河北省张家口市2023届高三英语一模试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份河北省张家口市2023届高三英语一模试题（Word版附解析），共26页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一模拟考试
英语
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where did the man get the cat?
A. From his neighbor. B. From a pet store. C. From a friend.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Look! How cute the cat is! Thank you so much, Dad, for giving me a pet that I’ve always dreamed of. Is it a baby of our neighbor’s cat or did you buy it in the pet store?
M; Neither. A friend of mine moved to another town, and she couldn’t bring it with her.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who does the man recommend to take care of the flowers?
A. Lily. B. James. C. The woman’s sister.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Who’s going to take care of the flowers while we’re away? I’ve called my sister, but she’s also planning a trip.
M: Oh, I forgot to tell you. Lily will be free in the following month and James told me she loves all kinds of plants.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When will the film begin?
A. At 2:00. B. At 2:15. C. At 2:20.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Do you want an ice cream?
W: Yes, but it’s already a quarter past two. The film will begin in five minutes.
M: Don’t worry. I’ll be back before the opening song is over.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man thank the woman for?
A. Giving him a lift.
B. Extending an invitation.
C. Bringing the documents.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: The train is arriving in 10 minutes. Thank you for driving me here. I hope you could visit our company next month.
W: You’re welcome. Don’t forget to bring these documents.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student.
B. Husband and wife.
C. Salesman and customer.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m afraid I’ve lost my keys. They’re neither in the car nor in my bag.
M: I remember I’ve seen them on the cupboard in the bedroom.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A birthday gift. B. A shopping list. C. A trip schedule.
7. What does Jesse want to do in spring?
A. Hold a birthday party. B. Buy a game player. C. Ride a bike with friends.
【答案】6. A 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M：Mom, can I have a new bike for my coming birthday?
W：Why, Jesse? I thought you want a portable game player.
M：Yes, I used to, but you know every child in our neighborhood has a bike. And I hope I can take a ride trip with them when spring comes.
W：That will be OK，as long as you enjoy yourself.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. What is the woman probably going to do?
A. Have an interview. B. Buy a book. C. Work.
9. Why does the woman suggest taking the subway?
A. It’s less crowded. B. It saves much time. C. It needs less walk.
10. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a square. B. At the bus stop. C. At a subway station.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B
【解析】
【原文】M; Ma’am, is this your glove? I found it on the ground.
W: Oh, yes. Thank you. I didn’t notice. Are you also waiting for NO. 32?
M: Yes, I’m heading for Louis Square.
W: Really? I also get off at that stop.
M; In that case, could you tell me how I can get to Brattle Bookstore? I’m attending an interview there in half an hour.
W: Of course, It’s close to my workplace, But I’m afraid you’ll be late, I mean, look at the traffic.
M: Then, is it possible for me to arrive on time?
W: If you don’t mind, you can follow me and take the subway. You have to walk several hundred meters but the train is much faster than the bus.
M: Thank you so much.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11. What makes the man upset?
A. Serious illness.
B. Failure to finish his report.
C. Criticism from his professor.
12. How does the woman sound?
A. Concerned. B. Critical. C. Forgiving.
13. What will the man probably do next?
A. Rewrite his report.
B. Turn to the woman for help.
C. Ask for Professor Li’s advice.
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. C
【解析】
原文】W: You don’t look very well. Are you feeling ill?
M: No, it’s actually more serious. I was criticized by Professor Li for not providing accurate data in the research report.
W; I’m sorry to hear that, but Professor Li is always known for being very strict with students.You should have been more precise.
M: Yes, I do regret it. But what can I do now?
W: If I were you, I would apologize to Professor Li and ask for his suggestion.
M; Must I rewrite my report? The deadline is drawing near.
W: Don’t worry. Whatever the problem is, turn to Professor Li first.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14. Why is Sara in this city?
A. To attend a meeting. B. To go on a family trip. C. To visit some workmates.
15. What makes Sara dissatisfied with the hotel in the street corner?
A. Its service. B. Its environment. C. Its room size.
16. Who is Roy?
A. The man speaker. B. The man’s son. C. The woman’s workmate.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Sara. Fancy seeing you here. Are you staying in this hotel?
W: Yes, I’ve been here for three days. Oh, you haven’t checked in yet. have you?
M; No, I’m trying to decide between this one and the one in the street corner. Can you give me some suggestions?
W: Of course, I stayed in that hotel last year when my workmates and I came to this city, which was also for a business meeting. The service was OK, but I just couldn’t stand the smell. They didn’t offer smoke-free rooms. And the bed was not clean enough. As for this one, although the rooms are relatively small, they are pretty clean.
M: That’s really important for my family. My son Roy is extremely sensitive to any strange smell.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. How do two shy people usually behave at their first meeting?
A. They avoid each other intentionally.
B. They’re too shy to start a conversation.
C. They ask for their common friend’s help.
18. What’s the speaker’s second suggestion?
A. Building friends’ confidence.
B. Offering friends information.
C. Helping friends make judgments.
19. What should one do after getting two shy friends talking to each other?
A. Think about the next topic.
B. Get involved in the conversation.
C. Leave them talking to each other.
20. What is the speaker doing?
A. Persuading his friends. B. Sharing his experience. C. Hosting a radio program.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Welcome to our program. Today’s topic is Getting Two Shy People to Talk to Each Other.
Perhaps you know two people aren’t intentionally avoiding one another when they first meet; it’s just not in their nature to start a conversation, Actually, you can help them. Don’t worry that your shy friends will feel uncomfortable. In fact, they might be grateful that you help them get past the initial awkwardness.
The first step to get two shy people to talk is to offer an introduction. If you see them sitting together but not talking, walk over and be an ice breaker. A brief introduction with a piece of information that ties them together will be most helpful.
Some shy people tend to tell themselves that they are not good enough. They think that everyone else is judging them. You may be able to help by building their social confidence and belief that they are liked.
Last but not least, figure out what your shy friends have in common and let them know about it. For example, if they are both into basketball, make a comment about the latest game. You might need to include yourself in the conversation at first, but once they become involved in their favorite topic, you can quietly slip away.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Maame
by Jessica George
Maame follows a young twenty-something woman trying to get a hold of her life.After years of living and taking care of her sick father, Maame is moving in with a helpful roommate of her own age, but she’s just gotten fired, and she’s looking for love. The novel explores what it feels like to be torn by life — and it celebrates finally being able to find where you belong.
Tress of the Emerald Sea
by Brandon Sanderson
Tress of the Emerald Sea is a funny story of pirates and magic set in a world where the oceans are made of spores instead of water, and a single drop of liquid could spell a disaster. Sanderson told us these secret projects let him “experiment more”with different writing styles, and the result is a joy to read from an author who’s clearly having the time of his life.
Knight Owl
by Christopher Denise
Of the hundreds of picture books that were published in the months after Knight Owl, there was still no other quite as wonderful. Denise’s expressive art and the sweetest little owl ever, who stars in a story of bravery, friendship, fun wordplay, and the power of pizza,are everything you want in a book to share with kids. You could read this one all day or every night and still love it.
Hotel Magnifique
by Emily J. Taylor
This novel follows Jani and her younger sister Zosa, as they join the staff of a magical hotel that only stays in one place for 24 hours and employs some of the most skilled magicians. At first, they can’t believe their good fortune, but they soon discover disturbing details about the hotel and its owner.
21. Which book may inspire readers to face life bravely?
A. Maame. B. Tress of the Emerald Sea.
C. Knight Owl. D. Hotel Magni fique.
22. What is special about Knight Owl?
A. It’s a picture book. B. It’s specially for teenagers.
C. It’s adapted from a real story. D. It features some kids and a bird.
23. Which type of books might Hotel Magnifique belong to?
A. Romance. B. Fantasy. C. Detective. D. Humor.
【答案】21. A 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四本书籍。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Maame下的段落中“The novel explores what it feels like to be torn by life-and it celebrates finally being able to find where you belong.(这部小说探索了被生活撕裂的感觉，并庆祝最终能够找到自己的归属)”可知，Maame这本小说能激励读者勇敢地面对生活。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Knight Owl下的段落中“Of the hundreds of picture books that were published in the months after Knight Owl,there was still no other quite as wonderful.(在《猫头鹰骑士》之后的几个月里，出版了数百本图画书，但没有一本比这更精彩)”可知，《猫头鹰骑士》的特别之处是它是一本图画书。故选A项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Hotel Magnifique下的段落中“This novel follows Jani and her younger sister Zosa, as they join the staff of a magical hotel that only stays in one place for 24 hours and employs some of the most skilled magicians. At first, they can’t believe their good fortune, but they soon discover disturbing details about the hotel and its owner.(这部小说讲述了贾尼和她的妹妹佐萨加入了一家魔法酒店的工作人员，这家酒店只在一个地方呆24小时，并雇佣了一些最熟练的魔术师。起初，他们不敢相信自己的好运气，但他们很快就发现了有关酒店及其主人的令人不安的细节)”中出现魔法酒店。由此推知，Hotel Magnifique属于幻想类小说。故选B项。
B
Blynn Shideler arrived at Stanford with an award-winning health device. The device addresses a need in the cerebral palsy community. Often, kids with cerebral palsy—a group of disorders that affect movement, balance, and posture—need daily sessions with a physical therapist(治疗专家)to build strength and improve motor skills.
Studying bioengineering at Columbia University, Shideler thought there must be a better way. He worked with other students to design a device that would make it easier for these kids to perform their therapy exercises at home, or anywhere. The result was BUDI-the Biofeedback Upper-limb Device for Impairment—a bracelet(手环) with sensors that tracked motion and provided feedback on how the user could adjust their movements.
BUDI was named “Most Outstanding Design Project from Columbia Biomedical Engineering”. A teenager in Ohio reached out and said, “I have CP, saw your product and would love to see if it works on me.” But Shideler had no bracelets to give him. His team had only built two samples. So, inspired by that message from someone he didn’t know living across the country,Shideler set out to produce BUDI on a larger scale(规模).
In 2021, Shideler got involved in Stanford School of Medicine and planned to start a program that would give children with cerebral palsy the opportunity to try technologies for improving mobility. He got a permission from the FDA’s Pediatric Device Consortium to develop wearable devices. Shideler also attended an introductory session for CardinalKit, an open-sourced platform designed by Stanford researchers for coding digital health research projects.
“I learned about building an app and what we can do with the sensors on smartwatches and phones,” he said. “Maybe BUDI could be designed as software on a smartwatch rather than building bracelets.” If kids anywhere could download BUDI in the app store, Shideler thought, they could have physical therapy on demand on their wrists. It would give them some autonomy, help tackle problems created by a shortage in physical therapists, and reduce the stress on their families.
24. What’s Shideler’s purpose of inventing BUDI?
A. To make a fortune.
B. To help with therapists’ job.
C. To get admitted to Stanford.
D. To make treatment easier for some patients.
25. What can be inferred about the teenager in Ohio?
A. He wanted to try BUDI. B. He thought highly of BUDI.
C. He visited Shideler in person. D. He joined Shideler’s research team.
26. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. The popularity of BUDI.
B. BUDI’s influence on Shideler.
C. Shideler’s efforts to produce more BUDIs.
D. Shideler’s achievement in the medical field.
27. What’s Shideler’s expectation for BUDI in the future?
A. It will have more functions.
B. It can be more available for users.
C. It can help families prevent cerebral palsy.
D. It can be recognized by physical therapists.
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了BUDI，布林·席德勒发明的一种为脑瘫患者治疗练习用的可穿戴设备。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。 根据文章第二段中“Shideler thought there must be a better way. He worked with other students to design a device that would make it easier for these kids to perform their therapy exercises at home,or anywhere.(在哥伦比亚大学学习生物工程时，席德勒认为一定有更好的方法。他和其他学生一起设计了一种设备，使这些孩子更容易在家里或任何地方进行治疗练习)”可知，希德勒发明BUDI的目的是让一些病人更容易接受治疗，故选D项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“A teenager in Ohio reached out and said, “I have CP, saw your product and would love to see if it works on me.”(俄亥俄州的一名青少年伸出手说:“我有CP，看过你们的产品，很想看看它对我是否有效。”)”可知，他想试试BUDI。故选A项。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段中“In 2021, Shideler got involved in Stanford School of Medicine and planned to start a program that would give children with cerebral palsy the opportunity to try technologies for improving mobility. He got a permission from the FDA’s Pediatric Device Consortium to develop wearable devices. Shideler also attended an introductory session for CardinalKit, an open-sourced platform designed by Stanford researchers for coding digital health research projects.(2021年，席德勒加入了斯坦福大学医学院，并计划启动一个项目，让脑瘫儿童有机会尝试改善行动能力的技术。他获得了FDA儿科设备联盟的许可来开发可穿戴设备。席德勒还参加了CardinalKit的介绍会。CardinalKit是斯坦福大学研究人员设计的一个开源平台，用于为数字健康研究项目编码)”可知，第四段主要讲述了希德勒生产更多budi的努力。故选C项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“If kids anywhere could download BUDI in the app store, Shideler thought, they could have physical therapy on demand on their wrists. It would give them some autonomy, help tackle problems created by a shortage in physical therapists, and reduce the stress on their families.(席德勒认为，如果任何地方的孩子都能在应用商店下载BUDI，他们就可以根据需要在手腕上进行物理治疗。这将给他们一些自主权，帮助解决物理治疗师短缺带来的问题，并减轻他们家庭的压力)”可知，希德勒对BUDI未来的期望是它可以让更多的用户能使用它。故选B项。
C
Southeast Asia has a population of about 680 million people and its countries are seeing rapid economic growth. However, it is also expected to be one of the regions which could be most heavily affected by climate change. Natural disasters already regularly affect the region. Two recent examples are Typhoon Rai, which hit the Philippines and Cyclone Seroja, which affected Indonesia. Urgent action is required to build up the region’s ability to adapt to climate change, and it is a collective responsibility.
Electric Vehicles (EVs) have been a hot topic in regard to climate change, especially since 92% of transport-related emissions (排放) in Southeast Asia come from road transport. Some Southeast Asian nations have started focusing on increasing EV production. Indonesia wants 20% of all cars built there to be EVs by 2025 and Thailand wants to hit 30% by 2030. Thailand also lowered taxes on EVs from 8% to 2% to help incentivize consumers.
Grab, a car rental company with a presence across Southeast Asia, has been a strong advocate of turning to EVs. It is actively helping their driver-partners turn to EVs by making them more affordable through partnerships with automakers, energy providers and other key industry players. It already operates the largest EV rental company in Indonesia with about 8,500 vehicles and also has a feature in Singapore called “Eco-friendly Rides” that allows users to be prioritized for a cleaner energy vehicle for their rides. More than one million rides on cleaner energy vehicles have been provided through that initiative so far since its launch in 2021.
However, some argue that EVs have limitations with regards to controlling emissions. Since Southeast Asia primarily uses coal and natural gas to generate electricity, emission reduction may not be currently comparable to that of regions using more renewable energy. Additionally, EV adoption does also generate concerns around dealing with the used solar panels and EV batteries safely, so they are not the be-all and end-all solution to climate change.
28. Why does the author mention Typhoon Rai and Cyclone Seroja?
A. To prove the importance of Indonesia.
B. To show the impact of natural disasters.
C. To stress the reason of climate change.
D. To raise the awareness of economic growth.
29. What does the underlined word “incentivize” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Educate. B. Thank. C. Encourage. D. Protect.
30. What does Grab do to promote EVs?
A. It makes them less expensive. B. It founds more branches.
C. It cooperates with drivers. D. It adds features to their vehicles.
31 What’s a concern about turning to EVs?
A. The driving safety of EVs.
B. The growing need for solar energy.
C. Their efficiency in reducing emissions.
D. The consumption of coal and natural gas.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是东南亚将是受气候变化影响最严重的地区之一，所以东南亚的国家正在努力增加电动汽车的产量和倡导电动车的使用。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“However, it is also expected to be one of the regions which could be most heavily affected by climate change. Natural disasters already regularly affect the region.(然而，预计它也将是受气候变化影响最严重的地区之一。自然灾害已经经常影响该地区。)”可知，作者提到Typhoon Rai和Cyclone Seroja是为了展示自然灾害的影响。故选B。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Thailand also lowered taxes on EVs from 8% to 2%(泰国还将电动汽车的税率从8%降至2%)”可以推断本句中提到的措施是在“鼓励”消费者，划线词incentivize的意思是“鼓励”，和encourage意思相近。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“It is actively helping their driver-partners turn to EVs by making them more affordable through partnerships with automakers, energy providers and other key industry players.(通过与汽车制造商、能源供应商和其他主要行业参与者的合作，该公司正积极帮助他们的司机合作伙伴转向电动汽车，让电动汽车变得更便宜。)”可知，Grab通过使电动汽车更便宜来推广它们，故选A。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“However, some argue that EVs have limitations with regards to controlling emissions.Since Southeast Asia primarily uses coal and natural gas to generate electricity, emission reduction may not be currently comparable to that of regions using more renewable energy. Additionally, EV adoption does also generate concerns around dealing with the used solar panels and EV batteries safely, so they are not the be-all and end-all solution to climate change.(然而，一些人认为电动汽车在控制排放方面存在局限性。由于东南亚主要使用煤炭和天然气发电，目前的减排可能无法与使用更多可再生能源的地区相比。此外，电动汽车的采用也引起了人们对安全处理废旧太阳能电池板和电动汽车电池的担忧，因此它们不是解决气候变化的全部和最终解决方案。)”可知，转向电动汽车的担忧是他们在减少排放方面的效率。故选C。
D
A simple search of Psychology Today shows dozens of posts about New Year’s resolutions. Some of them will tell you that resolutions don’t work and lay out a number of reasons. The rest will give you useful advice on how to try to make them work, while admitting that it will be hard.
The psychology behind this pessimistic view is not difficult to understand.New Year’s resolutions are essentially goals. But,as hundreds of publications in motivation psychology show, goals do not work very well. Indeed, many, if not most, goals are never actually put into practice.
And why should they be? Goals come from the more rational(理性的)part of your brain. Say you want to lose a few pounds or be nicer to people. You are not struggling to see why you want to change.The problem lies in the more impulsive(易冲动的)part of your brain, which sustains your habits and takes over most of your day-to-day actions. Your brain is very good at automatizing behavior, freeing resources for other things. But, when those automatic behaviors conflict with your long-term goals, you struggle.
When you state a New Year’s resolution, or any long-term goal, you are talking to the wrong part of your brain and using the wrong language. “I want to lose weight”and “I want to be nicer to other people” are not written in terms of your habits. You will state those goals, and one day later you will reach for that dessert and shout at your friends.
Should you just abandon New Year’s resolutions? Of course not. You just need to be smarter about it. First, let’s borrow a page from management. People in that field have long known that, to be of any use, goals need to be established in a specific way, which follows the S. M. A. R. T. principle. They have to be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-related. Besides, being aware of your goals is the beginning of change, and any opportunity that motivates you to make them clearer is a chance, be it the New Year or the first day of the rest of your life.
32 What does the search of Psychology Today show?
A. More people prefer to make New Year’s resolutions.
B. There are various reasons for failing to realize goals.
C It’s getting more difficult for people to carry out goals.
D. People tend to be negative about New Year’s resolutions.
33. What determines our habits according to the text?
A. Our long-term goals. B. Our rational thoughts.
C. Our impulsive thoughts. D. Our resource distribution.
34. What’s the author’s attitude to making New Year’s resolutions?
A. Unclear. B. Supportive. C. Intolerant. D. Pessimistic.
35. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. The Psychology Behind New Year’s Resolutions
B. How to Make Your New Year’s Resolutions Work
C. How do New Year’s Resolutions Influence Our Life
D. The Significance of Making New Year’s Resolutions
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了为什么新年决心不起作用，以及如何更好的制定新年目标。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“A simple search of Psychology Today shows dozens of posts about New Year’s resolutions. Some of them will tell you that resolutions don’t work and lay out a number of reasons. The rest will give you useful advice on how to try to make them work, while admitting that it will be hard.(在《今日心理学》（Psychology Today）上简单搜索一下，就会发现很多关于新年决心的帖子。他们中的一些人会告诉你决心不起作用，并列出一些原因。剩下的人会给你一些有用的建议，告诉你如何让它们发挥作用，同时承认这很难)”可知，《今日心理学》的调查显示了人们往往对新年计划持消极态度。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The problem lies in the more impulsive part of your brain,which sustains your habits and takes over most of your day-to-day actions.(问题在于你大脑中更冲动的部分，它维持着你的习惯，并接管了你大部分的日常行为)”可知，我们冲动的想法决定了我们的习惯。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Should you just abandon New Year’s resolutions? Of course not. You just need to be smarter about it.(你应该放弃新年计划吗？当然不是。你只是需要更聪明一点)”可推知，作者对制定新年计划的态度是支持的。故选B项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The psychology behind this pessimistic view is not difficult to understand. New Year’s resolutions are essentially goals. But, as hundreds of publications in motivation psychology show, goals do not work very well. Indeed, many, if not most, goals are never actually put into practice.(这种悲观观点背后的心理并不难理解。新年决心本质上是目标。但是，正如数百篇关于动机心理学的出版物所显示的那样，目标并不能很好地发挥作用。事实上，即使不是大多数目标，也有许多目标从未真正付诸实践)”可知，本文分析了新年决心背后的心理是怎样的，下文解释了为什么会这样，以及最后给出了解决方法，所以A项“The Psychology Behind New Year’s Resolutions(新年决心背后的心理学)”是本文最好的标题。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Apologizing for a mistake might seem difficult, but it will help you repair and improve your relationships with others after that offense (冒犯).
Acknowledge the offense. This is an essential element of a good apology. ___36___Apologies are most likely to be well-received if you show that you recognize who was responsible and who was harmed. For example, saying “I made a mistake” is more effective than saying“mistakes were made”, which fails to clarify responsibility.
___37___In some cases, it’s helpful to explain an offense, especially to explain that it was not intentional and that it will not happen again. But explanations that are long-winded, sound like excuses, or blame the victim (e. g. You were really getting on my nerves.) tend to have an opposite effect.
Express regret.___38___ Expressing these feelings communicates that you recognize and regret the suffering you caused. Be careful of phrases like “That was uncharacteristic of me.” ___39___ Instead, acknowledge your disappointment in yourself and your commitment to improve.
Tell them how you’ll change. Let them know how you’ll change and what you’d do to make that possible. For instance, if you’ve been late once again, instead of just apologizing, share how you’d keep an early alarm to be on time! ___40___
A. Provide a proper explanation.
B. Express your intention clearly.
C. But many apologies don’t do this enough.
D. When you hurt someone, it’s natural to feel shame or regret.
E. A true apology is one where you promise it won’t be repeated again.
F. This might show that you aren’t taking full ownership for what happened.
G. This will enable you to know what means the most to the offended person.
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. D 39. F 40. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了如何为自己的错误道歉。
【36题详解】
下文“Apologies are most likely to be well-received if you show that you recognize who was responsible and who was harmed. For example, saying ‘I made a mistake’ is more effective than saying ‘mistakes were made’, which fails to clarify responsibility.(如果你表现出你认识到谁应该负责，谁受到了伤害，那么道歉最有可能被接受。例如，说“我犯了一个错误”比说“犯了错误”更有效，因为“犯了错误”无法明确责任)”通过举例的方式说明道歉要明确，要真诚，为C项“But many apologies don’t do this enough.(但很多道歉都不足以做到这一点)”中提出的问题提供应对策略，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
【37题详解】
设空处是段首主题句，根据下文“In some cases, it’s helpful to explain an offense, especially to explain that it was not intentional and that it will not happen again. But explanations that are long-winded, sound like excuses, or blame the victim (e. g. You were really getting on my nerves.) tend to have an opposite effect.(在某些情况下，解释一个冒犯是有帮助的，尤其是解释它不是故意的，并且不会再发生。但是，冗长的解释，听起来像借口，或指责受害者(例如，你真的让我心烦意乱)往往会产生相反的效果)”可知，本段主要讲要对冒犯进行合理的解释，所以A项“Provide a proper explanation.(提供一个恰当的解释)”是最佳主题句。故选A项。
【38题详解】
根据下文“Expressing these feelings communicates that you recognize and regret the suffering you caused.(表达这些感受表明你认识到并后悔你造成的痛苦)”和指代关系可知，上文中会出现“these feelings”指代的情绪，同时这些情绪和给别人带来痛苦有关，D项“When you hurt someone, it’s natural to feel shame or regret. (当你伤害了别人，感到羞愧或后悔是很自然的)”中“shame or regret”即下文指代对象，同时是给别人带来痛苦后的感受，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
【39题详解】
上文“Be careful of phrases like ‘That was uncharacteristic of me.’(小心像“那不是我的风格”这样的措词)”提出在表达道歉时，用些措词要慎用，F项“This might show that you aren’t taking full ownership for what happened.(这可能表明你没有为发生的事情承担全部责任)”解释了原因：说“那不是我的风格”说明自己并没有为发生的事情承担全部责任。上下文衔接自然。故选F项。
【40题详解】
上文“Tell them how you’ll change. Let them know how you’ll change and what you’d do to make that possible.(告诉他们你会如何改变。让他们知道你将如何改变，以及你会做些什么来实现这一目标)”提出道歉要承诺改变，给出方法，E项“A true apology is one where you promise it won’t be repeated again.(真正的道歉是你保证不会再犯)”承接上文，说明承诺改变，给出方法才是真正的道歉，照应本段主题。故选E项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Most people will do anything for family, but not many are offered a concrete opportunity to save a family member’s life. Jose Ramirez’s family had that opportunity, and they ___41___ it.
Two years ago, Jose was discovered to be ___42___ from kidney (肾脏) failure. When Jose talked to his ___43___ about it, his younger sister, 19-year-old Kelsey, said she would donate a kidney to him—even before knowing whether a kidney transplant (移植) was a(n) ___44___.
___45___, Jose and his family discovered the Mayo Clinic Kidney Transplant Program. For Jose, the program was especially helpful in explaining and ___46___ his parents of the benefits of living-donor kidney transplants. “For them, it’s two of their kids,” Jose says. “My parents were more ___47___ than any of us, so it was really ___48___ for them to go to the program’s courses.”
Throughout the process, Kelsey remained ___49___ to her initial wish to become Jose’s kidney donor. “When he was qualified to be a transplant recipient, I ___50___,” she says. After several examinations and tests, Kelsey got her wish. She was ___51___to be Jose’s donor. The transplant went smoothly, and now the two have ___52___ their normal lives.
As for his sister’s gift, “You can’t just say thank you,” Jose says. “I don’t know how to explain it. She ___53___ a surgery that she didn’t have to go through.” Kelsey ___54___ that the greatest thanks she could receive are seeing that her brother has ___55___.
41. A. created B. took C. afforded D. lost
42. A. learning B. separating C. surviving D. suffering
43. A. doctor B. donor C. family D. nurse
44. A. option B. aim C. cause D. problem
45. A. Obviously B. Fortunately C. Suddenly D. Undoubtedly
46. A. warning B. accusing C. reminding D. convincing
47. A. stressed B. excited C. amazed D. disappointed
48. A. unwise B. possible C. beneficial D. incredible
49. A. committed B. honest C. used D. equal
50 A. turned up B. signed up C. sped up D. gave up
51. A. encouraged B. challenged C. expected D. approved
52. A. dreamt of B. thought of C. returned to D. adapted to
53. A. performed B. experienced C. required D. refused
54. A. insists B. predicts C. suspects D. determines
55. A. proceeded B. quitted C. responded D. recovered
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. B 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Jose Ramirez的姐姐给他捐肾的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jose Ramirez的家人有过这样的机会，他们抓住了。A. created创造；B. took接受，收取；C. afforded负担得起；D. lost丢失。根据下文“his younger sister, 19-year-old Kelsey, said she would donate a kidney to him”可知，Jose Ramirez的家人抓住了机会，take the opportunity意为“抓住机会”。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年前，Jose被发现患有肾衰竭。A. learning学习；B. separating分开；C. surviving幸存；D. suffering遭受。根据下文“kidney (肾脏) failure”可知，Jose被发现患有肾衰竭，suffer from意为“患病”。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Jose和他的家人谈起这件事时，他19岁的妹妹Kelsey说她愿意给他捐一个肾——甚至在不知道是否可以进行肾脏移植之前。A. doctor医生；B. donor捐献者；C. family家庭；D. nurse护士。根据下文“his younger sister, 19-year-old Kelsey, said she would donate a kidney to him”可知，此处表示“当Jose和他的家人谈起这件事”。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Jose和他的家人谈起这件事时，他19岁的妹妹Kelsey说她愿意给他捐一个肾——甚至在不知道是否可以进行肾脏移植之前。A. option可选择的事物；B. aim目标；C. cause原因；D. problem问题。根据上文“before knowing whether a kidney transplant (移植) was”可知，句子表示“他19岁的妹妹Kelsey说她愿意给他捐一个肾——甚至在不知道是否可以进行肾脏移植之前”，空格处意为“可选择的事物”。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，Jose和他的家人发现了Mayo诊所的肾脏移植项目。A. Obviously显然；B. Fortunately幸运的是；C. Suddenly突然；D. Undoubtedly无疑，肯定。根据“Jose and his family discovered the Mayo Clinic Kidney Transplant Program. For Jose, the program was especially helpful”可知，Jose和他的家人发现了Mayo诊所的肾脏移植项目，这是幸运的。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对Jose来说，这个项目在向他的父母解释和说服活体肾脏移植的好处方面特别有帮助。A. warning警告；B. accusing控告；C. reminding提醒；D. convincing说服。根据“his parents of the benefits of living-donor kidney transplants”可知，句子表示“这个项目在向他的父母解释和说服活体肾脏移植的好处方面特别有帮助”。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我父母的压力比我们任何人都大，所以参加这个项目的课程对他们来说真的很有好处。A. stressed紧张的；B. excited激动的；C. amazed惊奇的，惊讶的；D. disappointed失望的。根据下文“than any of us”可知，句子表示“我父母的压力比我们任何人都大”。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我父母的压力比我们任何人都大，所以参加这个项目的课程对他们来说真的很有好处。A. unwise不明智的；B. possible可能的；C. beneficial有益的；D. incredible难以置信的。根据下文“the program was especially helpful in explaining and ___6___ his parents of the benefits of living-donor kidney transplants”可知，句子表示“我父母的压力比我们任何人都大，所以参加这个项目的课程对他们来说真的很有好处”。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在整个过程中，Kelsey一直坚持她最初的愿望，成为何塞的肾脏捐赠者。A. committed尽心尽力的，忠诚的；B. honest诚实的；C. used习惯于，适应于；D. equal平等的。根据下文“After several examinations and tests, Kelsey got her wish”可知，在整个过程中，Kelsey一直坚持她最初的愿望，remain committed to意为“坚持”。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“当他有资格成为移植接受者时，我就报名了，”她说。A. turned up出现；B. signed up报名；C. sped up加速；D. gave up放弃。根据下文“After several examinations and tests, Kelsey got her wish”可知，句子表示“当他有资格成为移植接受者时，我就报名了”。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她被批准成为Jose的捐赠者。A. encouraged鼓励；B. challenged挑战；C. expected期望；D. approved批准。根据下文“The transplant went smoothly”可知，她被批准成为何塞的捐赠者。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：移植手术进行得很顺利，现在两人已经恢复了正常的生活。A. dreamt of梦想；B. thought of想起；C. returned to回到；D. adapted to适应。根据上文“The transplant went smoothly”可知，句子表示“移植手术进行得很顺利，现在两人已经恢复了正常的生活”。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她经历了一个她本不必经历的手术。A. performed表演；B. experienced经历；C. required要求；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“a surgery that she didn’t have to go through”可知，句子表示“她经历了一个她本不必经历的手术”。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kelsey坚持说，她能得到的最大的感谢就是看到她的哥哥康复了。A. insists坚持说；B. predicts预测；C. suspects怀疑；D. determines决定。根据下文“the greatest thanks she could receive are seeing that her brother has ___15__”可知，句子表示“Kelsey坚持说，她能得到的最大的感谢就是看到她的哥哥康复了”。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kelsey坚持说，她能得到的最大的感谢就是看到她的哥哥康复了。A. proceeded继续做；B. quitted退出；C. responded回答；D. recovered康复。根据上文“The transplant went smoothly, and now the two have ___12___ their normal lives”可知，句子表示“她能得到的最大的感谢就是看到她的哥哥康复了”。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Liu Hong, director of the Culture, Radio, Television and Tourism Administrationin Ganzi,dresses as a swordsman (剑客), becoming a spokesman for the tourism resources of his hometown.
In 2021, Liu caused quite ___56___ hit online because of his appearance. ”I’d like to do something for my hometown. If it helps to promote local tourism, I don’t mind___57___ (be) an online celebrity,“Liu said during a previous interview.
So far, his videos___58___(draw) enormous attention.“He’s exactly ___59___I imagined a swordsman would be like in the old times,” one online comment said. All the short videos ___60___(produce) in Liu’s spare time. Snow mountains, grasslands, forests and lakes — Ganzi, as part of the Silk Road and the Ancient Tea Horse Road,shows great natural beauty and also the cultural ___61___ (integrate) between Han and Tibetan cultures.
After graduating from college, Liu chose___62___(return) to work in his hometown of Yajiang county, where he became director of the tourism bureau in 2002. In order to develop tourism in his hometown, he began taking pictures___63___it and sent brochures to travel ___64___ (agency).
“I love my hometown. I want to do more for it while people still appreciate my presence online. That was my ____65____ (origin) intention,” he said.
【答案】56. a 57. being
58. have drawn
59. what 60. are produced##were produced
61. integration##integrations
62. to return
63. of 64. agencies
65. original
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。甘孜市文化广播电视和旅游局局长刘宏装扮成一名武侠，成为甘孜市旅游资源的代言人。刘因为他的外表在网上引起了不小的轰动。为了发展家乡的旅游业，他开始给家乡拍照，并给旅行社发宣传册。
【56题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：2021年，刘因为他的外表在网上引起了不小的轰动。此处hit是名词，意思是“成功，一个受欢迎的人或事物”，且是以辅音音素开头的词。故填a。
【57题详解】
考查动名词作宾语。句意：如果这有助于促进当地旅游业，我不介意成为网红。动词mind后面用动名词作宾语，意为“介意做某事”。故填being。
【58题详解】
考查现在完成时。句意：到目前为止，他的视频已经引起了极大的关注。根据So far可知，句子用现在完成时，且句子主语是名词复数videos，谓语动词也用复数形式。故填have drawn。
【59题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：他和我想象中的古代剑客一模一样。be动词is后面是表语从句，从句缺少主语，且从句引导词，所以能其双重作用的连接代词what符合句意。故填what。
【60题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：所有的短视频都是刘在业余时间制作的。句子主语All the short videos和谓语动词produce之间是被动关系，根据句意可以指现在，也可以指过去，所以句子用一般现在或一般过去时的被动语态，且句子主语是复数形式videos。故填are produced/were produced。
【61题详解】
考查名词。句意：雪山、草原、森林和湖泊——甘孜，作为丝绸之路和茶马古道的一部分，展现了伟大的自然美景，也是汉藏文化的融合。空前cultural是形容词，修饰名词，所给词integrate是动词，其名词是integration，这里也可用名词复数。故填integrations。
【62题详解】
考查动词不定式作宾语。句意：大学毕业后，刘选择回到家乡雅江县工作，并于2002年成为雅江县旅游局局长。动词choose后面用动词不定式作宾语。故填to return。
【63题详解】
考查介词。句意：为了发展家乡的旅游业，他开始给家乡拍照，并给旅行社发宣传册。此处指“家乡的照片”，表示所属关系，所以用介词of。故填of。
【64题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：为了发展家乡的旅游业，他开始给家乡拍照，并给旅行社发宣传册。此处“旅行社”不止一个，所以用名词复数。故填agencies。
【65题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这是我的初衷。空后intention是名词，由形容词修饰，所给词origin是名词，其形容词是original。故填original。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 你校英文报计划下个月开展中国传统故事翻译比赛。请你写一份征稿启事，内容包括：
1.比赛目的；
2.稿件要求；
3.交稿时间。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
NOTICE
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
NOTICE
To develop students’ awareness of Chinese traditional culture and translation competence, the school English newspaper intends to hold a translation competition.
The materials must be chosen from Chinese traditional stories, which are expected to be translated into English in a correct and enjoyable way. Any student who is interested in translating and Chinese culture is welcome to participate. You are supposed to submit your works to the office of the English newspaper by the end of this month.
Looking forward to your active participation and excellent performance.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。校英文报计划下个月开展中国传统故事翻译比赛，要求考生为此写一份征稿启事。
【详解】1.词汇积累
培养，逐渐养成：develop → cultivate/foster
能力：competence → capacity/ability
打算：intend → plan
参加，参与：participate → take part in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To develop students’ awareness of Chinese traditional culture and translation competence, the school English newspaper intends to hold a translation competition.
拓展句：The school English newspaper intends to hold a translation competition so that students’ awareness of Chinese traditional culture and translation competence can be developed.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The materials must be chosen from Chinese traditional stories, which are expected to be translated into English in a correct and enjoyable way. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Any student who is interested in translating and Chinese culture is welcome to participate. (运用了who引导限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Is this all I got?” asked my daughter, Allison. “I asked for a new cell phone and a tablet!”
“Where are the rest of the presents?” asked my son, Blake. “I wanted a set of golf clubs and a skateboard!”
Money had been tight, and as a single parent, I was doing the best I could. My children received almost everything on their wish lists when their father was alive, but things were different now.
Blake was now thirteen years old and Allison twelve. I knew we had somewhat spoiled(宠坏)them, but I had no idea it was this bad. I looked at my children and their confused faces. My feelings were hurt, but I didn’t want to show it. I was also very disappointed in their reactions to their presents. I was on my own, and I couldn’t maintain our old lifestyle.
That was the most terrible Christmas I had ever had.
The months went by quickly.I was planning our next Christmas celebration in my head a little every day. One day, I learned a local charity was seeking for help for a family that desperately needed help. It was a family that lived on a farm. There were four children in the house ranging in age from three to eight. The father had lost his job. They were a low-income family.
Although living a quite tough life myself, I still felt an urge to reach out to this family. I told Blake and Allison we would be giving gifts to a family that truly needed them. I went on to explain my disappointment in their actions and words the previous Christmas. Blake and Allison didn’t seem happy with the situation, but I was sure I had them thinking about their attitudes last Christmas.
We went shopping that weekend and bought gifts for all the children. We purchased everything they would need for a nice dinner and then picked out somethings to help them get through the winter.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The day before Christmas Eve, we arrived at the small home of this family in need.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It was time to go home, and we said our goodbyes.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
The day before Christmas Eve, we arrived at the small home of this family in need. We were welcome inside with smiles and appreciation. They offered drinks and bread they had just baked. We accepted the treat and took out the things we brought for them. The parents let the children put the packages under their small Christmas tree. They were picking them up, shaking them, and guessing what was inside. Allison and Blake joined the children. Before long, they were laughing and playing together. I think their hearts were full of joy to be able to give happiness to this family.
It was time to go home, and we said our goodbyes. The children gave hugs and kisses, and I could tell our visit had touched Blake and Allison. The drive home was quiet. When we arrived home and went inside, Allison looked at me and said, “Thanks, Mom,” and gave me a big hug.Then, Blake said, “Thanks, Mom, Lesson learned.”“What a meaningful Christmas!”I thought to myself. I knew my children had learned a lesson that would stay with them for a long time.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者身为一个单亲妈妈，为两个孩子准备了圣诞礼物，可是两个孩子却毫不知足。次年，作者对如何度过圣诞节有了新的想法。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“平安夜的前一天，我们来到了这个需要帮助的家庭的小家。”以及第二段首句内容“该回家了，我们互相道别。”可知，第一段可描写作者和两个孩子如何和这个家庭一起度过圣诞节。
②由第二段首句内容“该回家了，我们互相道别。”可知，第二段可描写两个孩子对这个圣诞节深有感触。
2.续写线索：手头紧——不知足——计划下一个圣诞节——急需帮助的家庭——决定一起过圣诞节——做准备——度过愉快的圣诞节——理解与感激
3.词汇激活
行为类
①提供：offer/supply/provide
②打动：touch/move
③使、让：let/make/have
情绪类
①感激：appreciation/gratitude
②开心：be full of joy/be joyful/be happy
【点睛】【高分句型1】We accepted the treat and took out the things we brought for them.（运用了省略关系代词的定语从句）
【高分句型2】When we arrived home and went inside, Allison looked at me and said, “Thanks, Mom,” and gave me a big hug.（本句使用了when引导的时间状语从句）