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外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science同步训练题
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这是一份外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science同步训练题，共9页。
课时作业(十) Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Using language
语言知识训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I felt glad that I was now a giver of assistance, not merely a p________ (被动的) recipient.
2．The situation is that his disease is b________ (无法……) our control.
3．In this i________ (例子), there will be no need for further treatment.
4．The b________ (才华横溢的) author made a great contribution to the world's and Chinese literature.
5．It's only one of the many ideas for the o________ (起源) of landbased animals, any or all of which may have been a part of the confirmation.
6．Science has always thought that this was a credible t________ (理论), but only recently has there been enough effective evidence to support it.
7．“I believe that the power of nature can c________ (治愈) chronic diseases, so I stopped treatment after the surgery，” he said.
8．Scientists are making their contribution to save the s________ (物种) from going out of existence.
9．I suffered from m________ (精神的) disability when I was younger, and it totally affected my teenage years.
10．The mission requires e________ (非凡的) patience and endurance.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．More than 100 famous royal films ________ (show) in the city since July.
2．Since your work ________ (finish), you can have a rest now.
3．How many cars ________ (produce) in the institution since 1990?
4．Three new schools ________ (open) in our territory in the past five years.
5．It's the first time that the computer ________ (check) since I obtained it.
6．Great changes ________ (take) place in the foundation in the past ten years.
7．—We want to sit at the table near the fountain.
—I'm sorry, but it ________ (take) already.
8．It's said that the temporary bridge ________ (close) for repairs for months.
9．Our fountain ________ (clean). You needn't clean it now.
10．Up to now, I ________ (finish) twothirds of the registration.
11．Not only are we at the forefront of electronics, but we've received worldwide ________ (recognize) for our achievements in chemicals and engineering as well.
12．It was reported that by the end of May, 2021, more than 33，000，000 people ________ (affect) with COVID19 Flu disease in America.
13．As for me, I believe that effective reading is very ________ (significance) in our life. It provides us not only with pleasure but also information.
14．She is ________ (current) doing research work at an institution.
Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子
1．中国主要计算机芯片的制造已经取得了很大的进步。
Great progress ________________ in the production of major computer chips in China.
2．已经有人警告他，他可能在和军队打交道时遇到麻烦。
He ________________ that he might have trouble when dealing with the military.
3．信息已经发给了公司的领导，告诉他关于证书的情况。
Messages ________________________ the head of the company to tell him about the certificates.
4．别担心那些内部的文件。它们已经被安全地送到了接受者那里。
Don't worry about the internal documents. They ________________________ the recipient safely.
5．更多的新书刚印好，明天你们每个人都将得到一本有作者签名的书。
The further new books ________________________ and tomorrow each of you will have one with the author's signature.
语言能力训练
Ⅰ.完形填空
People who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds. It's __1__ that being full of vim and vigor (精力) helps the body __2__ illnesses, say the researchers from Carnegie (CMU) in Pittsburgh.
“We need to take more seriously the possibility that a __3__ emotional style is a fighter player in disease risk，” says psychologist Sheldon Cohen, the study's lead researcher.
In a previous study, Cohen and his colleagues found that people who __4__ to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms (症状).
Those findings were interesting, but they didn't prove that a person's __5__ affects whether he or she gets sick. Instead, it was still possible that a person's underlying personality is what matters.
Evidence suggests, for example, that certain people are naturally more likely to be outgoing and __6__， with high selfrespect and a sense of __7__ over life. This would mean that who we are, not how we feel, finally decides our __8__ of catching colds.
To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotion) , the CMU team __9__ 193 healthy adults. The researchers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks. They told the researchers about the positive and negative __10__ they had experienced that day.
The results showed that everyone in the study was __11__ likely to get infected. Their symptoms, however, __12__ depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the __13__ two weeks.
Scientists __14__ about whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger __15__ on how healthy we are. For now，it can't hurt to look on the bright side more often than not！
1．A.necessary B．possible
C．doubtful D．certain
2．A.fight B．reduce
C．stop D．remove
3．A.negative B．standard
C．passive D．positive
4．A.failed B．managed
C．tended D．had
5．A.thought B．attitude
C．strength D．quality
6．A.active B．optimistic
C．brave D．healthy
7．A.control B．humour
C．direction D．urgency
8．A.attitude B．sufferings
C．chances D．emotions
9．A.examined B．watched
C．tested D．interviewed
10．A.characters B．feelings
C．attitudes D．thoughts
11．A.equally B．less
C．most D．hardly
12．A.occurred B．differed
C．suffered D．reduced
13．A.same B．exact
C．valuable D．previous
14．A.talk B．know
C．argue D．think
15．A.effect B．feeling
C．impression D．image
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Jane Goodall is best known for her 26year study of the chimps in the wild. There, she made several revolutionary discoveries that made her one of the greatest field scientists of the 20th century.
Born in London in 1934, the expectations for Jane were standard for the time : a marriage to a nice man, followed by a few children. Fortunately, her mother never discouraged her interests: animals and the natural world. Once her mother discovered that little Jane had brought a handful of worms (幼虫) to bed; rather than screaming, she explained that her new little friends needed the soil to live, and together, they took them back to the garden.
Jane was a bookworm who admired Doctor Dolittle and loved the Tarzan novels. Reading did its usual quiet but lifechanging thing: Jane developed a dream to go to Africa and live among the wild animals.
Jane realized her dream on July 14, 1960 when she arrived at Gombe Stream Game Reserve to study the chimps. However, for two months, the chimps escaped when they heard her coming. The only thing she saw was the back of a chimp, running away from her.
“The more I thought of the task I had set myself, the more discouraged I became，” Jane wrote in her first book, IntheShadowofMan.
Eventually, she became familiar with a male chimp and his big family. She observed them kiss, hug, pat each other on the back, shake their fingers at each other.
One day, moving quietly through the jungle, Jane saw the male chimp sit beside a large termite mound (白蚁土堆). He kept taking small branches from trees and putting them in the holes to fish the ants.
In any case, Jane's discovery became the talk of the scientific world. Harvard's Stephen Jay Gould observed, “We must now rethink what the words ‘tool’ and ‘man’ mean or accept chimps as humans.”
1．What did Jane's mother do when she found the worms on the bed?
A．She studied them carefully.
B．She shouted at her daughter.
C．She threw them into the garden.
D．She explained they liked the soil.
2．Which is the major reason that made Jane dream of working in the wild?
A．Doctor Dolittle's invitation.
B．Her interest in chimps.
C．The reading in her childhood.
D．Her mother's encouragement.
3．How did Jane feel during the first two months in Africa?
A．Lonely. B．Frightened.
C．Hopeless. D．Content.
4．What did Stephen Jay Gould's words imply?
A．Chimps should be accepted as humans.
B．Jane's discovery is of great importance.
C．Only human beings know how to make use of tools.
D．The scientists should confirm the meaning of the words.
B
In recent years computer scientists have come up with several different ways of creating false videos of people using Artificial Intelligence (AI). These videos are usually called “deepfakes”. Some deepfakes work by putting the face of one person onto a different person in a video. Others work by taking an existing video of a person and changing it so that the person says or does something they didn't say or do.
At first, creating deepfakes was complex. It required special knowledge, hundreds of pictures of the person who was being faked, and lots of time. Now it's much simpler. There are websites and apps that allow almost anyone to create deepfakes. An app recently came out which allowed users to put their faces into famous movie scenes. The process takes about eight seconds, requires one picture, and can be done on a mobile phone. One group of computer scientists created a program that allowed them to edit the words coming out of someone's mouth in a video just like you might edit a document on the computer.
However, the popularity of deepfakes may cause anxieties. It's one thing to change the faces of famous actors. But what happens if someone puts out a fake video of a politician, for example, making it look like he broke the law? There's also the problem of the time it takes to figure out that something is fake. Even if a video is proven to be fake, it could be too late. Millions of people might have already seen and believed it. On the other hand, what happens if a video is actually real, but people don't trust it because they're told it's a deepfake?
Many deepfakes are so good that only another AI system can tell that they're fake. Experts are working hard to create new AI tools that can identify faked videos. Many people are confident that people can defeat deepfakes soon. However, personally, it is very challenging because this technology has always fallen behind the deepfakes.
5．What does the author focus on in the first paragraph?
A．The way deepfakes work.
B．The way to create false videos.
C．The way deepfakes are named.
D．The way to use Artificial Intelligence.
6．How does the author develop the third paragraph?
A．By making comments.
B．By following time order.
C．By providing examples.
D．By explaining the difference.
7．What is the author's attitude towards developing AI tools to identify deepfakes?
A．Positive. B．Indifferent.
C．Worried. D．Critical.
8．What's the author's main purpose in writing the text?
A．To stress technology development.
B．To introduce deepfakes and the effects.
C．To recommend a new application.
D．To explain the importance of deepfakes.
课时作业(十)
层级一 语言知识训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．passive 2.beyond 3.instance 4.brilliant 5.origin
6．theory 7.cure 8.species 9.mental 10.extraordinary
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．答案与解析：have been shown 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：自7月份以来，该市已放映了100多部著名皇家电影。根据since July可知，应用现在完成时；且films和动词show之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
2．答案与解析：has been finished 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：既然你的工作已经完成，你现在可以放松一下了。根据句意可知，应用现在完成时；且work和动词finish之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
3．答案与解析：have been produced 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：自1990年以来，这个机构生产了多少辆汽车？根据since 1990可知，应用现在完成时；且cars和动词produce之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
4．答案与解析：have been opened 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：在过去的五年里，我们的领地开办了三所新学校。根据in the past five years可知，应用现在完成时；且schools和动词open之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。
5．答案与解析：has been checked 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：自从我得到这台电脑后，这是第一次检查它。本句为“It is the＋序数词＋time that...”句型，意为“这是第几次……”，that从句应用现在完成时；且句子主语computer和动词check之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
6．答案与解析：have taken 考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的十年里，基金会发生了巨大的变化。根据in the past ten years可知，应用现在完成时；take place意为“发生”，为不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态。
7．答案与解析：has been taken 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：“我们想坐在靠喷水池的桌子旁边。”“对不起，那张桌子已经被占用了。”根据句意及already可知，应用现在完成时；且句子主语it和动词take之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
8．答案与解析：has been closed 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：据说这座临时桥因为修理已经关闭好几个月了。根据for months可知，应用现在完成时；且bridge和动词close之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
9．答案与解析：has been cleaned 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：我们的喷水池已经被清理干净，你现在没必要清理它了。根据后句可知，应用现在完成时；且句子主语our fountain和动词clean之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
10．答案与解析：have finished 考查现在完成时。句意：到现在为止，我已完成了注册的三分之二。根据up to now可知，应用现在完成时；且句子主语I和动词finish之间为主动关系，故用现在完成时的主动形式。
11．答案与解析：recognition 句意：我们不仅处于电子技术的前沿，而且我们也因在化工和工程领域的进展得到世界范围的承认。根据句意和结构，形容词worldwide后跟名词性词汇。recognition n．认出，认识，认可。
12．答案与解析：had been affected 句意：据报道，到2021年5月末，美国已有超过三千三百万人感染新冠。根据by the end of May, 2021可以推知这里的时态要用过去完成时，根据句意可知用被动语态。
13．答案与解析：significant 句意：至于我，我相信有效阅读在我们的生活中是非常重要的。它不仅为我们提供了快乐，也为我们提供了信息。根据句意和结构，副词very后跟形容词。significant adj.重要的；显著的；有重大意义的；意味深长的。
14．答案与解析：currently 句意：她目前正在一家机构做研究工作。currently adv.现在。
Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子
1．has been made 2.has been warned 3.have been sent to 4.have been transported to 5.have just been printed
层级二 语言能力训练
Ⅰ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。科学家认为积极的情绪类型能帮助我们减少患病风险，但研究结果显示，参与研究的每个人同样有可能被感染。
1．答案与解析：B 根据后文“say the researchers from Carnegie (CMU) in Pittsburgh”可知，此处是研究人员的可能性(possible)推测。
2．答案与解析：A 根据后文“emotional style is a fighter player in disease risk”可知，是与疾病作斗争(fight)。
3．答案与解析：D 根据后文“a fighter player in disease risk”可知，积极的(positive)情绪可以成为与疾病斗争的战斗者。
4．答案与解析：C 根据后文“least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms”可知，性格倾向(tend)于活泼开朗的人最不容易出现流鼻涕、咳嗽和其他感冒症状。
5．答案与解析：B 根据上文“people who ________ to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms”可知，性格倾向于活泼开朗的人最不容易生病，也就是一个人的生活态度(attitude)会影响他或她是否生病。
6．答案与解析：B 根据前文“that certain people are naturally more likely to be outgoing”可知，性格外向的人往往还乐观(optimistic)。
7．答案与解析：A 根据前文high self-respect可推知，有高度自尊的人也有着对生活的掌控(control)感。
8．答案与解析：C 根据“finally decides our________ of catching colds”以及上下文可知，是我们自己本身决定了我们患感冒的可能性(chances)。
9．答案与解析：D 根据后文193 healthy adults可知，CMU团队采访(interviewed)了193名健康的成年人。
10．答案与解析：B 根据前文“To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotion)”可知，研究人员为了弄清楚性格和情感哪个更重要，他们采访研究对象当天经历的积极和消极的感受(feelings)。
11．答案与解析：A 根据后文“Their symptoms, however，________depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the________two weeks.”可推知，尽管研究对象的症状因情绪类型而不同，但是他们同样(equally)有可能被感染。
12．答案与解析：B 根据后文“depending on the types of emotions that they had reported”可知，他们的报告的情绪类型是不同的。因此，他们的症状因情绪类型不同而有所不同(differ)。
13．答案与解析：D 根据上文“The researchers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks.”可知，研究人员每天晚上都和研究对象进行电话交谈，持续两周。因此，到研究结束为止，症状是先前(previous)两周发生的。
14．答案与解析：C 根据前文“Their symptoms, however，________ depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the ________ two weeks.”可知，研究结果显示研究对象的症状因前两周报告的情绪类型不同而有所不同，没有体现出积极情绪和消极情绪哪个对人们的健康影响更大。因此科学家对此进行争论(argue)。
15．答案与解析：A 根据全文以及“whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger ________ on how healthy we are.”可知，科学家们争论的是，消极情绪和积极情绪哪个会对我们的健康有更大的影响(effect)。
【高级语块】
suffer from患(某种病)，受(某种病痛)折磨；因……而受罚； figure out计算出；弄明白；解决；想出； depend on依赖；相信；信赖：随……而定
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇人物传记，主要介绍了研究野生黑猩猩长达26年的Jane Goodall的成就。
1．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，有一次，她妈妈发现简带着一把虫子上床睡觉，她没有尖叫，而是解释说，她的新的小朋友需要土壤来存活，于是她们一起把它们带回了花园。由此可知，简的妈妈发现床上有虫子时，她解释说它们喜欢土壤，故选D项。
2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Reading did its usual quiet but life-changing thing...”可知，简梦想在野外工作的主要原因是她童年时代的阅读经历，故选C项。
3．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，简在她的第一本书《在人类的阴影下》中写道：“我越想我给自己设定的任务，我就越泄气。”由此可推断出，简在非洲的头两个月感觉很绝望，故选C项。
4．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，哈佛大学的Stephen Jay Gould说：“我们现在必须重新思考‘工具’和‘人’这两个词的含义，或者接受黑猩猩是人类。”由此推断出， Stephen Jay Gould的话暗示着简的发现很重要，故选B项。
【高级语块】
make revolutionary discoveries有革命性的发现； expectation n．期待； standard adj.标准的 n．标准； handful of一把； realize one's dream实现某人的梦想
【长难句分析】
There, she made several revolutionary discoveries that made her one of the greatest field scientists of the 20th century.
句意：在那里，她有了几项革命性的发现，这些发现使她成为20世纪最伟大的实地科学家之一。
句法分析：本句为主从复合句，句子主干为she made several revolutionary discoveries, that引导定语从句，修饰先行词discoveries。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近年来科学家们遇到的有人利用AI技术制作虚假视频的问题及这些问题带来的忧虑。
5．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Some deepfakes work by putting the face of one person onto a different person in a video. Others work by taking an existing video of a person and changing it so that the person says or does something they didn't say or do.”可知，第一段主要讲deepfakes是如何发挥作用的。
6．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“the popularity of deepfakes may cause anxieties”以及下文中for example可知，作者先呈现本段的中心句，然后用多个例子证明deepfakes可能引起担心和忧虑。
7．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“the popularity of deep fakes may cause anxieties”以及最后一段中“However, personally, it is very challenging because this technology has always fallen behind the deepfakes.”可知，作者持担忧态度。
8．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Some deepfakes work by putting the face of one person onto a different person in a video. Others work by taking an existing video of a person and changing it so that the person says or does something they didn't say or do.”以及第三段中“the popularity of deepfakes may cause anxieties”可知，作者的主要目的是介绍deepfakes是什么，它的发展以及带来的影响。
【高级语块】
come up with追赶上；提出；想出；设法拿出； at first起初，当初；come out出来；出现；出版； on the other hand在另一方面
课时作业(十) Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Using language
语言知识训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I felt glad that I was now a giver of assistance, not merely a p________ (被动的) recipient.
2．The situation is that his disease is b________ (无法……) our control.
3．In this i________ (例子), there will be no need for further treatment.
4．The b________ (才华横溢的) author made a great contribution to the world's and Chinese literature.
5．It's only one of the many ideas for the o________ (起源) of landbased animals, any or all of which may have been a part of the confirmation.
6．Science has always thought that this was a credible t________ (理论), but only recently has there been enough effective evidence to support it.
7．“I believe that the power of nature can c________ (治愈) chronic diseases, so I stopped treatment after the surgery，” he said.
8．Scientists are making their contribution to save the s________ (物种) from going out of existence.
9．I suffered from m________ (精神的) disability when I was younger, and it totally affected my teenage years.
10．The mission requires e________ (非凡的) patience and endurance.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．More than 100 famous royal films ________ (show) in the city since July.
2．Since your work ________ (finish), you can have a rest now.
3．How many cars ________ (produce) in the institution since 1990?
4．Three new schools ________ (open) in our territory in the past five years.
5．It's the first time that the computer ________ (check) since I obtained it.
6．Great changes ________ (take) place in the foundation in the past ten years.
7．—We want to sit at the table near the fountain.
—I'm sorry, but it ________ (take) already.
8．It's said that the temporary bridge ________ (close) for repairs for months.
9．Our fountain ________ (clean). You needn't clean it now.
10．Up to now, I ________ (finish) twothirds of the registration.
11．Not only are we at the forefront of electronics, but we've received worldwide ________ (recognize) for our achievements in chemicals and engineering as well.
12．It was reported that by the end of May, 2021, more than 33，000，000 people ________ (affect) with COVID19 Flu disease in America.
13．As for me, I believe that effective reading is very ________ (significance) in our life. It provides us not only with pleasure but also information.
14．She is ________ (current) doing research work at an institution.
Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子
1．中国主要计算机芯片的制造已经取得了很大的进步。
Great progress ________________ in the production of major computer chips in China.
2．已经有人警告他，他可能在和军队打交道时遇到麻烦。
He ________________ that he might have trouble when dealing with the military.
3．信息已经发给了公司的领导，告诉他关于证书的情况。
Messages ________________________ the head of the company to tell him about the certificates.
4．别担心那些内部的文件。它们已经被安全地送到了接受者那里。
Don't worry about the internal documents. They ________________________ the recipient safely.
5．更多的新书刚印好，明天你们每个人都将得到一本有作者签名的书。
The further new books ________________________ and tomorrow each of you will have one with the author's signature.
语言能力训练
Ⅰ.完形填空
People who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds. It's __1__ that being full of vim and vigor (精力) helps the body __2__ illnesses, say the researchers from Carnegie (CMU) in Pittsburgh.
“We need to take more seriously the possibility that a __3__ emotional style is a fighter player in disease risk，” says psychologist Sheldon Cohen, the study's lead researcher.
In a previous study, Cohen and his colleagues found that people who __4__ to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms (症状).
Those findings were interesting, but they didn't prove that a person's __5__ affects whether he or she gets sick. Instead, it was still possible that a person's underlying personality is what matters.
Evidence suggests, for example, that certain people are naturally more likely to be outgoing and __6__， with high selfrespect and a sense of __7__ over life. This would mean that who we are, not how we feel, finally decides our __8__ of catching colds.
To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotion) , the CMU team __9__ 193 healthy adults. The researchers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks. They told the researchers about the positive and negative __10__ they had experienced that day.
The results showed that everyone in the study was __11__ likely to get infected. Their symptoms, however, __12__ depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the __13__ two weeks.
Scientists __14__ about whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger __15__ on how healthy we are. For now，it can't hurt to look on the bright side more often than not！
1．A.necessary B．possible
C．doubtful D．certain
2．A.fight B．reduce
C．stop D．remove
3．A.negative B．standard
C．passive D．positive
4．A.failed B．managed
C．tended D．had
5．A.thought B．attitude
C．strength D．quality
6．A.active B．optimistic
C．brave D．healthy
7．A.control B．humour
C．direction D．urgency
8．A.attitude B．sufferings
C．chances D．emotions
9．A.examined B．watched
C．tested D．interviewed
10．A.characters B．feelings
C．attitudes D．thoughts
11．A.equally B．less
C．most D．hardly
12．A.occurred B．differed
C．suffered D．reduced
13．A.same B．exact
C．valuable D．previous
14．A.talk B．know
C．argue D．think
15．A.effect B．feeling
C．impression D．image
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Jane Goodall is best known for her 26year study of the chimps in the wild. There, she made several revolutionary discoveries that made her one of the greatest field scientists of the 20th century.
Born in London in 1934, the expectations for Jane were standard for the time : a marriage to a nice man, followed by a few children. Fortunately, her mother never discouraged her interests: animals and the natural world. Once her mother discovered that little Jane had brought a handful of worms (幼虫) to bed; rather than screaming, she explained that her new little friends needed the soil to live, and together, they took them back to the garden.
Jane was a bookworm who admired Doctor Dolittle and loved the Tarzan novels. Reading did its usual quiet but lifechanging thing: Jane developed a dream to go to Africa and live among the wild animals.
Jane realized her dream on July 14, 1960 when she arrived at Gombe Stream Game Reserve to study the chimps. However, for two months, the chimps escaped when they heard her coming. The only thing she saw was the back of a chimp, running away from her.
“The more I thought of the task I had set myself, the more discouraged I became，” Jane wrote in her first book, IntheShadowofMan.
Eventually, she became familiar with a male chimp and his big family. She observed them kiss, hug, pat each other on the back, shake their fingers at each other.
One day, moving quietly through the jungle, Jane saw the male chimp sit beside a large termite mound (白蚁土堆). He kept taking small branches from trees and putting them in the holes to fish the ants.
In any case, Jane's discovery became the talk of the scientific world. Harvard's Stephen Jay Gould observed, “We must now rethink what the words ‘tool’ and ‘man’ mean or accept chimps as humans.”
1．What did Jane's mother do when she found the worms on the bed?
A．She studied them carefully.
B．She shouted at her daughter.
C．She threw them into the garden.
D．She explained they liked the soil.
2．Which is the major reason that made Jane dream of working in the wild?
A．Doctor Dolittle's invitation.
B．Her interest in chimps.
C．The reading in her childhood.
D．Her mother's encouragement.
3．How did Jane feel during the first two months in Africa?
A．Lonely. B．Frightened.
C．Hopeless. D．Content.
4．What did Stephen Jay Gould's words imply?
A．Chimps should be accepted as humans.
B．Jane's discovery is of great importance.
C．Only human beings know how to make use of tools.
D．The scientists should confirm the meaning of the words.
B
In recent years computer scientists have come up with several different ways of creating false videos of people using Artificial Intelligence (AI). These videos are usually called “deepfakes”. Some deepfakes work by putting the face of one person onto a different person in a video. Others work by taking an existing video of a person and changing it so that the person says or does something they didn't say or do.
At first, creating deepfakes was complex. It required special knowledge, hundreds of pictures of the person who was being faked, and lots of time. Now it's much simpler. There are websites and apps that allow almost anyone to create deepfakes. An app recently came out which allowed users to put their faces into famous movie scenes. The process takes about eight seconds, requires one picture, and can be done on a mobile phone. One group of computer scientists created a program that allowed them to edit the words coming out of someone's mouth in a video just like you might edit a document on the computer.
However, the popularity of deepfakes may cause anxieties. It's one thing to change the faces of famous actors. But what happens if someone puts out a fake video of a politician, for example, making it look like he broke the law? There's also the problem of the time it takes to figure out that something is fake. Even if a video is proven to be fake, it could be too late. Millions of people might have already seen and believed it. On the other hand, what happens if a video is actually real, but people don't trust it because they're told it's a deepfake?
Many deepfakes are so good that only another AI system can tell that they're fake. Experts are working hard to create new AI tools that can identify faked videos. Many people are confident that people can defeat deepfakes soon. However, personally, it is very challenging because this technology has always fallen behind the deepfakes.
5．What does the author focus on in the first paragraph?
A．The way deepfakes work.
B．The way to create false videos.
C．The way deepfakes are named.
D．The way to use Artificial Intelligence.
6．How does the author develop the third paragraph?
A．By making comments.
B．By following time order.
C．By providing examples.
D．By explaining the difference.
7．What is the author's attitude towards developing AI tools to identify deepfakes?
A．Positive. B．Indifferent.
C．Worried. D．Critical.
8．What's the author's main purpose in writing the text?
A．To stress technology development.
B．To introduce deepfakes and the effects.
C．To recommend a new application.
D．To explain the importance of deepfakes.
课时作业(十)
层级一 语言知识训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．passive 2.beyond 3.instance 4.brilliant 5.origin
6．theory 7.cure 8.species 9.mental 10.extraordinary
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．答案与解析：have been shown 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：自7月份以来，该市已放映了100多部著名皇家电影。根据since July可知，应用现在完成时；且films和动词show之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
2．答案与解析：has been finished 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：既然你的工作已经完成，你现在可以放松一下了。根据句意可知，应用现在完成时；且work和动词finish之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
3．答案与解析：have been produced 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：自1990年以来，这个机构生产了多少辆汽车？根据since 1990可知，应用现在完成时；且cars和动词produce之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
4．答案与解析：have been opened 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：在过去的五年里，我们的领地开办了三所新学校。根据in the past five years可知，应用现在完成时；且schools和动词open之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。
5．答案与解析：has been checked 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：自从我得到这台电脑后，这是第一次检查它。本句为“It is the＋序数词＋time that...”句型，意为“这是第几次……”，that从句应用现在完成时；且句子主语computer和动词check之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
6．答案与解析：have taken 考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的十年里，基金会发生了巨大的变化。根据in the past ten years可知，应用现在完成时；take place意为“发生”，为不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态。
7．答案与解析：has been taken 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：“我们想坐在靠喷水池的桌子旁边。”“对不起，那张桌子已经被占用了。”根据句意及already可知，应用现在完成时；且句子主语it和动词take之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
8．答案与解析：has been closed 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：据说这座临时桥因为修理已经关闭好几个月了。根据for months可知，应用现在完成时；且bridge和动词close之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
9．答案与解析：has been cleaned 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：我们的喷水池已经被清理干净，你现在没必要清理它了。根据后句可知，应用现在完成时；且句子主语our fountain和动词clean之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
10．答案与解析：have finished 考查现在完成时。句意：到现在为止，我已完成了注册的三分之二。根据up to now可知，应用现在完成时；且句子主语I和动词finish之间为主动关系，故用现在完成时的主动形式。
11．答案与解析：recognition 句意：我们不仅处于电子技术的前沿，而且我们也因在化工和工程领域的进展得到世界范围的承认。根据句意和结构，形容词worldwide后跟名词性词汇。recognition n．认出，认识，认可。
12．答案与解析：had been affected 句意：据报道，到2021年5月末，美国已有超过三千三百万人感染新冠。根据by the end of May, 2021可以推知这里的时态要用过去完成时，根据句意可知用被动语态。
13．答案与解析：significant 句意：至于我，我相信有效阅读在我们的生活中是非常重要的。它不仅为我们提供了快乐，也为我们提供了信息。根据句意和结构，副词very后跟形容词。significant adj.重要的；显著的；有重大意义的；意味深长的。
14．答案与解析：currently 句意：她目前正在一家机构做研究工作。currently adv.现在。
Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子
1．has been made 2.has been warned 3.have been sent to 4.have been transported to 5.have just been printed
层级二 语言能力训练
Ⅰ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。科学家认为积极的情绪类型能帮助我们减少患病风险，但研究结果显示，参与研究的每个人同样有可能被感染。
1．答案与解析：B 根据后文“say the researchers from Carnegie (CMU) in Pittsburgh”可知，此处是研究人员的可能性(possible)推测。
2．答案与解析：A 根据后文“emotional style is a fighter player in disease risk”可知，是与疾病作斗争(fight)。
3．答案与解析：D 根据后文“a fighter player in disease risk”可知，积极的(positive)情绪可以成为与疾病斗争的战斗者。
4．答案与解析：C 根据后文“least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms”可知，性格倾向(tend)于活泼开朗的人最不容易出现流鼻涕、咳嗽和其他感冒症状。
5．答案与解析：B 根据上文“people who ________ to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms”可知，性格倾向于活泼开朗的人最不容易生病，也就是一个人的生活态度(attitude)会影响他或她是否生病。
6．答案与解析：B 根据前文“that certain people are naturally more likely to be outgoing”可知，性格外向的人往往还乐观(optimistic)。
7．答案与解析：A 根据前文high self-respect可推知，有高度自尊的人也有着对生活的掌控(control)感。
8．答案与解析：C 根据“finally decides our________ of catching colds”以及上下文可知，是我们自己本身决定了我们患感冒的可能性(chances)。
9．答案与解析：D 根据后文193 healthy adults可知，CMU团队采访(interviewed)了193名健康的成年人。
10．答案与解析：B 根据前文“To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotion)”可知，研究人员为了弄清楚性格和情感哪个更重要，他们采访研究对象当天经历的积极和消极的感受(feelings)。
11．答案与解析：A 根据后文“Their symptoms, however，________depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the________two weeks.”可推知，尽管研究对象的症状因情绪类型而不同，但是他们同样(equally)有可能被感染。
12．答案与解析：B 根据后文“depending on the types of emotions that they had reported”可知，他们的报告的情绪类型是不同的。因此，他们的症状因情绪类型不同而有所不同(differ)。
13．答案与解析：D 根据上文“The researchers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks.”可知，研究人员每天晚上都和研究对象进行电话交谈，持续两周。因此，到研究结束为止，症状是先前(previous)两周发生的。
14．答案与解析：C 根据前文“Their symptoms, however，________ depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the ________ two weeks.”可知，研究结果显示研究对象的症状因前两周报告的情绪类型不同而有所不同，没有体现出积极情绪和消极情绪哪个对人们的健康影响更大。因此科学家对此进行争论(argue)。
15．答案与解析：A 根据全文以及“whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger ________ on how healthy we are.”可知，科学家们争论的是，消极情绪和积极情绪哪个会对我们的健康有更大的影响(effect)。
【高级语块】
suffer from患(某种病)，受(某种病痛)折磨；因……而受罚； figure out计算出；弄明白；解决；想出； depend on依赖；相信；信赖：随……而定
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇人物传记，主要介绍了研究野生黑猩猩长达26年的Jane Goodall的成就。
1．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，有一次，她妈妈发现简带着一把虫子上床睡觉，她没有尖叫，而是解释说，她的新的小朋友需要土壤来存活，于是她们一起把它们带回了花园。由此可知，简的妈妈发现床上有虫子时，她解释说它们喜欢土壤，故选D项。
2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Reading did its usual quiet but life-changing thing...”可知，简梦想在野外工作的主要原因是她童年时代的阅读经历，故选C项。
3．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，简在她的第一本书《在人类的阴影下》中写道：“我越想我给自己设定的任务，我就越泄气。”由此可推断出，简在非洲的头两个月感觉很绝望，故选C项。
4．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，哈佛大学的Stephen Jay Gould说：“我们现在必须重新思考‘工具’和‘人’这两个词的含义，或者接受黑猩猩是人类。”由此推断出， Stephen Jay Gould的话暗示着简的发现很重要，故选B项。
【高级语块】
make revolutionary discoveries有革命性的发现； expectation n．期待； standard adj.标准的 n．标准； handful of一把； realize one's dream实现某人的梦想
【长难句分析】
There, she made several revolutionary discoveries that made her one of the greatest field scientists of the 20th century.
句意：在那里，她有了几项革命性的发现，这些发现使她成为20世纪最伟大的实地科学家之一。
句法分析：本句为主从复合句，句子主干为she made several revolutionary discoveries, that引导定语从句，修饰先行词discoveries。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近年来科学家们遇到的有人利用AI技术制作虚假视频的问题及这些问题带来的忧虑。
5．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Some deepfakes work by putting the face of one person onto a different person in a video. Others work by taking an existing video of a person and changing it so that the person says or does something they didn't say or do.”可知，第一段主要讲deepfakes是如何发挥作用的。
6．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“the popularity of deepfakes may cause anxieties”以及下文中for example可知，作者先呈现本段的中心句，然后用多个例子证明deepfakes可能引起担心和忧虑。
7．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“the popularity of deep fakes may cause anxieties”以及最后一段中“However, personally, it is very challenging because this technology has always fallen behind the deepfakes.”可知，作者持担忧态度。
8．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Some deepfakes work by putting the face of one person onto a different person in a video. Others work by taking an existing video of a person and changing it so that the person says or does something they didn't say or do.”以及第三段中“the popularity of deepfakes may cause anxieties”可知，作者的主要目的是介绍deepfakes是什么，它的发展以及带来的影响。
【高级语块】
come up with追赶上；提出；想出；设法拿出； at first起初，当初；come out出来；出现；出版； on the other hand在另一方面
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