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2023届上海市徐汇区南洋模范学校高三下学期第三次模拟英语试题含答案
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2023届上海市徐汇区南洋模范学校高三下学期第三次模拟
英语试卷
（本次考试时间120分钟，满分140分）
I. Listening Comprehension (25%)
Section A Short Conversations
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. At an airport. B. At a police station. C. In a hotel. D. In a bank.
2. A. Waiter. B. Car dealer. C. Mechanic. D. Painter.
3. A. 16. B. 50. C. 60. D. 800.
4. A. It provided nice food. B. It was hosted at a great place.
C. It offered a firework show. D. It enabled him to meet an old friend.
5. A. The time is not convenient. B. Her house is not big enough.
C. A few people won’t turn up. D. There won’t be enough food.
6. A. It is rather cool in the lecture hall.
B. No one will be able to see what he is wearing.
C. He expects the weather to change later in the day.
D. The air conditioner in the lecture hall doesn’t work.
7. A. She didn’t want her ticket. B. She wouldn’t use her ticket.
C. She wouldn’t enjoy the game. D. She had forgotten about her ticket.
8. A. The film cost too much despite its high quality.
B. The man didn’t like the film but the woman did.
C. The man missed the film because of the woman.
D. The man saw the film upon the advice of the woman.
9. A. Go back to the hall first.
B. Look for the bag outside the classroom.
C. Go and see if he left the bag in the hallway.
D. Check the classroom to see if he left the bag there.
10. A. The woman would sew them back on.
B. The woman would ask for a full refund.
C. The man would not take the responsibility.
D. The man gave the woman a good suggestion.
Section B Passage
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Sit down and try to calm yourself. B. Run to the point where you’re seen.
C. Follow a stream reaching a lake or river. D. Memorize the route in the woods.
12. A. You may end up entering a wonderland.
B. You may get drowned in a sudden flood.
C. You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers.
D. You may find a way out without knowing it.
13. A. Check the local weather. B. Find a map and a compass.
C. Prepare enough food and drink. D. Inform someone of your plan.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. Conflicts between labor and management.
B. Rights and responsibilities of company employees.
C. Common complaints made by office workers.
D. Health and safety conditions in the workplace.
15. A. They wanted the outdated equipment replaced.
B. They quit work to protect their unborn babies.
C. They sought help from union representatives.
D. They requested to have their posts changed.
16. A. To show how busy they are at work.
B. To show how they love winter sports.
C. To protest against the poor working conditions.
D. To protect themselves against the heating system.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. The relationship between farmers, Ward and Sears.
B. The development of the catalog sales business.
C. The relationship between the catalog and textbooks.
D. The story of a Chicago retailer.
18. A. He wanted to beat Ward.
B. He wanted to help his brother Ward.
C. He thought this business was profitable.
D. He enjoyed competition in this business.
19. A. City residents. B. Farmers. C. Business people. D. Students.
20. A. Schools were short of textbooks at that time.
B. They helped improve students’ skills of spelling and adding.
C. They helped students become familiar with a variety of goods.
D. Students could order things from the catalogs.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%)
Section A (10%)
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Fresh warning sounded on plastics problem
Walk along any beach in the world, no matter how isolated, and you will see plastic of some kind washed up on the shoreline, (21)________(offer) a reminder of the reckless throwaway culture of the present-day world.
Lately, a study (22)________ (sound) a fresh warning on the damage caused to the marine ecosystem due to discarded plastics, which eventually has a bearing on human health due to the seafood we consume.
In a paper (23)________(title) "A Growing Plastic Smog" published on March 8. 2023 in the peer-reviewed research journal Plos One, researchers called on governments around the world (24)________(take) sweeping action to address the "unprecedented plastic pollution" of the world's oceans.
The plastics break down over time into minute particles that cannot be detected by the naked eye, but find their way into the marine ecosystem and into the seafood humans consume. No one knows for certain (25)________ the long-term damage will be to marine life and humans, but the study placed much of the blame on the plastics industry for failing to recycle or design for recyclability. "(26)_______ eaten, microplastics can severely damage an animal's internal tissues,"
"Globally, we have reached a situation (27)________ we can no longer ignore the plastic pollution pandemic that is infecting our oceans," he said.
"This research shows us that beach cleanups and citizen science projects that focus on the environmental fate of plastics have little impact on solving the enormity of the plastic problem. Marcus Eriksen, lead author of the study, said in a statement that the findings were a "stark warning (28)______ we must act now at a global scale". "We've found an alarming trend of exponential growth of microplastics in the global ocean since the millennium, which (29)______(expect) to reach over 170 trillion plastic particles," said Eriksen, adding that the exponential increase in microplastics across the world's oceans makes (30)_______ necessary to "bring in an age of corporate responsibility for the entire life of the things they make".
Section B (10%)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. hints
B. dominant
C. oriented
D. duly
E. rhyme
F. featuring
G. preservation
H. inheritance
I. symbolizes
J. historically
K. morality
Huizhou heritage comes to life
It was a natural choice for veteran Huang Yu, after serving in the army and owning a business in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, for years, to go back to his hometown in Xidi village, Huangshan, Anhui province, in 2016. He took over the homestay his parents opened when he was a middle school student.
In 2000, Xidi and the nearby Hongcun village were declared World Heritage sites by UNESCO for their outstanding ___(31)___ of rural architecture dating to the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) dynasties. Now, walking along the bluestone streets in Xidi or Hongcun, visitors can appreciate the distinctive Huizhou-style houses, ___(32)___ white walls, dark tiles and layered horse-head gables, and feel like they are immersed in a traditional Chinese ink painting.
This level of preservation could not be achieved without the participation of local residents. According to Huang, this awareness is not new - since all streets and alleys in Xidi are paved with bluestone, ___(33)__, street dealers carrying wares on shoulder poles were forbidden from letting their poles touch the ground in order to protect the bluestone.
A local folk ___(34)___ says: "One is not lucky to be born in Huizhou. At 13 or 14 he is kicked out of his hometown to make a living." It ___(35)___ at the struggles once endured by the people of Huizhou. Toward the end of the Ming Dynasty, a group of Huizhou merchants became famous, trading in salt, wood and tea, and working as pawnbrokers (当铺老板) with a reputation for ___(36)___ and honesty.
Some folk customs have been retained and newly ___(37)___ toward tourism, offering glimpses into the lives of the ancient Huizhou people. "These customs are revived as a demonstration for tourists, and to maintain the ___(38)___ of traditional culture. Zhang Wangnan, director of the China Huizhou Culture Museum in Huangshan says “This __(39)___ the combination of intangible with tangible cultural heritage.”
He further suggests that the old Huizhou villages explore and find their own unique, marketable themes. "Each of them should find a ___(40)___local feature, whether it is tea, chrysanthemum or rapeseed flowers, and then make it the theme of the village, so that they can give full play to their distinctive cultural charm."
III. Reading Comprehension（45%）
Section A（15%）
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Most forms of conventional advertising — print, radio and broadcast television — have been losing ground to online ads for years; only billboards, dating back to the 1800s, and TV ads are holding their own. Such out-of-home advertising, as it is known, is anticipated to____41____ by 3.4% in 2024, and digital out-of-home (DOOH) advertising, which includes the LCD screens found in airports and shopping malls, by 16%. Such ads draw viewers’ attention from phones and cannot be skipped or ____42____, unlike ads online.
Billboard owners are also ____43____ the location data that are pouring off people’s smartphones. Information about their owners’ locations and online browsing gets collected and sold to media owners. They then use these data to work out when different groups — “business travellers”, say — walk by their ads. That____44____ is added to insights into traffic, weather and other external data to produce highly relevant ads. DOOH ____45____ can deliver ads for coffee when it is cold and iced drinks when it is warm.
Such ____46____ works particularly well when it is combined with “programmatic” advertising methods, a term that describes the use of data to automate and improve ads. In the past year billboard owners such as Clear Channel and jcDecaux have ____47____ programmatic platforms which allow brands and media buyers to select, purchase and place ads in minutes, rather than days or weeks. It is said that outdoor ads will increasingly be bought like online ones, based on audience and views as well as____48____.
That is possible because billboard owners claim to be able to ____49____ how well their ads are working, even though no “click-through” rates are involved. Data firms can tell advertisers how many people walk past individual advertisements at particular times of the day. Advertisers can estimate how many individuals ____50____ to an ad for a handbag then go on to visit a nearby shop (or website) and buy the product. Such metrics make outdoor ads more____51____, automated and measurable, argues Michael Provenzano, co-founder of Vistar Media, an ad-tech firm in New York.
However, the outdoor-ad revolution is not free of ____52____ . The collection of mobile-phone data raises privacy concerns. And ____53____ of the online-ad business for being vague, and occasionally dishonest, may also be targeted at the DOOH business as it becomes bigger and more complex. The industry is ready to____54____ such concerns, says Jean-Christophe Conti, chief executive of VIOOH, a media-buying platform. One of the____55____ of following the online-ad pioneers, he notes, is learning from their mistakes.
41．A．shrink B．grow C．strand D．emerge
42．A．obtained B．blocked C．separated D．arranged
43．A．making progress in B．getting engaged in
C．becoming part of D．taking advantage of
44．A．value B．record C．knowledge D．intervention
45．A．opponents B．providers C．learners D．instructors
46．A．adding B．collecting C．targeting D．producing
47．A．profiled B．forbidden C．cleared D．launched
48．A．marketing B．evolution C．location D．branding
49．A．measure B．wonder C．notice D．mount
50．A．devoted B．opposed C．related D．exposed
51．A．concept-based B．data-driven C．customer-driven D．research-based
52．A．stress B．conflict C．injury D．problem
53．A．aspects B．demands C．criticisms D．details
54．A．address B．install C．reflect D．emphasize
55．A．benefits B．difficulties C．challenges D．conditions
Section B（22%）
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
（A）
Cathy and Wayne N. who have been married five years are in their late 20’s and childless. The last time a member of Cathy’s family asked, “When are you going to start a family?” Her answer was “We are a family!”
Cathy and Wayne belong to a growing number of young married couples who are deciding not to have children. A recent survey showed that in the last five years the percentage of wives aged 25 to 29 who did not want children had almost doubled and among those 18 to 24 it had almost tripled. What lies behind this decision which seems to fly in the face of biology and society?
Perhaps the most public outspoken childless couple are Ellen Peck, author of The Baby Trap, and her husband, William, an advertising executive who is president of the National Organization for Non-parents. The Pecks insist neither they nor the organization is against parenthood, just against the social pressures that push people into parenthood whether it is what they really want and need or not.
“It's a life-style choice,” Ellen says. “We chose freedom and spontaneity (自发性), privacy and leisure. It’s also a question of where you want to give your efforts — within your own family or in the larger community. This generation faces serious questions about the continuity of life and as well as its quality. Our grandchildren may have to buy tickets to see the last redwoods or line up to get their oxygen ration. There are men who complain about being caught in a traffic jam for hours on their home to their five kids but can’t make the association between the children and the traffic jam. In a world seriously threatened by the consequences of overpopulation we're concerned with making life without children acceptable and respectable. Too many children are born as a result of cultural pressure. And the results show up in the statistics on divorce and child-abuse.”
Her husband adds, “Every friend, relative and business associate is pressuring you to have kids ‘and find what you're missing.’ Too many people discover too late that what they were missing was something they were totally unsuited for.”
And Ellen again, “From the first doll to soap operas to cocktail parties, the pressure is always there to be parents. But let’s take a 1ook at the rate of parental failure. Perhaps parenthood should be regarded as a specialized occupation like being a doctor. Some people are good at it and they should have children; others aren’t, and they should feel they have other alternatives.”
( )56. By asking “When are you going to start a family”, the member of Cathy’s family meant “_______”.
A. when are you going to move into a new house
B. when are you going to buy a house
C. when are you going to get married
D. when are you going to have a child
( )57. In the second paragraph, the phrase “to fly in the face of” most probably means _______.
A. to popularize
B. to follow
C. to go against
D. to strengthen
( )58. According to the third paragraph, the Pecks hold that _______.
A. all young couples should not give in before the social pressures
B. no pressure should be imposed on couples about parenthood
C. strong measures should be taken to help childless couples
D. childless couples face no problems of divorce or child-abuse
( )59. According to Ellen,what has caused many of the problems we face today?
A. Overpopulation.
B. Environmental pollution.
C. Cultural progress.
D. Life-style choice.
(B)
What is PayQwiq?
PayQwiq is a fast and secure payment service that helps you go quickly through the Tesco checkout. It lets you add your credit or debit card details to the app so you can use your smartphone to pay for your shopping with just one scan. Not only that but it collects your Clubcard points automatically. This means you can now go wallet-free in all UK Tesco stores. So why not give it a go? It only takes a moment to download and you will receive these benefits:
l Collect your Clubcard points automatically
l Pay for your weekly shop up to £250
l Use payQwiq offline, even with no signal
l Track your spending in Tesco
Sign up to PayQwiq and collect 100 extra Clubcard points for each week you pay with the app, for up to 5 weeks—that’s up to 500 extra points.
Available to new customers who sign up by 3 September 2018 and make all payments by 31 October 2018. One offer per customer. Only one qualifying deal per week will collect the extra points. Additional payments in the same week will not receive extra points. Clubcard points will be added to a future Clubcard statement.
How does it work?
Head to the App Store or Google Play to download the PayQwiq app.
As soon as you’ve added your card details, you’ll be ready to shop using just your phone.
And there’s no need to worry about your bank details being stored on your phone—they’re all securely protected in our data centers. So not only it is quicker and easier, it’s safer too.
( )60. If customers use PayQwiq in UK Tesco stores, they can _______.
A. get Clubcard points automatically
B. pay for their weekly shop without limit
C. budget their everyday spending
D. win 500 extra points at a time
( )61. From the passage we can learn that _______.
A. users must sign up by 3 September 2018
B. users needn’t add their payment card information
C. PayQwiq can guarantee both convenience and safety
D. PayQwiq can be downloaded only from the App Store
( )62. What is the purpose of this passage?
A. To stress the importance of PayQwiq.
B. To popularize the use of PayQwiq.
C. To describe the feasibility of PayQwiq.
D. To ensure the safety of PayQwiq.
(C)
The most important determining factor of success or failure—at work and in life—is self-awareness, the ability to understand who we are, how others see us, and how we fit into the world.
For millions of years, the ancestors of humans evolved painfully slowly. However, about 150,000 years ago there was an explosive development in the human brain where, among other things, we gained the ability to examine our own thoughts, feelings and behaviors, as well as to see things from another’s point of view. Not only did this transformation create the foundation for art, spiritual practices and language, but it came with a survival advantage for our ancestors, who had to work together in order to survive.
Though we may not face the same day-to-day threats to our existence, self-awareness is no less critical. There is strong scientific evidence that people who know themselves and how others see them are happier. They are smarter, superior students. They raise more mature children. They also tend to be more creative, confident and less aggressive.
But for most people it is easier to choose self-delusion (自我欺骗) rather than the cold hard truth. Our increasingly “me” focused society makes it easier to fall into this trap. Recent generations have grown up in a World obsessed with self-esteem (自负), constantly being reminded of their special qualities. Not only are our assessments often flawed (有缺陷), but we are usually terrible judges of our own performance and abilities—from leadership skills to achievements at school and work. What’s scary is that the least competent people are usually the most confident in their abilities.
How can we avoid this fate? We must work on two specific types of insight. Internal self-awareness is an inward understanding of our passions and aspirations, strengths and weaknesses and so on. And external self-awareness, knowing how others see you, means understanding yourself from the outside in.
For those looking to gain true insight, remember that other people often see us more objectively than we see ourselves and that self-examination can have hidden trap that make insight actually impossible.
( )63. The first three paragraphs mainly talk about _______.
A. the significance of self-awareness in human survival and advancement
B. the sharp contrast between self-awareness of today and the past
C. the necessity of a shift in self-awareness to satisfy the needs today
D. the intelligence gap between modern men and their ancestors
( )64. What’s the problem with “me” focused society nowadays?
A. People’s performance and abilities are overlooked.
B. Competent people tend to be unconfident of their leadership skills.
C. It's difficult to obtain an objective assessment of ourselves.
D. Modern people fail to bring their special qualities into full play.
( )65. Which of the following is an example of external self-awareness?
A. You listen to the comments about you from others.
B. You are fully aware of your strengths and weaknesses.
C. You reflect your behaviors thoroughly every day.
D. You carefully compare your behavior with that of others.
( )66. In the last paragraph, the author suggests that we should _______.
A. develop true insight to judge people more objectively
B. try to avoid the trap set by others
C. gain more insight by means of self-examination
D. pay more attention to external self-awareness
Section C（8%）
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Your furry companion obtains comfort and security from enclosed spaces.
B. Others prefer shoes, bowls, shopping bags, coffee mugs, empty egg cartons, and other small, enclosed spaces.
C. She found a significant difference in stress levels between cats that had the boxes and those that didn’t.
D. A box, in this sense, can often represent a safe zone, a place where sources of anxiety, hostility (恶意), and unwanted attention simply disappear.
E. So rather than work things out, cats tend to simply run away from their problems or avoid them altogether.
F. Thankfully, behavioral biologists and veterinarians have come up with a few interesting explanations.
Why Do Cats Love Boxes So Much?
There is an object that’s pretty much guaranteed to arouse your cat’s interest. That object, as the Internet has so thoroughly documented, is a box. Any box, really. Like many other really strange things cats do, science hasn’t fully cracked this particular feline (猫科的) mystery.
_________67________ In fact, when you look at all the evidence together, it could be that your cat may not just like boxes, he may need them.
The box-and-whisker plot
Understanding the feline mind is extremely difficult. Still, there’s a sizable amount of behavioral research on cats who are, well, used for other kinds of research. These studies have been taking place for more than 50 years and they make one thing quite clear: ________68_______
This is likely true for a number of reasons, but for cats in stressful situations, a box or some other type of separate enclosure can have a strong impact on both their behavior and physiology.
Ethologist Claudia Vinke of Utrecht University in the Netherlands is one of the latest researchers to study stress levels in shelter cats. Working with domestic cats in a Dutch animal shelter, Vinke provided hiding boxes for a group of newly arrived cats while keeping another group from them entirely. ________69________ In effect, the cats with boxes got used to their new surroundings faster, were far less stressed early on, and were more interested in interacting with humans.
The ‘If it fits, I sits’ principle
Some feline observers will note that in addition to boxes, many cats seem to pick other odd places to relax. Some curl up in a bathroom sink. ________70________ This brings us to the other reason why your cat may like particularly small boxes: It’s really cold out.
So there you have it: Boxes are insulating, stress-relieving, comfort zones—places where cats can hide, relax, sleep, and occasionally launch a surprise attack against the huge, unpredictable apes they live with.
IV．Summary Writing（10%）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The Crucial Role of Early Childhood Environment
The environment we are in affects our moods, ability to form relationships, effectiveness in work or play — even our health. In addition, the early childhood environment has a very crucial role in children's learning and development for two important reasons.
First, young children are in the process of rapid brain development. In the early years, the brain develops more synapses (神经元的突触) or connections than it can possibly use. Those that are used by the child form strong connections, while the synapses that are not used gradually disappear. Children’s experiences help to make this determination. The National Scientific Council of the Developing Child compares the development of the brain to constructing a house, stating, “Just as a lack of the right materials can result in blueprints that change, the lack of appropriate experiences can lead to alterations in genetic plans.” Because children's experiences are limited by their surroundings, the environment we provide for them has a crucial impact on the way the child’s brain develops.
The second reason that the early childhood environment has such a strong role in children’s development is because of the amount of time children spend in these environments. Many children spend a large portion of their wakeful hours in early childhood setting. For example, a baby beginning child care will spend up to 12,000 hours in the program. This is more time than he will spend in both elementary and secondary schools. Children will typically spend another 4,000 hours in kindergarten through third grade classrooms.
Anita Rui Olds, a well-known environmental designer, believes that we should design our early childhood environments for miracles, not minimums. She states: “Children are miracles. Believing that every child is a miracle can transform the way we design for children’s care. When we invite a miracle into our lives, we prepare ourselves and the environment around us. We make it our job to create, with great respect and gratitude, a space that is worthy of a miracle!
V. Translation（15%）
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 建议家长们尽量多花点时间陪伴孩子。 (accompany)
73. 看到千姿百态的剪纸作品，我情不自禁地赞叹中国文化博大精深。(The moment)
74. 当被问及究竟是什么使她成为了专业的运动员和尖子生，她将秘密总结为“热情、专注和平衡”。（it）
75. 重要的是，双方要进一步密切合作, 减少摩擦, 在平等互利的基础上实现共赢，以促进经济复苏。(matter)
VI. Guided Writing（25%）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
学校大力推进劳动教育，打算开辟校园农场组织学生进行果蔬花卉种植实践。假设你是校学生会干部李华，负责老师Helen委托你了解同学们对此项活动的看法。经了解，你发现有些同学缺乏种植经验，不敢尝试；有些学生担心种植成果没有实用价值，兴趣不大。请你写封信给Helen, 内容包括：
1.反映同学们的想法；
2.提出建议并说明理由。
答案
I. Listening Comprehension（共25分。1~10每题1分；11~20每题1.5分。）
Section A
1-10 DCBDB ABDDC
Section B
11-20 ACD DDC BCBB
II. Grammar and Vocabulary（共20分。）
Section A
21-30 offering, has sounded, titled, to take, what, Once/ If/ When, where, that, is expected, it
Section B
31-40 G F J E A, K C H I B
III. Reading Comprehension（共45分。41~55每题1分；56-75每题2分。）
41-45．BBDCB 46-50．CDCAD 51-55．BDCAA
(A) 56-59 D C B A
(B) 60-62 A C B
(C) 63-66 A C A D
67-70 F A C B
Summary
There are two reasons why children’s learning and development depend on the early childhood environment. First, the environment where children get their experiences determines the way of children’s brain development. Second, compared to other periods, children spend more time in early childhood settings. So a better early childhood environment should be set for children’s brain development.
72. Parents are advised to spend as much time as possible (in) accompanying their children.
73. The moment I saw the various paper-cut works, I couldn't help admiring the profound Chinese culture.
74. When asked what on earth made her a professional athlete and top student, she summed up it was enthusiasm, concentration and balance that made her did it.
When asked what it was that made her a professional athlete and top student, she summed up the secret as passion, focus and balance.
75. What matters is that the two sides should further the close cooperation and reduce the friction to achieve win-win results on the basis of equality and mutual benefit to facilitate economic recovery.
Section A
1. M: Excuse me, can I open a regular account here?
W: Certainly. Your ID card, please.
Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?
2. W: How much should I pay?
M: Well, I have painted the scratch on the front left door and adjusted the brakes, so it would be $130.
Q: What’s probably the man’s job?
3. W: Hey, this year’s tuition fee has risen again.
M: Yeah, they increased 16 dollars for each credit, and according to the total number of credits for this term, I have to pay an extra 800 dollars.
Q: How many credits does the man earn this term?
4. W: How did the party go yesterday?
M: Terrific! The place was beautiful. The food was delicious and we enjoyed fireworks. But on top of that, I met an old friend there and we had a nice talk.
Q: What does the man like most about the party?
5. M: Helen’s going to have a birthday party on Friday evening. She’s invited a lot of people. If everyone turns up, there will be a squeeze in her house.
W: But a few people said they couldn’t go, so I think it should be OK.
Q: What might be a problem for Helen’s birthday party according to the man?
6. W: That’s an awfully heavy sweater for a day like today.
M: Well, I’m going to be at a lecture in the hall for most of this morning. And you know what the air conditioning is like in there.
Q: What does the man imply?
7. W: The football game was really exciting！
M: So you used that ticket after all!
Q: What had the man assumed about the woman?
8. W: Well, you are back from the cinema. How did you like the film?
M: It was well worth the ticket. But for your recommendation, I would have missed it.
Q: What can we learn from the conversation?
9. M: You haven’t seen my bag, have you?
W: Have you looked in the classroom? I didn’t see you in the hall with it when you came out.
Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?
10. W: Excuse me, I bought this overcoat yesterday. Here is the receipt. The sleeve fell off the minute I put it on. And I’ve noticed that the collar is coming off, too.
M: Why don’t you just sew them back on?
Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?
Section B
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
If you are lost in the woods, a little knowledge can turn what some people call a hardship into an enjoyable stay away from the troubles of modern society. When you think you’re lost, sit down on a log or a rock, or lean against a tree, and recite something that you have memorized, to bring your mind to a point where it is under control. Don’t run blindly. If you must move, don’t follow a stream unless you know it, and in that case, you’re not lost. Streams normally flow through wetland before they reach a lake or river. Though there are more eatable plants, there may also be wild animals, poisonous snakes, and other dangers. Many experts feel that it is the wisest to walk uphill. At the top of most hills and mountains are trails living back to civilizations. If there are no trails, you have much better chances to be seen on top of the hill. And you may even spot a highway or a railroad from this point. Nowadays, the first way someone will search for you is by air. In a wetland or in dense growth, you are very hard to spot. Anytime you go into the woods, somebody should know where you’re going, and when you are expected to return. Also, when someone comes looking, you should be able to signal to them.
Questions
11. What does the speaker advise you to do first if you are lost in the woods?
12. What will happen if you follow an unknown stream in the woods?
13. What should you do before you go into the woods according to the speaker?
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
Since a union representative visited our company to inform us about our rights and protections, my co-workers have been worrying about health conditions and complaining about safety risks in the workplace. Several of the employees in the computer department, for example, claim to be developing vision problems from having to stare at a video display terminal for about seven hours a day. An X-ray technician is refusing to do her job until the firm agrees to replace its out-dated equipment. She insists that it’s exposing workers to unnecessarily high doses of radiation. She thinks that she may have to contact the Occupational Safety and Health Administration to inspect the department. I’ve heard that at a factory in the area, two pregnant women, who were working with paint, requested a transfer to a safer department because they wanted to prevent damage to their unborn babies. The supervisor of personnel refused the request. In another firm the workers were constantly complaining about the malfunctioning heating system, but the owner was too busy or too mean to do anything about it. Finally, they all met and agreed to wear ski-clothing to work the next day. The owner was too embarrassed to talk to his employees. But he had the heating system replaced right away.
Questions
14. What does the talk focus on?
15. What does the speaker say about the two pregnant women?
16. Why did the workers in the firm wear ski-clothing to work?
Questions 17 to 20 are based on the following conversation.
W: What are you doing?
M: I’m ordering some filing cabinets out of a catalog.
W: What do you need them for?
M: There’s so much stuff piling up in my dormitory room. If I don’t do something soon, I won’t be able to move in there.
W: Do you usually order from a catalog?
M: Sometimes. Why?
W: Oh, it’s just in the history class today we were talking about how the catalog sales business first got started in the United States. A Chicago retailer, Montgomery Ward, started it in the late 1800s. It was really popular among farmers. It was difficult for them to make it to the big city stores so they ordered from catalogs.
M: Was Ward the only one in the business?
W: At first, but another person named Richard Sears started his own catalog after he heard how much money Ward was making.
M: What made them so popular?
W: Farmers trusted Ward and Sears for one thing. They delivered the products the farmers paid for and even refunded the money for things the farmers weren’t satisfied with. The catalogs became so popular that in some countries school teachers even used them as textbooks.
M: Textbooks?
W: Yeah, students practiced spelling the names and adding up the prices of things in the catalogs.
M: Was everybody thrilled about it?
W: That’s doubtful. Many say they drove some small store owners out of business. Sears and Ward sold stuff in such large quantities that they were able to undercut the prices at some small family owned stores.
Questions
17. What is the conversation mainly about?
18. Why did Richard Sears start his own business in catalog sales?
19. Who were the main customers of Sears’ and Ward’s businesses?
20. Why were the catalogs used as textbooks?
2023届上海市徐汇区南洋模范学校高三下学期第三次模拟
英语试卷
（本次考试时间120分钟，满分140分）
I. Listening Comprehension (25%)
Section A Short Conversations
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. At an airport. B. At a police station. C. In a hotel. D. In a bank.
2. A. Waiter. B. Car dealer. C. Mechanic. D. Painter.
3. A. 16. B. 50. C. 60. D. 800.
4. A. It provided nice food. B. It was hosted at a great place.
C. It offered a firework show. D. It enabled him to meet an old friend.
5. A. The time is not convenient. B. Her house is not big enough.
C. A few people won’t turn up. D. There won’t be enough food.
6. A. It is rather cool in the lecture hall.
B. No one will be able to see what he is wearing.
C. He expects the weather to change later in the day.
D. The air conditioner in the lecture hall doesn’t work.
7. A. She didn’t want her ticket. B. She wouldn’t use her ticket.
C. She wouldn’t enjoy the game. D. She had forgotten about her ticket.
8. A. The film cost too much despite its high quality.
B. The man didn’t like the film but the woman did.
C. The man missed the film because of the woman.
D. The man saw the film upon the advice of the woman.
9. A. Go back to the hall first.
B. Look for the bag outside the classroom.
C. Go and see if he left the bag in the hallway.
D. Check the classroom to see if he left the bag there.
10. A. The woman would sew them back on.
B. The woman would ask for a full refund.
C. The man would not take the responsibility.
D. The man gave the woman a good suggestion.
Section B Passage
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Sit down and try to calm yourself. B. Run to the point where you’re seen.
C. Follow a stream reaching a lake or river. D. Memorize the route in the woods.
12. A. You may end up entering a wonderland.
B. You may get drowned in a sudden flood.
C. You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers.
D. You may find a way out without knowing it.
13. A. Check the local weather. B. Find a map and a compass.
C. Prepare enough food and drink. D. Inform someone of your plan.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. Conflicts between labor and management.
B. Rights and responsibilities of company employees.
C. Common complaints made by office workers.
D. Health and safety conditions in the workplace.
15. A. They wanted the outdated equipment replaced.
B. They quit work to protect their unborn babies.
C. They sought help from union representatives.
D. They requested to have their posts changed.
16. A. To show how busy they are at work.
B. To show how they love winter sports.
C. To protest against the poor working conditions.
D. To protect themselves against the heating system.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. The relationship between farmers, Ward and Sears.
B. The development of the catalog sales business.
C. The relationship between the catalog and textbooks.
D. The story of a Chicago retailer.
18. A. He wanted to beat Ward.
B. He wanted to help his brother Ward.
C. He thought this business was profitable.
D. He enjoyed competition in this business.
19. A. City residents. B. Farmers. C. Business people. D. Students.
20. A. Schools were short of textbooks at that time.
B. They helped improve students’ skills of spelling and adding.
C. They helped students become familiar with a variety of goods.
D. Students could order things from the catalogs.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%)
Section A (10%)
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Fresh warning sounded on plastics problem
Walk along any beach in the world, no matter how isolated, and you will see plastic of some kind washed up on the shoreline, (21)________(offer) a reminder of the reckless throwaway culture of the present-day world.
Lately, a study (22)________ (sound) a fresh warning on the damage caused to the marine ecosystem due to discarded plastics, which eventually has a bearing on human health due to the seafood we consume.
In a paper (23)________(title) "A Growing Plastic Smog" published on March 8. 2023 in the peer-reviewed research journal Plos One, researchers called on governments around the world (24)________(take) sweeping action to address the "unprecedented plastic pollution" of the world's oceans.
The plastics break down over time into minute particles that cannot be detected by the naked eye, but find their way into the marine ecosystem and into the seafood humans consume. No one knows for certain (25)________ the long-term damage will be to marine life and humans, but the study placed much of the blame on the plastics industry for failing to recycle or design for recyclability. "(26)_______ eaten, microplastics can severely damage an animal's internal tissues,"
"Globally, we have reached a situation (27)________ we can no longer ignore the plastic pollution pandemic that is infecting our oceans," he said.
"This research shows us that beach cleanups and citizen science projects that focus on the environmental fate of plastics have little impact on solving the enormity of the plastic problem. Marcus Eriksen, lead author of the study, said in a statement that the findings were a "stark warning (28)______ we must act now at a global scale". "We've found an alarming trend of exponential growth of microplastics in the global ocean since the millennium, which (29)______(expect) to reach over 170 trillion plastic particles," said Eriksen, adding that the exponential increase in microplastics across the world's oceans makes (30)_______ necessary to "bring in an age of corporate responsibility for the entire life of the things they make".
Section B (10%)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. hints
B. dominant
C. oriented
D. duly
E. rhyme
F. featuring
G. preservation
H. inheritance
I. symbolizes
J. historically
K. morality
Huizhou heritage comes to life
It was a natural choice for veteran Huang Yu, after serving in the army and owning a business in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, for years, to go back to his hometown in Xidi village, Huangshan, Anhui province, in 2016. He took over the homestay his parents opened when he was a middle school student.
In 2000, Xidi and the nearby Hongcun village were declared World Heritage sites by UNESCO for their outstanding ___(31)___ of rural architecture dating to the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) dynasties. Now, walking along the bluestone streets in Xidi or Hongcun, visitors can appreciate the distinctive Huizhou-style houses, ___(32)___ white walls, dark tiles and layered horse-head gables, and feel like they are immersed in a traditional Chinese ink painting.
This level of preservation could not be achieved without the participation of local residents. According to Huang, this awareness is not new - since all streets and alleys in Xidi are paved with bluestone, ___(33)__, street dealers carrying wares on shoulder poles were forbidden from letting their poles touch the ground in order to protect the bluestone.
A local folk ___(34)___ says: "One is not lucky to be born in Huizhou. At 13 or 14 he is kicked out of his hometown to make a living." It ___(35)___ at the struggles once endured by the people of Huizhou. Toward the end of the Ming Dynasty, a group of Huizhou merchants became famous, trading in salt, wood and tea, and working as pawnbrokers (当铺老板) with a reputation for ___(36)___ and honesty.
Some folk customs have been retained and newly ___(37)___ toward tourism, offering glimpses into the lives of the ancient Huizhou people. "These customs are revived as a demonstration for tourists, and to maintain the ___(38)___ of traditional culture. Zhang Wangnan, director of the China Huizhou Culture Museum in Huangshan says “This __(39)___ the combination of intangible with tangible cultural heritage.”
He further suggests that the old Huizhou villages explore and find their own unique, marketable themes. "Each of them should find a ___(40)___local feature, whether it is tea, chrysanthemum or rapeseed flowers, and then make it the theme of the village, so that they can give full play to their distinctive cultural charm."
III. Reading Comprehension（45%）
Section A（15%）
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Most forms of conventional advertising — print, radio and broadcast television — have been losing ground to online ads for years; only billboards, dating back to the 1800s, and TV ads are holding their own. Such out-of-home advertising, as it is known, is anticipated to____41____ by 3.4% in 2024, and digital out-of-home (DOOH) advertising, which includes the LCD screens found in airports and shopping malls, by 16%. Such ads draw viewers’ attention from phones and cannot be skipped or ____42____, unlike ads online.
Billboard owners are also ____43____ the location data that are pouring off people’s smartphones. Information about their owners’ locations and online browsing gets collected and sold to media owners. They then use these data to work out when different groups — “business travellers”, say — walk by their ads. That____44____ is added to insights into traffic, weather and other external data to produce highly relevant ads. DOOH ____45____ can deliver ads for coffee when it is cold and iced drinks when it is warm.
Such ____46____ works particularly well when it is combined with “programmatic” advertising methods, a term that describes the use of data to automate and improve ads. In the past year billboard owners such as Clear Channel and jcDecaux have ____47____ programmatic platforms which allow brands and media buyers to select, purchase and place ads in minutes, rather than days or weeks. It is said that outdoor ads will increasingly be bought like online ones, based on audience and views as well as____48____.
That is possible because billboard owners claim to be able to ____49____ how well their ads are working, even though no “click-through” rates are involved. Data firms can tell advertisers how many people walk past individual advertisements at particular times of the day. Advertisers can estimate how many individuals ____50____ to an ad for a handbag then go on to visit a nearby shop (or website) and buy the product. Such metrics make outdoor ads more____51____, automated and measurable, argues Michael Provenzano, co-founder of Vistar Media, an ad-tech firm in New York.
However, the outdoor-ad revolution is not free of ____52____ . The collection of mobile-phone data raises privacy concerns. And ____53____ of the online-ad business for being vague, and occasionally dishonest, may also be targeted at the DOOH business as it becomes bigger and more complex. The industry is ready to____54____ such concerns, says Jean-Christophe Conti, chief executive of VIOOH, a media-buying platform. One of the____55____ of following the online-ad pioneers, he notes, is learning from their mistakes.
41．A．shrink B．grow C．strand D．emerge
42．A．obtained B．blocked C．separated D．arranged
43．A．making progress in B．getting engaged in
C．becoming part of D．taking advantage of
44．A．value B．record C．knowledge D．intervention
45．A．opponents B．providers C．learners D．instructors
46．A．adding B．collecting C．targeting D．producing
47．A．profiled B．forbidden C．cleared D．launched
48．A．marketing B．evolution C．location D．branding
49．A．measure B．wonder C．notice D．mount
50．A．devoted B．opposed C．related D．exposed
51．A．concept-based B．data-driven C．customer-driven D．research-based
52．A．stress B．conflict C．injury D．problem
53．A．aspects B．demands C．criticisms D．details
54．A．address B．install C．reflect D．emphasize
55．A．benefits B．difficulties C．challenges D．conditions
Section B（22%）
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
（A）
Cathy and Wayne N. who have been married five years are in their late 20’s and childless. The last time a member of Cathy’s family asked, “When are you going to start a family?” Her answer was “We are a family!”
Cathy and Wayne belong to a growing number of young married couples who are deciding not to have children. A recent survey showed that in the last five years the percentage of wives aged 25 to 29 who did not want children had almost doubled and among those 18 to 24 it had almost tripled. What lies behind this decision which seems to fly in the face of biology and society?
Perhaps the most public outspoken childless couple are Ellen Peck, author of The Baby Trap, and her husband, William, an advertising executive who is president of the National Organization for Non-parents. The Pecks insist neither they nor the organization is against parenthood, just against the social pressures that push people into parenthood whether it is what they really want and need or not.
“It's a life-style choice,” Ellen says. “We chose freedom and spontaneity (自发性), privacy and leisure. It’s also a question of where you want to give your efforts — within your own family or in the larger community. This generation faces serious questions about the continuity of life and as well as its quality. Our grandchildren may have to buy tickets to see the last redwoods or line up to get their oxygen ration. There are men who complain about being caught in a traffic jam for hours on their home to their five kids but can’t make the association between the children and the traffic jam. In a world seriously threatened by the consequences of overpopulation we're concerned with making life without children acceptable and respectable. Too many children are born as a result of cultural pressure. And the results show up in the statistics on divorce and child-abuse.”
Her husband adds, “Every friend, relative and business associate is pressuring you to have kids ‘and find what you're missing.’ Too many people discover too late that what they were missing was something they were totally unsuited for.”
And Ellen again, “From the first doll to soap operas to cocktail parties, the pressure is always there to be parents. But let’s take a 1ook at the rate of parental failure. Perhaps parenthood should be regarded as a specialized occupation like being a doctor. Some people are good at it and they should have children; others aren’t, and they should feel they have other alternatives.”
( )56. By asking “When are you going to start a family”, the member of Cathy’s family meant “_______”.
A. when are you going to move into a new house
B. when are you going to buy a house
C. when are you going to get married
D. when are you going to have a child
( )57. In the second paragraph, the phrase “to fly in the face of” most probably means _______.
A. to popularize
B. to follow
C. to go against
D. to strengthen
( )58. According to the third paragraph, the Pecks hold that _______.
A. all young couples should not give in before the social pressures
B. no pressure should be imposed on couples about parenthood
C. strong measures should be taken to help childless couples
D. childless couples face no problems of divorce or child-abuse
( )59. According to Ellen,what has caused many of the problems we face today?
A. Overpopulation.
B. Environmental pollution.
C. Cultural progress.
D. Life-style choice.
(B)
What is PayQwiq?
PayQwiq is a fast and secure payment service that helps you go quickly through the Tesco checkout. It lets you add your credit or debit card details to the app so you can use your smartphone to pay for your shopping with just one scan. Not only that but it collects your Clubcard points automatically. This means you can now go wallet-free in all UK Tesco stores. So why not give it a go? It only takes a moment to download and you will receive these benefits:
l Collect your Clubcard points automatically
l Pay for your weekly shop up to £250
l Use payQwiq offline, even with no signal
l Track your spending in Tesco
Sign up to PayQwiq and collect 100 extra Clubcard points for each week you pay with the app, for up to 5 weeks—that’s up to 500 extra points.
Available to new customers who sign up by 3 September 2018 and make all payments by 31 October 2018. One offer per customer. Only one qualifying deal per week will collect the extra points. Additional payments in the same week will not receive extra points. Clubcard points will be added to a future Clubcard statement.
How does it work?
Head to the App Store or Google Play to download the PayQwiq app.
As soon as you’ve added your card details, you’ll be ready to shop using just your phone.
And there’s no need to worry about your bank details being stored on your phone—they’re all securely protected in our data centers. So not only it is quicker and easier, it’s safer too.
( )60. If customers use PayQwiq in UK Tesco stores, they can _______.
A. get Clubcard points automatically
B. pay for their weekly shop without limit
C. budget their everyday spending
D. win 500 extra points at a time
( )61. From the passage we can learn that _______.
A. users must sign up by 3 September 2018
B. users needn’t add their payment card information
C. PayQwiq can guarantee both convenience and safety
D. PayQwiq can be downloaded only from the App Store
( )62. What is the purpose of this passage?
A. To stress the importance of PayQwiq.
B. To popularize the use of PayQwiq.
C. To describe the feasibility of PayQwiq.
D. To ensure the safety of PayQwiq.
(C)
The most important determining factor of success or failure—at work and in life—is self-awareness, the ability to understand who we are, how others see us, and how we fit into the world.
For millions of years, the ancestors of humans evolved painfully slowly. However, about 150,000 years ago there was an explosive development in the human brain where, among other things, we gained the ability to examine our own thoughts, feelings and behaviors, as well as to see things from another’s point of view. Not only did this transformation create the foundation for art, spiritual practices and language, but it came with a survival advantage for our ancestors, who had to work together in order to survive.
Though we may not face the same day-to-day threats to our existence, self-awareness is no less critical. There is strong scientific evidence that people who know themselves and how others see them are happier. They are smarter, superior students. They raise more mature children. They also tend to be more creative, confident and less aggressive.
But for most people it is easier to choose self-delusion (自我欺骗) rather than the cold hard truth. Our increasingly “me” focused society makes it easier to fall into this trap. Recent generations have grown up in a World obsessed with self-esteem (自负), constantly being reminded of their special qualities. Not only are our assessments often flawed (有缺陷), but we are usually terrible judges of our own performance and abilities—from leadership skills to achievements at school and work. What’s scary is that the least competent people are usually the most confident in their abilities.
How can we avoid this fate? We must work on two specific types of insight. Internal self-awareness is an inward understanding of our passions and aspirations, strengths and weaknesses and so on. And external self-awareness, knowing how others see you, means understanding yourself from the outside in.
For those looking to gain true insight, remember that other people often see us more objectively than we see ourselves and that self-examination can have hidden trap that make insight actually impossible.
( )63. The first three paragraphs mainly talk about _______.
A. the significance of self-awareness in human survival and advancement
B. the sharp contrast between self-awareness of today and the past
C. the necessity of a shift in self-awareness to satisfy the needs today
D. the intelligence gap between modern men and their ancestors
( )64. What’s the problem with “me” focused society nowadays?
A. People’s performance and abilities are overlooked.
B. Competent people tend to be unconfident of their leadership skills.
C. It's difficult to obtain an objective assessment of ourselves.
D. Modern people fail to bring their special qualities into full play.
( )65. Which of the following is an example of external self-awareness?
A. You listen to the comments about you from others.
B. You are fully aware of your strengths and weaknesses.
C. You reflect your behaviors thoroughly every day.
D. You carefully compare your behavior with that of others.
( )66. In the last paragraph, the author suggests that we should _______.
A. develop true insight to judge people more objectively
B. try to avoid the trap set by others
C. gain more insight by means of self-examination
D. pay more attention to external self-awareness
Section C（8%）
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Your furry companion obtains comfort and security from enclosed spaces.
B. Others prefer shoes, bowls, shopping bags, coffee mugs, empty egg cartons, and other small, enclosed spaces.
C. She found a significant difference in stress levels between cats that had the boxes and those that didn’t.
D. A box, in this sense, can often represent a safe zone, a place where sources of anxiety, hostility (恶意), and unwanted attention simply disappear.
E. So rather than work things out, cats tend to simply run away from their problems or avoid them altogether.
F. Thankfully, behavioral biologists and veterinarians have come up with a few interesting explanations.
Why Do Cats Love Boxes So Much?
There is an object that’s pretty much guaranteed to arouse your cat’s interest. That object, as the Internet has so thoroughly documented, is a box. Any box, really. Like many other really strange things cats do, science hasn’t fully cracked this particular feline (猫科的) mystery.
_________67________ In fact, when you look at all the evidence together, it could be that your cat may not just like boxes, he may need them.
The box-and-whisker plot
Understanding the feline mind is extremely difficult. Still, there’s a sizable amount of behavioral research on cats who are, well, used for other kinds of research. These studies have been taking place for more than 50 years and they make one thing quite clear: ________68_______
This is likely true for a number of reasons, but for cats in stressful situations, a box or some other type of separate enclosure can have a strong impact on both their behavior and physiology.
Ethologist Claudia Vinke of Utrecht University in the Netherlands is one of the latest researchers to study stress levels in shelter cats. Working with domestic cats in a Dutch animal shelter, Vinke provided hiding boxes for a group of newly arrived cats while keeping another group from them entirely. ________69________ In effect, the cats with boxes got used to their new surroundings faster, were far less stressed early on, and were more interested in interacting with humans.
The ‘If it fits, I sits’ principle
Some feline observers will note that in addition to boxes, many cats seem to pick other odd places to relax. Some curl up in a bathroom sink. ________70________ This brings us to the other reason why your cat may like particularly small boxes: It’s really cold out.
So there you have it: Boxes are insulating, stress-relieving, comfort zones—places where cats can hide, relax, sleep, and occasionally launch a surprise attack against the huge, unpredictable apes they live with.
IV．Summary Writing（10%）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The Crucial Role of Early Childhood Environment
The environment we are in affects our moods, ability to form relationships, effectiveness in work or play — even our health. In addition, the early childhood environment has a very crucial role in children's learning and development for two important reasons.
First, young children are in the process of rapid brain development. In the early years, the brain develops more synapses (神经元的突触) or connections than it can possibly use. Those that are used by the child form strong connections, while the synapses that are not used gradually disappear. Children’s experiences help to make this determination. The National Scientific Council of the Developing Child compares the development of the brain to constructing a house, stating, “Just as a lack of the right materials can result in blueprints that change, the lack of appropriate experiences can lead to alterations in genetic plans.” Because children's experiences are limited by their surroundings, the environment we provide for them has a crucial impact on the way the child’s brain develops.
The second reason that the early childhood environment has such a strong role in children’s development is because of the amount of time children spend in these environments. Many children spend a large portion of their wakeful hours in early childhood setting. For example, a baby beginning child care will spend up to 12,000 hours in the program. This is more time than he will spend in both elementary and secondary schools. Children will typically spend another 4,000 hours in kindergarten through third grade classrooms.
Anita Rui Olds, a well-known environmental designer, believes that we should design our early childhood environments for miracles, not minimums. She states: “Children are miracles. Believing that every child is a miracle can transform the way we design for children’s care. When we invite a miracle into our lives, we prepare ourselves and the environment around us. We make it our job to create, with great respect and gratitude, a space that is worthy of a miracle!
V. Translation（15%）
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 建议家长们尽量多花点时间陪伴孩子。 (accompany)
73. 看到千姿百态的剪纸作品，我情不自禁地赞叹中国文化博大精深。(The moment)
74. 当被问及究竟是什么使她成为了专业的运动员和尖子生，她将秘密总结为“热情、专注和平衡”。（it）
75. 重要的是，双方要进一步密切合作, 减少摩擦, 在平等互利的基础上实现共赢，以促进经济复苏。(matter)
VI. Guided Writing（25%）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
学校大力推进劳动教育，打算开辟校园农场组织学生进行果蔬花卉种植实践。假设你是校学生会干部李华，负责老师Helen委托你了解同学们对此项活动的看法。经了解，你发现有些同学缺乏种植经验，不敢尝试；有些学生担心种植成果没有实用价值，兴趣不大。请你写封信给Helen, 内容包括：
1.反映同学们的想法；
2.提出建议并说明理由。
答案
I. Listening Comprehension（共25分。1~10每题1分；11~20每题1.5分。）
Section A
1-10 DCBDB ABDDC
Section B
11-20 ACD DDC BCBB
II. Grammar and Vocabulary（共20分。）
Section A
21-30 offering, has sounded, titled, to take, what, Once/ If/ When, where, that, is expected, it
Section B
31-40 G F J E A, K C H I B
III. Reading Comprehension（共45分。41~55每题1分；56-75每题2分。）
41-45．BBDCB 46-50．CDCAD 51-55．BDCAA
(A) 56-59 D C B A
(B) 60-62 A C B
(C) 63-66 A C A D
67-70 F A C B
Summary
There are two reasons why children’s learning and development depend on the early childhood environment. First, the environment where children get their experiences determines the way of children’s brain development. Second, compared to other periods, children spend more time in early childhood settings. So a better early childhood environment should be set for children’s brain development.
72. Parents are advised to spend as much time as possible (in) accompanying their children.
73. The moment I saw the various paper-cut works, I couldn't help admiring the profound Chinese culture.
74. When asked what on earth made her a professional athlete and top student, she summed up it was enthusiasm, concentration and balance that made her did it.
When asked what it was that made her a professional athlete and top student, she summed up the secret as passion, focus and balance.
75. What matters is that the two sides should further the close cooperation and reduce the friction to achieve win-win results on the basis of equality and mutual benefit to facilitate economic recovery.
Section A
1. M: Excuse me, can I open a regular account here?
W: Certainly. Your ID card, please.
Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?
2. W: How much should I pay?
M: Well, I have painted the scratch on the front left door and adjusted the brakes, so it would be $130.
Q: What’s probably the man’s job?
3. W: Hey, this year’s tuition fee has risen again.
M: Yeah, they increased 16 dollars for each credit, and according to the total number of credits for this term, I have to pay an extra 800 dollars.
Q: How many credits does the man earn this term?
4. W: How did the party go yesterday?
M: Terrific! The place was beautiful. The food was delicious and we enjoyed fireworks. But on top of that, I met an old friend there and we had a nice talk.
Q: What does the man like most about the party?
5. M: Helen’s going to have a birthday party on Friday evening. She’s invited a lot of people. If everyone turns up, there will be a squeeze in her house.
W: But a few people said they couldn’t go, so I think it should be OK.
Q: What might be a problem for Helen’s birthday party according to the man?
6. W: That’s an awfully heavy sweater for a day like today.
M: Well, I’m going to be at a lecture in the hall for most of this morning. And you know what the air conditioning is like in there.
Q: What does the man imply?
7. W: The football game was really exciting！
M: So you used that ticket after all!
Q: What had the man assumed about the woman?
8. W: Well, you are back from the cinema. How did you like the film?
M: It was well worth the ticket. But for your recommendation, I would have missed it.
Q: What can we learn from the conversation?
9. M: You haven’t seen my bag, have you?
W: Have you looked in the classroom? I didn’t see you in the hall with it when you came out.
Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?
10. W: Excuse me, I bought this overcoat yesterday. Here is the receipt. The sleeve fell off the minute I put it on. And I’ve noticed that the collar is coming off, too.
M: Why don’t you just sew them back on?
Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?
Section B
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
If you are lost in the woods, a little knowledge can turn what some people call a hardship into an enjoyable stay away from the troubles of modern society. When you think you’re lost, sit down on a log or a rock, or lean against a tree, and recite something that you have memorized, to bring your mind to a point where it is under control. Don’t run blindly. If you must move, don’t follow a stream unless you know it, and in that case, you’re not lost. Streams normally flow through wetland before they reach a lake or river. Though there are more eatable plants, there may also be wild animals, poisonous snakes, and other dangers. Many experts feel that it is the wisest to walk uphill. At the top of most hills and mountains are trails living back to civilizations. If there are no trails, you have much better chances to be seen on top of the hill. And you may even spot a highway or a railroad from this point. Nowadays, the first way someone will search for you is by air. In a wetland or in dense growth, you are very hard to spot. Anytime you go into the woods, somebody should know where you’re going, and when you are expected to return. Also, when someone comes looking, you should be able to signal to them.
Questions
11. What does the speaker advise you to do first if you are lost in the woods?
12. What will happen if you follow an unknown stream in the woods?
13. What should you do before you go into the woods according to the speaker?
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
Since a union representative visited our company to inform us about our rights and protections, my co-workers have been worrying about health conditions and complaining about safety risks in the workplace. Several of the employees in the computer department, for example, claim to be developing vision problems from having to stare at a video display terminal for about seven hours a day. An X-ray technician is refusing to do her job until the firm agrees to replace its out-dated equipment. She insists that it’s exposing workers to unnecessarily high doses of radiation. She thinks that she may have to contact the Occupational Safety and Health Administration to inspect the department. I’ve heard that at a factory in the area, two pregnant women, who were working with paint, requested a transfer to a safer department because they wanted to prevent damage to their unborn babies. The supervisor of personnel refused the request. In another firm the workers were constantly complaining about the malfunctioning heating system, but the owner was too busy or too mean to do anything about it. Finally, they all met and agreed to wear ski-clothing to work the next day. The owner was too embarrassed to talk to his employees. But he had the heating system replaced right away.
Questions
14. What does the talk focus on?
15. What does the speaker say about the two pregnant women?
16. Why did the workers in the firm wear ski-clothing to work?
Questions 17 to 20 are based on the following conversation.
W: What are you doing?
M: I’m ordering some filing cabinets out of a catalog.
W: What do you need them for?
M: There’s so much stuff piling up in my dormitory room. If I don’t do something soon, I won’t be able to move in there.
W: Do you usually order from a catalog?
M: Sometimes. Why?
W: Oh, it’s just in the history class today we were talking about how the catalog sales business first got started in the United States. A Chicago retailer, Montgomery Ward, started it in the late 1800s. It was really popular among farmers. It was difficult for them to make it to the big city stores so they ordered from catalogs.
M: Was Ward the only one in the business?
W: At first, but another person named Richard Sears started his own catalog after he heard how much money Ward was making.
M: What made them so popular?
W: Farmers trusted Ward and Sears for one thing. They delivered the products the farmers paid for and even refunded the money for things the farmers weren’t satisfied with. The catalogs became so popular that in some countries school teachers even used them as textbooks.
M: Textbooks?
W: Yeah, students practiced spelling the names and adding up the prices of things in the catalogs.
M: Was everybody thrilled about it?
W: That’s doubtful. Many say they drove some small store owners out of business. Sears and Ward sold stuff in such large quantities that they were able to undercut the prices at some small family owned stores.
Questions
17. What is the conversation mainly about?
18. Why did Richard Sears start his own business in catalog sales?
19. Who were the main customers of Sears’ and Ward’s businesses?
20. Why were the catalogs used as textbooks?
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