我只是想支付我的房租。A. happened碰巧，恰好；B. intended计划，打算；C. managed设法做到；D. promised承诺。根据本句“accepting the job assisting cooks”以及空后宾语“to pay my rent”可知，接受助理厨师的工作仅是想要支付房租。故选B。
7．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这并没有让我有什么远大的人生计划。A. inspire激励，导致；B. affect影响；C. replace代替；D. prevent阻止。根据后文“However, as I worked longer, the food world showed me amazing wisdom.”可知，前后转折。故选A。
8．【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意： 然而，随着我工作时间的延长，食品世界向我展示了惊人的智慧。A. opportunity机会；B. wisdom智慧；C. memories记忆；D. skills技能。根据后文“The lesson that small things matter reminds me to never ignore tiny stuff in all parts of life.”可知，食品让作者感悟到了人生智慧。故选B。
9．【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：盐太少，一道菜必然会“无味”。A. easy容易的；B. fit健康的；C. true真正的；D. bound肯定会，很有可能。根据本句“Too little salt”以及常识可知，盐少了，菜一定是无味的。故选D。
10．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一点柠檬汁有助于防止切开的苹果和桃子变黄，保持它们诱人的颜色。A. preserve保持；B. hide掩盖，遮挡；C. restore恢复；D. change改变。根据主语“A bit lemon juice”以及宾语“their appealing colors”可知，一点柠檬汁可以保持保持它们诱人的颜色。故选A。
11．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“小事很重要”的教训提醒我永远不要忽视生活中方方面面的小事。A. worry担心；B. judge判断；C. miss想念；D. ignore忽略。根据本句“small things matter”可知，小事很重要，不要忽视小事。故选D。
12．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我学会观察周围的环境，观察鸟类降落的方式，道路两旁树木的生长……并在日常生活中遇到奇迹。A. decisions决定；B. improvements改善，提高；C. surroundings环境；D. differences不同。根据本句“watching ways birds land, the growth of trees along roads...and come across wonders in everyday life”可知，这些都是周围的环境。故选C。
13．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我学会观察周围的环境，观察鸟类降落的方式，道路两旁树木的生长……并在日常生活中遇到奇迹。A. keep away远离；B. show up显现出来；C. bring about导致，引起；D. come across偶然遇见。根据宾语“wonders”可知，应为“偶遇”。故选D。
14．【答案】B
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我走自己的路，这与我父母上医学院不同，但给了我人生的目标和方向 。A. Even so即使如此；B. Above all最重要的是；C. Therefore因此；D. Anyway无论怎样。根据前文“Also, working with food teaches me to really taste, smell and touch.”以及后文“I head down my own path, which is distinct from going to medical school as my parents did, but gives my life purpose and direction.”可知，作者在讲述自己从事厨师职业的两个感悟。照应“Also”引导的第一个感悟，此处应为第二个感悟，为递进关系。故选B。
15．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我走自己的路，这与我父母上医学院不同，但给了我人生的目标和方向。A. free自由的；B. absent缺少的；C. distinct明显不同的；D. separate分离的。根据前文“I’m now the chef and owner of a restaurant.”可知，作者是一名厨师，和父母上医学院明显不同。故选C。
Passage 2
（2023春·广东韶关·高三校考阶段练习）Tima Abudhi is a 55-year-old mother of five. When growing up, she remembers watching her neighbors 16 at the mangrove forests (红树林) around her village on Pate Island, on Kenya’s east coast, to build houses or to sell as wood.
As the mangroves 17 , so did the fish that live among their roots --- a 18 for the fishing village of Kizingitini. The threat to their livelihoods and homes 19 Abudhi and other women to start replanting the mangroves, often spending all day at the 20 , taking time away from caring for their families and 21 their small businesses. Protecting the mangroves over the past few decades has 22 their incomes, but they felt it was a matter of urgency, Abudhi said.
“Replanting the mangroves is not 23 . We have to go early in the morning to get the seedlings (幼苗) and then come to the beach and plant them until evening, just before the tides 24 again. We couldn't make 25 time for our businesses,” she said.
Today, the women of Kizingitini no longer have to 26 to both make a living and conserve the mangroves, thanks to a loan scheme that helps them keep food on the table so they can 27 to continue planting. “This has led to increased 28 of women in conservation and community development, as well as reduced 29 inequality,” said Abudhi.
Mangrove forests can 30 flooding and are considered key to controlling climate change and protecting people against warming-linked disasters.
16．A．cut away B．settle down C．set out D．get up
17．A．moved B．disappeared C．died D．rose
18．A．contribution B．choice C．disaster D．luck
19．A．encouraged B．motivated C．forbade D．persuaded
20．A．neighbor B．community C．beach D．village
21．A．selling B．assessing C．closing D．running
22．A．increased B．gained C．produced D．decreased
23．A．difficult B．easy C．worthwhile D．suitable
24．A．return B．calm C．withdraw D．remove
25．A．hard B．enough C．long D．cheap
26．A．struggle B．stop C．prepare D．determine
27．A．attempt B．witness C．afford D．refuse
28．A．unemployment B．resignation C．participation D．ignorance
29．A．gender B．wealth C．income D．age
30．A．cancel B．keep C．accelerate D．slow
【篇章导读】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了一群位于肯尼亚东海岸的佩特岛上Kizingitini渔村里的妇女们重建红树林，保护家园的事迹。
16．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在肯尼亚东海岸的佩特岛，她记得自己成长时看到邻居们砍伐周围的红树林，用来盖房子或作为木材出售。A. cut away砍掉；B. settle down安定下来；C. set out开始；D. get up起床。根据“to build houses or to sell as wood”可知，邻居们砍伐红树林，为了盖房子或者出售木材。故选A项。
17．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着红树林的消失，生活在它们根部的鱼也是如此——这对Kizingitini渔村来说是一场灾难。A. moved移动；B. disappeared消失；C. died死亡；D. rose升起。根据第一段内容可知，邻居们砍伐木材，红树林慢慢消失了。故选B项。
18．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. contribution贡献；B. choice选择；C. disaster灾难；D. luck运气。根据“As the mangroves ____17___, so did the fish that live among their roots”可知，随着红树林的消失，赖以生存的鱼类也一样消失了，这对村庄来说是一场灾难。故选C项。
19．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：生计和家园面临的威胁促使Abudhi和其他妇女从照顾家庭和经营小企业中抽出时间，开始重新种植红树林，她们经常花费整天待在沙滩上。A. encouraged鼓励；B. motivated成为……的动机；C. forbade禁止；D. persuaded说服。根据“The threat to their livelihoods and homes”及“to start replanting the mangroves”可知，生存的家园遭到威胁，促使Abudhi和其他妇女开始重新种植红树林。故选B项。
20．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. neighbor邻居；B. community社区；C. beach沙滩；D. village村庄。根据第一段“watching her neighbors ____16____ at the mangrove forests around her village”可知，Abudhi和其他妇女待在沙滩上，重新植林，后文then come to the beach也是提示。故选C项。
21．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. selling出售；B. assessing评价；C. closing关闭；D. running经营。根据“taking time away from caring for their families and ____21___ their small businesses”可知，妇女们种植的时间是从照顾家庭和经营小本生意里抽出来的。故选D项。
22．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几十年里，保护红树林减少了她们的收入，但她们觉得这是一个紧迫的问题，Abudhi说。A. increased增加；B. gained获得；C. produced制造；D. decreased减少。根据“but they felt it was a matter of urgency”并结合上文可知，妇女们将原本经营生意的时间用来种植红树林，收入减少了，但是她们觉得这是一个紧迫的问题。故选D项。
23．【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：重新种植红树林并不容易。A. difficult困难的；B. easy容易的；C. worthwhile值得的；D. suitable合适的。根据下文“We have to go early in the morning to get the seedlings and then come to the beach and plant them until evening, just before the tides ____24___ again.”可知，重新种植红树林并不容易。故选B项。
24．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须一大早就去取树苗，然后到海滩上种植，一直种到晚上，刚好在潮水回来之前。A. return返回；B. calm使平静；C. withdraw撤销；D. remove移除。根据“We have to go early in the morning to get the seedlings and then come to the beach and plant them until evening, just before the tides ____24____ again.”可知，她们不得不在潮汐返回之前将树种好。故选A项。
25．【答案】B
【解析】考查限定词、形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们无法为自己的生意腾出足够的时间，”她说。A. hard困难的；B. enough足够的；C. long长的；D. cheap便宜的。根据上文“taking time away from caring for their families and ____21____ their small businesses”可知，她们没有足够的时间经营生意。故选B项。
26．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，Kizingitini的妇女们不再需要为生计和保护红树林而奋斗，这要归功于一项贷款计划，该计划帮助她们维持生计，从而有能力继续种植红树林。A. struggle奋斗；B. stop停止；C. prepare准备；D. determine决心。根据“both make a living and conserve the mangroves”及下文可知，由于一项贷款计划帮助妇女们维持生计，她们不需要再为生计和保护红树林而艰难奋斗。故选A项。
27．【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. attempt试图；B. witness目击；C. afford（有时间）做；D. refuse拒绝。根据“thanks to a loan scheme”可知，多亏了这项计划，妇女们能够有时间继续植林。故选C项。
28．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Abudhi说：“这导致妇女更多地参与保护和社区发展，并减少了性别不平等。” A. unemployment失业；B. resignation辞职；C. participation参加；D. ignorance无知。根据语境，由于妇女们得到了帮助，更多的妇女参与了保护和社区发展。故选C项。
29．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. gender性别；B. wealth财富；C. income收入；D. age年龄。根据上一句可知，越来越多的妇女参与到活动中来，同时减少了性别不平等现象。故选A项。
30．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：红树林可以减缓洪水，被认为是控制气候变化和保护人们免受与变暖有关的灾害的关键。A. cancel取消；B. keep保持；C. accelerate加快；D. slow减慢。根据“flooding and are considered key to controlling climate change and protecting people against warming-linked disasters.”可知，红树林能够减慢洪水的侵袭。故选D项。
Passage 3
（2023春·湖北·高三校联考阶段练习）In a letter to his daughter, Franklin questioned the choice of the eagle as the symbol of the US. He said that the selected design looked more like a(n) 31 . He then explained the respectability and morality of each animal.
”For my own part, I wish the eagle has not been chosen as the 32 of our country. He is a bird of 33 moral character. He is too 34 and does not get his living honestly. You may have seen him waiting on some dead tree near the river and watching the other fishing birds work. When they have caught a fish 35 , the eagle 36 them and takes the fish to his mate and babies. With all this injustice, he is never a good example but like those men who live by 37 the poor. Besides, he is a coward(懦夫). The little King Bird, which is not 38 than a sparrow(麻雀), attacks him bravely and drives him out of its area. 39 , he is by no means a(n) 40 symbol for the brave and honest Americans who have 41 all the British from our country.
“On this account, I am not 42 that the design does not seem like an eagle, but looks more like a turkey. In comparison, I think a turkey is a much more 43 bird. Though it is a little bit silly, a turkey is a bird of 44 . It will not 45 to attack the British who enter his farm yard with a red coat on.“
31．A．elephant B．ant C．donkey D．turkey
32．A．representative B．stamp C．future D．hero
33．A．noble B．official C．bad D．acceptable
34．A．stubborn B．lazy C．handsome D．old
35．A．by accident B．in person C．at length D．on purpose
36．A．helps B．attacks C．loves D．guides
37．A．comforting B．protecting C．praising D．robbing
38．A．bigger B．younger C．weaker D．prettier
39．A．Instead B．However C．Nevertheless D．Therefore
40．A．universal B．bright C．proper D．abstract
41．A．invited B．driven C．received D．met
42．A．displeased B．puzzled C．satisfied D．surprised
43．A．delicious B．stupid C．respectable D．beautiful
44．A．courage B．wisdom C．speed D．size
45．A．want B．need C．decide D．hesitate
【篇章解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了富兰克林对美国象征秃鹰设计草图的个人看法。
31．【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说，选定的设计看起来更像一只火鸡。A. elephant大象；B. ant蚂蚁；C. donkey驴子；D. turkey火鸡。根据下文“... the design does not seem like an eagle, but looks more like a turkey.”可知，那个图样非常像火鸡(turkey)。故选D。
32．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就我个人而言，我希望鹰没有被选为我们国家的代表。A. representative代表；B. stamp邮票；C. future未来；D. hero英雌。根据上文“In a letter to his daughter, Franklin questioned the choice of the eagle as the symbol of the US.”可知，富兰克林不希望用秃鹰代表(representative)美国。故选A。
33．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它是一只品行不端的鸟。A. noble贵族的；B. official官方的；C. bad坏的；D. acceptable可接受的。根据空后“He is too ________ and does not get his living honestly.”可知，富兰克林认为秃鹰又懒(lazy)又不诚实，是个坏(bad)榜样。故选C。
34．【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它太懒了，不能老老实实地谋生。A. stubborn固执的；B. lazy懒惰的；C. handsome英俊的；D. old老的。根据下文“does not get his living honestly”可知，富兰克林认为秃鹰又懒(lazy)又不诚实，故选B。
35．【答案】C
【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：当它们终于抓到一条鱼时，秃鹰就会攻击它们，把鱼带给它的配偶和孩子。A. by accident意外地；B. in person亲自；C. at length最后；终于；D. on purpose故意地。根据上文“You may have seen him waiting on some dead tree near the river and watching the other fishing birds work. ”可知，别的鸟忙着抓鱼的时候，它只做壁上观。等它们终于(at length)捕到一条，它就马上发动攻击(attacks)。故选C。
36．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们终于抓到一条鱼时，秃鹰就会攻击它们，把鱼带给它的配偶和孩子。A. helps帮助；B. attacks袭击；C. loves爱；D. guides指导。根据下文“takes the fish to his mate and babies”可知，这里指它就马上发动攻击，把鱼带给它的配偶和孩子。故选B。
37．【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：面对所有这些不公正，它从来不是一个好的榜样，而是像那些以掠夺穷人为生的人一样。A. comforting安慰；B. protecting保护；C. praising赞扬；D. robbing抢劫。根据上文“When they have caught a fish 　　 , the eagle 　　　　 them and takes the fish to his mate and babies.”可知，别的鸟忙着抓鱼的时候，它只做壁上观。等它们终于捕到一条，秃鹰就马上发动攻击，然后把鱼带给它的配偶和孩子，所以秃鹰更像那些掠夺(robbing)穷人的家伙。故选D。
38．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比麻雀大不了多少的蜂鹟勇敢地攻击它，把它赶出了它的领地。A. bigger更大的；B. younger更年轻的；C. weaker更弱的；D. prettier更漂亮的。根据下文“than a sparrow”可知，秃鹰还是个欺软怕硬的懦夫。就连还没麻雀大的(bigger)蜂鹟它都不敢斗。故选A。
39．【答案】D
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，因此，对于那些把所有英国人赶出我们国家的勇敢而诚实的美国人来说，它绝不是一个合适的象征。A. Instead相反；B. However然而；C. Nevertheless尽管如此；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“He is too 　　　and does not get his living honestly.”及“ Besides, he is a coward(懦夫)”可知，这里表示这些不足使得秃鹰不适合代表美国人民。所以表示因果关系。故选D。
40．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，因此，对于那些把所有英国人赶出我们国家的勇敢而诚实的美国人来说，它绝不是一个合适的象征。A. universal普遍的；B. bright明亮的；C. proper合适的；D. abstract抽象的。根据上文“He is too 　　　and does not get his living honestly.”及“ Besides, he is a coward(懦夫)”可知，秃鹰本身的缺点不适合作为美国的象征。故选C。
41．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，对于那些把所有英国人赶出我们国家的勇敢而诚实的美国人来说，他绝不是一个合适的象征。A. invited邀请；B. driven驱赶；C. received接受；D. met遇见。根据下文“all the British from our country”可知，勤劳勇敢的美国人民则是把大英殖民者赶出了(driven)家园。故选B。
42．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅从这一点来讲，“我”对这个看起来像火鸡的设计图并不会感到不悦。A. displeased不愉快的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. satisfied满意的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据上文提到秃鹰的缺点不足以作为美国的代表，可知，这里指对于这个像火鸡一样的设计我并不会感到不悦。故选A。
43．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，我觉得火鸡更受人尊敬。A. delicious美味的；B. stupid愚蠢的；C. respectable受尊敬的；体面的；D. beautiful漂亮的。根据下文“Though it is a little bit silly, a turkey is a bird of 　 ”罗列了火鸡的有点，因此此处指“我”认为火鸡比秃鹰还要体面些(respectable)。故选C。
44．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管它有点儿傻，但它有勇气。A. courage勇气；B. wisdom智慧；C. speed速度；D. size尺寸。根据下文“attack the British who enter his farm yard with a red coat on”可知，如果英国佬踏进了它的领地，它会毫不犹豫地把他们赶走。说明它有勇气。故选A。
45．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果英国佬踏进了它的领地，它会毫不犹豫地把他们赶走。A. want想要；B. need需要；C. decide决定；D. hesitate犹豫。根据上文“Besides, he is a coward”可知，这里拿火鸡和秃鹰的懦弱作比较，所以此处指如果英国佬踏进了它的领地，它会毫不犹豫(hesitate)地把他们赶走。故选D。
Passage 4
（2023春·江苏·高三校联考阶段练习）I am a patrolman (巡逻警察), sent to check on the family. The young woman sat 46 at one of the back tables of a small restaurant on a highway where truck 47 stopped. Two girls, perhaps four and five years old, watched their mother 48 .
A flash of fear crossed the older child’s eyes as I 49 her. “Daddy left us,” she said. “He 50 put our stuff out of the car while we were in the bathroom.”
“Is that so, little lady?” I said. “I want you two to climb on those benches over there and order something to eat.”
After a while, they crossed to the benches, and I called the waitress to take their 51 .
We sat there 52 organizations and government agencies that could help her. When the waitress 53 hot dogs and French fries to the little girls, I went to the counter and took out my wallet to pay.
“The owner says no 54 ,” the waitress said. “We know what’s going on.”
“Officer, excuse me,” a man said to me. He was a big man in jeans next to the waitress standing by the 55 . I noticed the restaurant was quiet; the customers, mostly long-distance truck drivers, sat 56 in our direction.
“Here,” he said, giving me a handful of paper money. “We made a 57 . There should be enough to get the woman and her girls on their way.”
When I 58 the money to the woman, she began to cry again. Then I called the police station and told the officer who sent me out that the situation had been 59 .
A police officer sees the worst in people most of the time. It is good to be 60 that kindness and love exist out there, even at a truck stop in East Tennessee.
46．A．crying B．eating C．talking D．phoning
47．A．repairmen B．salesmen C．cleaners D．drivers
48．A．patiently B．carelessly C．anxiously D．hopefully
49．A．declined B．approached C．comforted D．recognized
50．A．once B．just C．still D．ever
51．A．food B．time C．order D．seat
52．A．advocating B．exchanging C．announcing D．discussing
53．A．brought B．introduced C．treated D．lifted
54．A．choice B．problem C．charge D．wonder
55．A．counter B．truck C．highway D．bathroom
56．A．laughing B．staring C．shouting D．weeping
57．A．deal B．living C．donation D．fortune
58．A．left B．moved C．handed D．threw
59．A．evaluated B．resolved C．predicted D．submitted
60．A．persuaded B．questioned C．required D．reminded
【篇章解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者是巡警，被派来查看高速公路上一家餐厅里一个哭泣的女子以及她的孩子。孩子告诉作者，她们的父亲离开了她们，餐厅老板以及卡车司机们进行了捐款，帮助了她们。
46．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位年轻女子坐在高速公路上一家小餐馆的后面桌子上哭泣，卡车司机都停在那里。A. crying哭泣；B. eating吃；C. talking谈话；D. phoning打电话。根据后文“she began to cry again.”可知，女子在哭泣。故选A。
47．【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位年轻女子坐在高速公路上一家小餐馆的后面桌子上哭泣，卡车司机都停在那里。A. repairmen修理工；B. salesmen销售员；C. cleaners清洁工；D. drivers司机。根据后文“mostly long-distance truck drivers”可知，餐厅里主要是司机。故选D。
48．【答案】C
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：两个大约四岁和五岁的女孩焦急地看着她们的母亲。A. patiently耐心地；B. carelessly马虎地；C. anxiously焦虑地；D. hopefully有希望地。上文提到女子在餐厅里哭泣，所以孩子是焦急的状态。故选C。
49．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走近大孩子时，她的眼睛里闪过一丝恐惧。A. declined下降；B. approached靠近；C. comforted安慰；D. recognized识别。根据上文“A flash of fear crossed the older child’s eyes”可知，孩子对作者的靠近感到恐惧。故选B。
50．【答案】B
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们在洗手间的时候，他刚把我们的东西从车里拿出来。A. once一旦；B. just仅仅；C. still仍然；D. ever曾经。根据后文“put our stuff out of the car while we were in the bathroom”可知，父亲刚把他们的东西从车里拿出来。故选B。
51．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，他们走到长凳上，我叫服务员来为他们点菜。A. food食物；B. time时间；C. order命令，订单；D. seat座位。根据上文“I called the waitress to take their”指让服务员点餐应用take order。故选C。
52．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们坐在那里讨论可以帮助她的组织和政府机构。A. advocating提倡；B. exchanging交换；C. announcing宣布；D. discussing讨论。根据后文“organizations and government agencies that could help her”可知，这里指可以提供帮助的组织和政府机构。故选D。
53．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当女服务员给小女孩们端上热狗和薯条时，我走到柜台拿出钱包付钱。A. brought带来；B. introduced介绍；C. treated对待；D. lifted举起。根据后文“hot dogs and French fries to the little girls”可知，女服务员给小女孩们端上热狗和薯条。故选A。
54．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“老板说不收费，”女服务员说。A. choice选择；B. problem问题；C. charge收费；D. wonder想知道。根据后文“We know what’s going on.(我们知道发生了什么)”可知，餐厅老板知道了事情的经过，选择不收费。故选C。
55．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他身材高大，穿着牛仔裤，站在柜台旁的女服务员旁边。A. counter柜台；B. truck卡车；C. highway高速路；D. bathroom浴室。根据上文“He was a big man in jeans next to the waitress standing by the”以及地点是在餐厅，可推测这里是站在柜台旁的女服务员旁边。故选A。
56．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我注意到餐厅很安静；顾客，大部分是长途卡车司机，坐在那里盯着我们的方向看。A. laughing笑；B. staring凝视；C. shouting叫喊；D. weeping哭泣。根据后文“in our direction”可知，司机都盯着作者他们所在的方向。故选B。
57．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们捐款了。A. deal处理；B. living居住；C. donation捐赠；D. fortune运气。根据后文“the money to the woman”可知，发起了捐款。故选C。
58．【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我把钱递给那个女人时，她又哭了起来。A. left离开；B. moved移动；C. handed递给；D. threw扔。根据后文“the money to the woman, she began to cry again”指把钱递给女人，故选C。
59．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我打电话给警局，告诉派我出去的警官事情已经解决了。A. evaluated评估；B. resolved解决；C. predicted预测；D. submitted提交。根据上文“the situation had been”以及上文的捐款可知，女人的情况得到了解决，故选B。
60．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使是在东田纳西州的一个卡车停靠站，被提醒善良和爱的存在也是很好的。A. persuaded说服；B. questioned质疑；C. required要求；D. reminded提醒。根据后文“that kindness and love exist out there, even at a truck stop in East Tennessee”可知，卡车停靠站发生了暖心的一幕，所以这里指被提醒善良和爱的存在也是很好的。故选D。
Passage 5
（2023春·湖南·高三校联考阶段练习）I woke to another day of feeling lonely. 61 came in the form of my four-year-old daughter, who 62 onto my chest for her last twenty minutes of sleep. 63 , I rested a palm on her head. Her deep, contented breathing was a   64 that I had to figure out something to ensure she could feel that peace for days to come. I could not rest.
After all, I was the one who had gone against a 65 ruined by fear, disrespect, and isolation (孤立). This was my choice, but now I faced the consequences and the need to 66 my children.
As I awaited the end of my divorce, I was overwhelmed by 67 thoughts. I was at rock bottom, filled with 68 and blaming myself. Why was I unlovable? Wasn’t I good enough? I was 69 . Beyond repair. Or so I thought.
There is a process in Japanese art called kintsugiin which broken pottery pieces are 70 together with gold. On this morning, after rising from the sofa, that 71 began in my life. I decided to return to 72 . Pastor (牧师) Elwood Matthews began to lead me through the lower levels of my rock bottom up to a middle ground. I was shown how to 73 my imperfections in order to produce a more beautiful piece of art. He spearheaded (带头) the process to 74 a stronger me held together by the pure gold of love, patience, self-control, and understanding.
Piece by piece, I began to 75 again. I knew if I could just make it through the pain and work of rebuilding, we would be okay. Now I know that I have always been worthy. I have always been lovable.
61．A．Sadness B．Regret C．Comfort D．Anger
62．A．climbed B．jumped C．sat D．piled
63．A．Suddenly B．Hurriedly C．Anxiously D．Gently
64．A．reminder B．gift C．plan D．warning
65．A．marriage B．dream C．decision D．community
66．A．punish B．protect C．believe D．challenge
67．A．selfish B．open C．negative D．daring
68．A．self-reliance B．self-love C．self-respect D．self-doubt
69．A．broken B．depressed C．relieved D．excited
70．A．took out B．carried off C．put back D．torn up
71．A．origin B．process C．discovery D．story
72．A．nature B．office C．school D．church
73．A．leave B．hide C．accept D．transform
74．A．praising B．rebuilding C．training D．inventing
75．A．shout B．imagine C．lie D．stand
【篇章解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者因为婚姻问题，深受负面情绪困扰。日本古法修复破碎的器皿给了她启示，同时也为了孩子，她重建自己，变得不再自我怀疑，而是自信坚强。
61．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：安慰来自我四岁的女儿，她爬到我的胸前睡了最后二十分钟。 A. Sadness悲伤；B. Regret遗憾；C. Comfort安慰；D. Anger生气。根据“I woke to another day of feeling lonely. ”可知，安慰来自作者四岁的女儿。故选C。
62．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：安慰来自我四岁的女儿，她爬到我的胸前睡了最后二十分钟。  A. climbed爬；B. jumped跳；C. sat坐；D. piled堆。根据下文“onto my chest for her last twenty minutes of sleep”和“Her deep, contented breathing was a  ___64___ that I had to figure out something to ensure she could feel that peace for days to come. ”可知，作者四岁的女儿爬到作者胸前睡觉。故选A。
63．【答案】D
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我轻轻地把一只手掌放在她的头上。 A. Suddenly    突然；B. Hurriedly匆忙地；C. Anxiously焦急地；D. Gently轻轻地。根据“____61____ came in the form of my four-year-old daughter, who ____62____onto my chest for her last twenty minutes of sleep.”和“ I rested a palm on her head.”和常识可知，女儿睡觉，所以作者轻轻地把一只手掌放在她的头上。故选D。
64．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她那深沉而满足的呼吸提醒着我，我必须想办法确保她在未来的日子里能感受到那种平静。A. reminder提醒物；B. gift礼物；C. plan计划；D. warning警告。根据“that I had to figure out something to ensure she could feel that peace for days to come. ”可知，女儿深而满足的呼吸提醒着作者。故选A。
65．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，我是那个反对一段被恐惧、不尊重和孤立毁掉的婚姻的人。A. marriage婚姻；B. dream梦想；C. decision决定；D. community社区。根据下文“As I awaited the end of my divorce,”可知，作者的婚姻出现问题。故选A。
66．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我的选择，但现在我面临着后果，需要保护我的孩子。 A. punish处罚；B. protect保护；C. believe相信；D. challenge挑战。根据“This was my choice, but now I faced the consequences ”可知，作者需要保护自己的孩子。故选B。
67．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我等待离婚结束时，我被消极的想法淹没了。A. selfish自私的；B. open公开的；C. negative负面的；消极的；D. daring 勇敢的。根据下文“Why was I unlovable？Wasn’t I good enough？”可知，因为要离婚，作者被负面的想法淹没了。故选C。
68．【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我处于人生的低谷，充满了自我怀疑和自责。A. self-reliance自力更生；B. self-love自爱；C. self-respect自尊；D. self-doubt自我怀疑。“根据“Why was I unlovable？Wasn’t I good enough？”和“I was at rock bottom”可知，作者充满了自我怀疑和自责。故选D。
69．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我崩溃了。A. broken崩溃的；B. depressed沮丧的；C. relieved放松的；D. excited激动的。根据“Beyond repair.”可知，作者崩溃了。故选A。
70．【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在日本艺术中有一种被称为“金缮”的工艺，即将破碎的陶器碎片与黄金重新组合在一起。A. took out取出；B. carried off带走；C. put back放回原处；恢复正常；D. torn up撕毁。根据“together with gold.”可知，这种工艺将破碎的陶片与黄金放在一起修复。故选C。
71．【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在今天早上，从沙发上爬起来之后，我的人生开始了这个过程。A. origin起源；B. process过程；C. discovery发现；D. story故事。根据“There is a process in Japanese art”可知，作者决定自己的人生开始了这个过程。故选B。
72．【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定回到教堂。 A. nature自然；B. office办公室；C. school学校；D. church教堂。根据下文“Pastor (牧师) Elwood Matthews began to lead me through the lower levels of my rock bottom up to a middle ground.”可知，作者决定回到教堂。故选D。
73．【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他向我展示了如何接受自己的不完美，从而创作出一件更美丽的艺术品。A. leave离开；B. hide隐藏；C. accept接受；D. transform改变。根据“ in order to produce a more beautiful piece of art.”可知，牧师向作者展示了如何接受自己的不完美。故选C。
74．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他带头重建了一个更强大的我，用爱、耐心、自我控制和理解这些纯金来支撑。A. praising赞扬；B. rebuilding重建；C. training训练；D. inventing发明。根据“through the pain and work of rebuilding”可知，牧师引领这个过程，重建一个更强大的自我。故选B。
75．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一点一点地，我又开始站起来。A. shout大喊；B. imagine想象；C. lie躺，说谎；D. stand站。根据“ Now I know that I have always been worthy. I have always been lovable.”可知，作者一点点的又站了起来。故选D。
Passage 6
（2023春·山东潍坊·高三统考阶段练习）As a boy, John Kerr wanted to be a park ranger (护林员). 76 , he spent four decades at a public broadcasting’s station in Boston. He 77 at the age of 65 without any particular post-career goal in mind.
After several lazy weeks, he drove to visit his family by Yellowstone. On the way he 78 stopped at the Yellowstone Park Foundation, which raised funds for the national park. As it happened, the foundation was 79 people to educate park guests on wolves. Kerr 80 for an internship (实习).
To say that Kerr stood out in the intern crowd is a massive 81 . Most interns were college and even high school students. But, in a sense, he had been 82 for this since his youth. His outdoor adventures with his grandfather had given him a love of 83 , and he once volunteered at the local fire department on 84 calls.
From his internship, he 85 a ranger sooner, educating park visitors, making for safe 86 between guests and animals, and responding to medical emergencies. He 87 his job of what he describes as one in the most beautiful places, and moments when he treats a visitor to an 88 look at one of the park’s wolves or bears through his telescope, an 89 that can move visitors to tears.
“These are 90 and all-too-rare moments,” recalls Kerr. “I never forget them.”
76．A．Instead B．Anyhow C．Still D．Hence
77．A．retired B．departed C．graduated D．resigned
78．A．at random B．on purpose C．on time D．by chance
79．A．helping B．requiring C．training D．hiring
80．A．signed up B．moved on C．hang out D．broke in
81．A．honour B．understatement C．relief D．overstatement
82．A．delighted B．determined C．contented D．prepared
83．A．travel B．nature C．drive D．freedom
84．A．business B．guidance C．emergency D．conference
85．A．turned to B．went with C．moved up to D．kept up with
86．A．encounters B．places C．trips D．experiences
87．A．judges B．treasures C．admires D．changes
88．A．open B．anxious C．up-close D．all-round
89．A．effort B．occasion C．imagination D．adventure
90．A．rich B．natural C．urgent D．easy
【篇章解读】本文是记叙文。讲述了65岁的Kerr在退休后，一次偶然的机会，遇到公园招聘实习生，他报名参加，并最终当上了护林员，在作护林员的过程中，收货许多丰富而又难得的时刻。
76．【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他在波士顿的一家公共广播电台工作了40年。A. Instead相反；B. Anyhow无论如何；C. Still还；D. Hence因此。根据前文“John Kerr wanted to be a park ranger”以及后文“he spent four decades at a public broadcasting’s station in Boston.”可知两句间是转折关系，应用Instead。故选A项。
77．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在65岁时退休，心中没有任何特别的职业生涯后的目标。A. retired退休；B. departed离职；C. graduated毕业；D. resigned辞职。根据后文“at the age of 65”根据常识知，在这个年龄应该是退休了。故选A项。
78．【答案】D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：在路上，他偶然在黄石公园基金会前停了下来，该基金会为国家公园筹集资金。A. at random随便地；B. on purpose故意地；C.  on time准时；D. by chance偶然。根据前文“After several lazy weeks, he drove to visit his family by Yellowstone.”可知，他开车去去黄石公园是去看望家人的，所以在黄石公园基金会前停了下来是偶然的。故选D项。
79．【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧，该基金会正在雇人教育公园的游客有关狼的知识。A. helping帮助；B. requiring需要；C. training培训；D. hiring雇用。根据后文“Kerr 　　　　80　　　　 for an internship.”可知，Kerr想实习，所以是在雇佣人做事。故选D项。
80．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Kerr报名参加了实习。A. signed up报名（参加课程）；B.  moved on向前走；C. hang out闲逛；D. broke in闯入。根据后文“To say that Kerr stood out in the intern crowd is a massive 　　　　81　　　　.”可知，Kerr在实习人群中，所以他是报名参加了实习。故选A项。
81．【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：说Kerr在实习生群体中脱颖而出是一个非常保守的说法。A. honour荣誉；B. understatement保守的说法；C. relief救济；D. overstatement夸张。根据后文“Most interns were college and even high school students.”可知，他的同事都是年轻人，而Kerr已经65岁了，所以说Kerr在实习生群体中脱颖而出是一个非常保守的说法，是一种夸张修辞手法。故选B项。
82．【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，从某种意义上说，他年轻时就已经为此做好了准备。A. delighted高兴的；B. determined决心；C. contented知足的；D. prepared准备好。根据后文“His outdoor adventures with his grandfather had given him a love of 　　　　83　　　　, and he once volunteered at the local fire department on 　　　84　　　　 calls.”可知，Kerr年轻时和祖父去户外冒险，曾经在当地消防部门做过志愿服务，所以是做为护林工作好了准备。故选D项。
83．【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他和祖父的户外冒险让他爱上了大自然，他还曾在当地消防部门担任紧急呼叫志愿者。A. travel长途行走；B. nature自然；C. drive驾驶；D. freedom自由。根据前文“His outdoor adventures with his grandfather”可知，和祖父的户外冒险，根据常识，应该是让他爱上大自然。故选B项。
84．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他和祖父的户外冒险让他爱上了大自然，他还曾在当地消防部门担任紧急呼叫志愿者。A. business商业；B. guidance指导；C. emergency紧急情况；D. conference会议。根据前文的“local fire department”结合常识可推知，消防部门应该是紧急呼叫。故选C项。
85．【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：实习结束后，他很快晋升为护林员，为公园游客提供教育，确保游客与动物之间的安全接触，并应对医疗紧急情况。A. turned to求助于；B. went with与…一起存在；C. moved up to升级到……；D. kept up with跟上。根据前文“From his internship”以及后文“a ranger”可知，Kerr从实习生晋升为护林员。故选C项。
86．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：实习结束后，他很快晋升为护林员，为公园游客提供教育，确保游客与动物之间的安全接触，并应对医疗紧急情况。A. encounters相遇；B. places位置；C. trips旅行；D. experiences经验。根据前文“educating park visitors”以及后文“between guests and animals”结合常识可知，护林员的工作就是教育游客，确保游客与动物之间的安全接触。故选A项。
87．【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很珍惜自己的工作，他形容自己是在最美丽的地方工作，当他让游客通过望远镜近距离观察公园里的狼或熊时，这种时刻会让游客感动得流下眼泪。A. judges判断；B. treasures珍视；C. admires钦佩；D. changes改变。根据后文“what he describes as one in the most beautiful places”可知，Kerr认为自己是在最美丽的地方工作，所以是珍惜自己的工作。故选B项。
88．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很珍惜自己的工作，他形容自己是在最美丽的地方工作，当他让游客通过望远镜近距离观察公园里的狼或熊时，这种时刻会让游客感动得流下眼泪。A. open开放的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. up-close近距离的；D.  all-round全面的。根据后文“look at one of the park’s wolves or bears through his telescope”可知，通过望远镜，应该是近距离观察公园里的狼或熊。故选C项。
89．【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他很珍惜自己的工作，他形容自己是在最美丽的地方工作，当他让游客通过望远镜近距离观察公园里的狼或熊时，这种时刻会让游客感动得流下眼泪。A. effort努力；B. occasion场合；C. imagination想象力；D. adventure冒险。根据后文“can move visitors to tears”分析句意可知，空处代指的是前句提到的游客通过望远镜近距离观察公园里的狼或熊这件事，应该用B项“occasion场合”代指。故选B项。
90．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科尔回忆道:“这些都是丰富而又难得的时刻。”。A. rich丰富的；B. natural自然的；C. urgent紧急的；D. easy容易的。根据前文内容可知，Kerr当上护林员后，要教育游客，让他们安全和动物接触，让游客近距离看到动物，游客会感动的流泪，所以工作内容是丰富的。故选A项。