2022-2023学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市第一六二中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市第一六二中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版），共24页。

哈162中学2022—2023第一学期高三月考试题(英语)
第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Books of 2020
On Monday the American Library Association announced the top children’s books of 2020. Here are the winners.
Devotion
Author Clare Vanderpool took home the John Newbery Medal for  outstanding contribution to children’s literature for Moon over Manifest. The book is about a young girl’s magical adventures in a small Kansas town, in 1936.
Vanderpool said that she was shocked to learn that she had won. “You grow up reading legendary authors like Madeleine L’Engle, but I never expected to be put in a category with her,” Vanderpool told TFK. “It’s fabulous.”
Picture This
The picture book A Sick Day for Amos McGee won the Randolph Caldecott Medal. The book was illustrated by Erin E. Stead and written by her husband, Philip C. Stead. It tells the story of an elderly zookeeper and the animals that visit him when he’s not well enough to go to work.
“I love drawing animals and I love drawing people and I love drawing the emotional connection between animals and people,” said Stead.
More Honored Books
The Coretta Scott King award, given to an African-American author and illustrator of “outstanding books for children and young adults,” went to Rita Williams-Garcia for  One Crazy Summer. Set in 1968, the novel follows three sisters from Brooklyn, New York, who  visit their mother, a poet who ran away years ago and lives in California.
The king prize for best-illustrated work went to Dave the Potter: Artist, Poet, Slave. The book, which was written by Laban Carrick Hill and illustrated by Bryan Collier, tells the story of a skilled potter who engraved his poems on the clay pots and jars that he made. The enslaved potter, known only as Dave, lived in South Carolina in the 1800s.
1. How did Vanderpool feel when she heard the news that she won the medal?
A. Astonished. B. Disappointed. C. Embarrassed. D. Depressed.
2. Who illustrated the book Dave the Potter: Artist, Poet, Slave?
A. Bryan Collier. B. Erin E. Stead. C. Laban Carrick Hill. D. Madeleine L’Engle.
3. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The book Moon over Manifest tells a story of a zookeeper and his animals.
B. A Sick Day for Amos McGee shows us that animals can interact with humans.
C. The book A Sick Day for Amos McGee is written by Erin, a famous woman writer.
D. One Crazy Summer is about a mother with her three children having a holiday in California.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了美国2020年最畅销的儿童图书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Devotion中的“Vanderpool said that she was shocked to learn that she had won.”（范德普尔说，得知自己获奖时她很震惊。）由此可知，当范德普尔听到她获得奖牌的消息时，她很吃惊。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据More Honored Books中的“The book, which was written by Laban Carrick Hill and illustrated by Bryan Collie”（这本书由拉班·卡里克·希尔撰写，布莱恩·科利绘制插画）由此可知，布莱恩·科利为Dave the Potter. Artist, Poet, Slave绘制的插图。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Picture This中的“It tells the story of an elderly zookeeper and the animals that visit him when he's not well enough to go to work.”（它讲述了一个年老的动物园管理员和动物的故事，当他身体不好不能去上班时，它们会去看望他。）由此可知，A Sick Day for Amos McGee向我们展示了动物可以与人类互动。故选B项。
B
I travel a lot, and I find out different “styles”(风格)of directions every time I ask “ How can I get to the post office?”
Foreign tourists are often confused(困惑的)in Japan because most streets there don’t have names. In Japan, people use landmarks(地标)in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “ Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop.”
In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat. In many places there are no towns or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for example, people will say, “ Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.
People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map. They measure distance in time, not miles. “ How far away is the post office?” you ask. “ Oh,” they answer, “ it’s about five minutes from here.” You say, “ Yes, but how many miles is it?” They don’t know.
It’s true that a person doesn't know the answer to your question sometimes. What happens in such a situation? A New Yorker might say, “ Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers “ I don't know”. People in Yucatan believe that “I don't know” is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan!
4. When a tourist asks the Japanese the way to a certain place, they usually _______ .
A. describe the place carefully
B. show him a map of the place
C. tell him the names of the streets
D. refer to recognizable buildings and places
5. What is the place where people measure distance in time?
A. New York. B. Los Angles.
C. Kansas C. Iowa
6. People inYucatan may give a tourist a wrong answer ________ .
A. in order to save time B. as a test
C. so as to be polite D. for fun
7. What can we infer from the text?
A. It’s important for travelers to understand cultural differences.
B. It’s useful for travelers to know how to ask the way properly.
C. People have similar understanding of politeness.
D. New Yorkers are generally friendly to visitors.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章作者围绕不同国家回答问路的风格，介绍了不同国度的不同文化。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段Foreign tourists are often confused（困惑）in Japan because most streets there don't have names. In Japan, people use landmarks（地标）in their directions instead of street names.可知在日本通常是用地标指路。故D正确。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map; they measure distance in time, not miles.可知，在洛杉矶用走一段路用多少时间来指路。故B正确。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段根据But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers "I don't know." People in Yucatan believe that "I don't know" is impolite.可推断，因尤卡坦人可能会给游客一个错误的答案的目的是为了礼貌。故C正确。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据主题段第一段的I find out different“styles”of directions every time I ask“How can I get to the post office?”以及下文举例说明可知，作者围绕回答问路的风格，介绍了不同国度的不同文化。因此推断作者说明了对旅行者来说了解不同地方的文化差异很重要。故A项正确。
C
With the largest population in the world, China has the most mouths to feed on the planet. Consequently,food waste is a great problem in China. It is reported that more than 6% — or 35 million kgs — of the country's total food production is lost before reaching consumers, in the household and warehouse storage, transport and processing sectors. With an ever-growing population, it's imperative to deal with food waste in China.
Thankfully, policies covering food waste have been rapidly emerging in recent years. Since 2010, the Chinese government has selected 100 cities and encouraged them to explore alternative waste management systems. In 2016，China amended (修改) its Solid Waste Law to stop illegal dumping (倾倒) and promote recycling and reuse of waste, including food. Restaurants will soon be charged a fee for the amount of food waste they produce. And China is using a good food waste processing method called anaerobic digestion, a process that transforms organic waste into biogas, which can be used as energy, or turned into biofuel.
Moving forward, policymakers should consider loss and waste reduction to be as important as increasing production. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, the current policy system of agricultural subsidisation (补贴) mainly includes price guarantees and subsidies for crops, production materials, seeds and agricultural machinery,which leads to local governments focusing on crop production while paying little attention to the wastage in the supply chain. There should also be increased investment in the construction of new warehouses and special funds for storage, transport, and processing technologies.
If food waste were a country, it would be the third-largest emitting (排放)country in the world, generating about 8% of total greenhouse gas emissions. This issue is not location-specific, but an issue that affects every living thing on the planet and should therefore be seen as an essential area to take action in.
8. What does the underlined word “imperative”in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Impractical. B. Hopeful. C. Costly. D. Urgent
9. What can we say about the anaerobic digestion method?
A. It has been widely used in restaurants.
B. It is required by the Solid Waste Law.
C. It is eco-friendly to reuse food waste.
D. It has proved effective in 100 cities.
10. What is a result of the current agricultural subsidisation policy?
A. Food waste in the supply chain is ignored.
B. Prices of production materials go up.
C Investment in the supply chain increases.
D. Food waste during crop production gets serious.
11. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To promote the idea of recycling food waste.
B. To call for action against food waste.
C. To assess the consequences of food waste.
D. To discuss the reasons behind food waste.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。 文章介绍了中国食物浪费问题及其采取的措施，号召人们采取行动减少食物浪费。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“food waste is a great problem in China(食物浪费在中国是一个大问题)”以及本段中的数据“more than 6% — or 35 million kgs — of the country's total food production is lost(损失了超过该国粮食总产量的6%，即3500万公斤)”可知，食物浪费现象在中国很严重，因此解决这一问题很“紧急”。文末将食物浪费比作一个国家，并指出其是一个需要采取紧急行动的区域，因此推断选项中划线词与urgent意思相近。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“And China is using a good food waste processing method called anaerobic digestion, a process that transforms organic waste into biogas, which can be used as energy, or turned into biofuel.(中国正在使用一种叫做厌氧消化的良好的食品废物处理方法，这是一种将有机废物转化为沼气，沼气可以用作能源，也可以转化为生物燃料的过程)”可知，厌氧消化法( anaerobic digestion)是一种很好的处理餐厨垃圾的方法，它能将有机垃圾转化为沼气用作能源，或者将沼气转化为生物燃料。由此可推知，厌氧消化法是一种很环保的处理餐厨垃圾的方法。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the current policy system of agricultural subsidisation (补贴) mainly includes price guarantees and subsidies for crops, production materials, seeds and agricultural machinery,which leads to local governments focusing on crop production while paying little attention to the wastage in the supply chain.(目前的农业补贴政策体系主要包括对农作物、生产材料、种子和农业机械的价格保障和补贴，导致地方政府关注作物生产，而不重视供应链的浪费)”可知，现行的农业补贴政策的结构导致地方政府对供应链中的浪费问题关注较少。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。本文介绍了中国的食物浪费问题、中国应对食物浪费采取的措施以及其他解决食物浪费问题的办法，再结合最后一段中的“This issue is not location-specific, but an issue that affects every living thing on the planet and should therefore be seen as an essential area to take action in.( 食物浪费问题不是某个地方特有的问题，而是影响地球上每个生物的问题，因此必须采取紧急行动。)”可知，本文的主要目的就是号召人们采取行动，解决食物浪费问题。故选B。
D
Scientists have created a new app designed to identify dangerous mosquitoes based on sounds the insects make. The app, called Abuzz, is aimed at helping fight major diseases spread by mosquitoes.
Haripriya Vaidehi Narayanan is one of the researchers who helped develop the app. Narayanan told VOA that anyone with a mobile phone could use the app to identify mosquitoes. “If they see a mosquito around, they just take out their phone, open up the app, point their phone towards the mosquito and hit the record button,”she said. “Then, when the mosquito flaps its wings and starts flying around, it makes that noise, that annoying buzzing noise. That noise is what gets recorded by the Abuzz app.” she added.
Many diseases that mosquitoes carry do not have cures or vaccines. So, targeting the flying insects is the best way to control them. “The most important step is to know where the mosquitoes are,” Narayanan said.
Traditional methods for hunting mosquitoes are costly and can take a very long time. The process also requires labor-intensive trapping as well as trained scientists to identify the insects.
Manu Prakash is a professor of bioengineering at Stanford University and a lead investigator on the project. He says that out of about 3,500 different mosquito species, only about 40 are dangerous to humans. Prakash says the goal of the project was to find out whether the mosquitoes around a person's house are just an annoyance, or whether they are possibly dangerous.
When mosquitoes move their wings up and down, they produce buzzing sounds. But each kind of mosquito makes a slightly different buzzing noise. The app records these sounds. Users of the app can get an answer by recording as little as one or two seconds of the buzzing sound. The app compares this recording to a collection of other recordings. It then predicts which species of mosquito it is most likely to be.
By making use of mosquito information worldwide, the app can help build maps of where dangerous mosquitoes are. This can help scientists and health officials identify areas where disease is likely to break out and where to target mosquito control.
12. Why is it important to locate mosquitoes?
A. Because they are very small and hard to find.
B. Because diseases carried by them are a big problem.
C. Because mosquitoes flap their wings very quickly.
D. Because the buzzing noise of mosquitoes is annoying.
13. What will Abuzz do after it records the sound of a mosquito?
A. Compare it to a database and identify its species.
B. Make a somewhat different buzzing noise.
C. Release some chemicals to kill the mosquito.
D. Draw a map of the place where the mosquito was.
14. In which way could Abuzz help people?
A. It can help people control the number of mosquitoes.
B. It can help people avoid some species of mosquitoes.
C. It can help predict where mosquito-carried diseases are most likely to occur.
D. It can help record the mosquito hiding places very quickly.
15. What is the best title for the passage?
A. The Different Species of Mosquitoes in the World
B. New Ways to Fight Disease Caused by Mosquitoes
C. How to Identify Sounds Made by Different Mosquitoes
D. A New App That Can Identify Dangerous Mosquitoes
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。科学家开发了一款新的应用程序，可以根据蚊子发出的声音来识别危险的蚊子。这款名为Abuzz的应用旨在帮助对抗由蚊子传播的主要疾病。文章介绍了发明这一程序的原因以及程序的运作方式等信息。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Many diseases that mosquitoes carry do not have cures or vaccines. So, targeting the flying insects is the best way to control them. “The most important step is to know where the mosquitoes are,” Narayanan said.(许多蚊子携带的疾病没有治疗方法或疫苗。所以，定位飞虫是控制它们的最好方法。“最重要的一步是知道蚊子在哪里，”Narayanan说)”可知，定位蚊子很重要因为它们携带的疾病是一个大问题。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The app compares this recording to a collection of other recordings. It then predicts which species of mosquito it is most likely to be.(该应用程序将这段录音与其他录音的集合进行比较。 然后它预测出最可能是哪种蚊子)”可知，Abuzz录下蚊子的声音后会将其与数据库进行比较，并确定其物种。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“By making use of mosquito information worldwide, the app can help build maps of where dangerous mosquitoes are. This can help scientists and health officials identify areas where disease is likely to break out and where to target mosquito control.(通过利用世界各地的蚊子信息，这款应用程序可以帮助绘制危险蚊子所在的地图。这可以帮助科学家和卫生官员确定疾病可能爆发的地区和控制蚊子的目标)”可知，Abuzz可以帮助预测蚊子传播的疾病最有可能发生的地方，从而帮助人们。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientists have created a new app designed to identify dangerous mosquitoes based on sounds the insects make. The app, called Abuzz, is aimed at helping fight major diseases spread by mosquitoes.(科学家开发了一款新的应用程序，可以根据蚊子发出的声音来识别危险的蚊子。这款名为Abuzz的应用旨在帮助对抗由蚊子传播的主要疾病)”结合文章介绍了发明这一程序的原因以及程序的运作方式等信息。可知，D选项“一个可以识别危险蚊子的新应用程序”最符合文章标题。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Teachers are influential by nature and often take advantage of opportunities to teach life lessons when they present themselves. Students are too pure and innocent to know what’s really going on.___16___ In many cases, sharing these life lessons can have a far greater impact than teaching standard-based content.
★___17___
Those who work the hardest typically achieve the most. Teachers understand that some students are more naturally gifted than others, but even the most gifted students will not achieve much if they are lazy. It is absurd to dream about success if you are not willing to work hard.
★You Have the Greatest Control of Your Destiny.
Many people believe that their destiny is determined by the situation they inherited at birth.___18___Every person instinctively controls his own destiny once a certain age is reached. Teachers fight this misconception all the time.
★Cooperating Benefits Everyone.
Teamwork is a valuable skill taught in schools. Schools often provide the first opportunities for children to cooperate with other children who may be different. Working together is necessary for both team and individual success. Students must be taught that each individual part working together makes the team successful.___19___
Just like the well-known phrase say, “___20___” You only have to reflect on your own time in school under their guidance to realize how positive or negative experiences can stick with you for the rest of your life.
A. Hard Work Pays Off.
B. Decisions Lead to Consequences.
C. Nothing could be further from the truth.
D. Teachers don’t impact for a year, but for a lifetime.
E. Teachers can have a huge influence on their students.
F. Life lessons taught by teachers have made a meaningful impact on them.
G. However, if one part quits or does not perform adequately, everyone will fail.
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. C 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。老师天生就有影响力，他们经常利用机会教授生活课程，这些人生课程会对学生产生终生影响。文章主要就老师所能传授的一些人生经验展开说明。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Teachers are influential by nature and often take advantage of opportunities to teach life lessons when they present themselves. Students are too pure and innocent to know what’s really going on.(老师天生就有影响力，当他们出现的时候，他们经常利用机会教授生活课程。学生们太单纯，不知道到底发生了什么)”以及后文“In many cases, sharing these life lessons can have a far greater impact than teaching standard-based content.(在很多情况下，分享这些生活经验比教学标准内容的影响要大得多)”可知，上文提到了老师的影响力，后文则提到生活经验，F选项中them指代上文Students。故F选项“老师所教的人生课程对他们产生了有意义的影响”符合语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
根据本段内容“Those who work the hardest typically achieve the most. Teachers understand that some students are more naturally gifted than others, but even the most gifted students will not achieve much if they are lazy. It is absurd to dream about success if you are not willing to work hard.(学习最努力的人通常成就最大。老师们知道有些学生天生就比其他人更有天赋，但是即使是天赋最高的学生，如果他们懒惰，也不会取得很大的成就。如果你不愿意努力，梦想成功是荒谬的)”可知，本段主要阐述了努力学习的重要性。A选项中Hard Work对应后文中work the hardest。故A选项“努力工作会有回报”符合小标题，故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Many people believe that their destiny is determined by the situation they inherited at birth.(许多人相信他们的命运是由他们出生时所继承的环境决定的)”以及后文“Every person instinctively controls his own destiny once a certain age is reached. Teachers fight this misconception all the time.(一旦到了一定的年龄，每个人都会本能地控制自己的命运。老师们一直在与这种误解作斗争)”可知，上文提到了一种“相信命运是由他们出生时所继承的环境决定”的观点，后文则说这是一种误解，可见本句是在对上文这种观点进行评价：这绝非事实。故C选项“这绝非事实”符合语境，故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Teamwork is a valuable skill taught in schools. Schools often provide the first opportunities for children to cooperate with other children who may be different. Working together is necessary for both team and individual success. Students must be taught that each individual part working together makes the team successful.(团队合作是学校教的一项宝贵技能。学校经常为孩子们提供第一个与其他不同的孩子合作的机会。一起工作对于团队和个人的成功都是必要的。必须教导学生，每个单独的部分一起工作使团队成功)”可知，本段主要说明了团队合作需要每个单独的部分一起工作，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明每个单独的部分无法工作的情况。故G选项“然而，如果其中一部分放弃了，或者没有充分发挥，每个人都会失败”符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据后文“You only have to reflect on your own time in school under their guidance to realize how positive or negative experiences can stick with you for the rest of your life.(你只需要在他们的指导下反思自己在学校的时间，就能意识到积极或消极的经历会如何伴随你的余生)”可知，后文指出意识到积极或消极的经历会如何伴随你的余生，可见教师可以对学生的一生产生影响。故D选项“教师的影响不是一年，而是一生”符合语境，故选D。
第二部分：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My mother used to ask me, “What is the most important part of the body?” Through the years I would ____21____ the correct answer. When I was younger, I thought ____22____ was very important to us as humans, so I said, “My ears, Mummy.” She said, “No. Many people are ____23____. But you keep thinking about it and I will ask you again soon.”
Several years passed before she asked me again. Since making my first ____24____. I had often thought over the question. So this time I told her, Mummy, it must be our eyes.“ She looked at me and said, ”You are ____25____ fast. but the answer is not correct because there are many people who are blind.“
____26____ the years, mother asked me a couple more ____27____ and always her response to my answers was, ”No. but you are getting ____28____ every year, my child.“ Then last year, my Grandpa ____29____. Everybody was heartbroken. Everybody was crying. My mother looked at me when it was our ____30____ to say our final good-bye to Grandpa. She asked me, ”Do you know the most important body part yet, my dear?“
I was ____31____ when she was asking me this now. I always thought this was a ____32____ between her and me. She saw the ____33____ on my face and told me, ”This question is very important. It shows that you have really ____34____ your life.“ I saw her eyes well up with tears. She said, ”My dear, the most important body part is your ____35____.“ I asked, ”Is it because they hold up your head?“ She replied, ”No, it is ____36____ on them a crying friend or loved one can rest their head. I only hope that you have enough ____37____ and friends that you will have a shoulder to cry ____38____ when you need it.“ Then and there I understood the most important body part is not a ____39____ one. It is sympathetic(同情的) to the pain of ____40____.
21. A. notice B. believe in C. doubt D. guess at
22. A. love B. health C. sound D. sight
23. A. blind B. deaf C. invisible D. thoughtful
24. A. discovery B. decision C. attempt D. suggestion
25. A. learning B. thinking C. growing D. changing
26. A. Before B. Till C. Beyond D. Over
27. A. ways B. things C. questions D. times
28. A. stronger B. taller C. smarter D. nicer
29. A. left B. got ill C. died D. got wounded
30. A. duty B. turn C. pity D. chance
31. A. shocked B. satisfied C. interested D. excited
32. A. game B. test C. match D. secret
33. A. worry B. puzzlement C. regret D. pain
34. A. enjoyed B. found C. disliked D. lived
35. A. shoulders B. feet C. hands D. hair
36. A. how B. because C. why D. whether
37. A. respect B. favour C. love D. fun
38. A. by B. on C. above D. for
39. A. valuable B. useful C. selfish D. precious
40 A. others B. the deaf C. Grandpa D. the blind
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了母亲通过问“身体最重要的部位是什么”希望作者可以明白要有爱心，要不惜给予爱，这种爱就是对别人痛苦的理解，能在别人痛苦时给与依靠。
【21题详解】
考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意：经过这么多年，我会猜到正确答案。A. notice注意到；B. believe in信任；C. doubt怀疑；D. guess at猜想。根据“My mother used to ask me what is the most important part of the body.”可知，妈妈常常问这个问题，所以作者能猜到正确答案。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我小的时候，我认为对于人类来说声音是最重要的，因此我说“妈妈，我的耳朵。”A. love爱；B. health健康；C. sound声音；D. sight景象，视野。根据“My ears，Mummy.”可知，作者小时候觉得声音很重要，所以回答了耳朵是身体最重要的部位。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“不是。很多人是听不见的。你再想想，我很快会再问你的。”A. blind瞎的；B. deaf听不见的；C. invisible看不见的；D. thoughtful体贴的，深思熟虑的。根据上文作者说耳朵最重要，此处母亲反驳，由此推知母亲是说很多人听不见声音。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自第一次尝试以来，我一直思考这个问题。A. discovery发现；B. decision决定；C. attempt尝试；D. suggestion建议。结合上文内容可知，作者把第一次回答母亲的问题，看作第一次尝试。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她看着我说，“你学得很快，但是答案不正确，因为有很多人看不见。”A. learning学习；B. thinking思考，认为；C. growing种植，成长；D. changing改变。结合上文母亲否定作者关于耳朵是最重要的部位和“So this time I told her,‘Mummy，it must be our eyes’”推知，母亲夸作者学得快，但答案还是错的。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几年里，妈妈问了我很多次，她对我的答案的回答总是“不对，但你每年都在变得更聪明，我的孩子。”A. Before在……之前；B. Till直到；C. Beyond超越；D. Over超过，在……上。根据语境可知，此处指从过去到现在，即在过去的几年里，应用over the years。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几年里，妈妈问了我很多次，她对我的答案的回答总是“不对，但你每年都在变得更聪明，我的孩子。”A. ways方法；B. things事情；C. questions问题；D. times几次，时代，几倍。结合上文作者提到母亲问他的两次推知，此处是指在过去的几年里，母亲问了很多次相同的问题。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几年里，妈妈问了我很多次，她对我的答案的回答总是“不对，但你每年都在变得更聪明，我的孩子。”A. stronger更强壮的；B. taller更高的；C. smarter更聪明的；D. nicer更好的。根据No和but可知，母亲在否定作者答案的同时，也给与了表扬，由此推知母亲说作者一年比一年聪明。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意：去年我的祖父去世了。A. left离开，留下；B. got ill生病；C. died死亡；D. got wounded受伤。根据“say our final goodbye to Grandpa”推知，作者的祖父去世了。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当轮到我们对祖父道别时妈妈看着我。A. duty职责，责任；B. turn旋转，转弯处，轮流；C. pity可怜；D. chance机会。结合常识可知，亲人们会轮流和去世的人道别，it’s one’s turn to do sth.“轮到某人做某事”，为固定搭配。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个时候她问我这个问题，让我很震惊。A. shocked震惊的；B. satisfied满意的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. excited兴奋的。结合上文内容可知，在作者祖父的葬礼上，妈妈这时问这个问题让作者觉得很震惊。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直以为这是她和我之间的一个游戏。A. game游戏，比赛；B. test 测试；C. match 比赛；D. secret秘密。根据“I was ___11___ when she was asking me this now.”推知，作者一直以为这是和妈妈之间的一个游戏。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到我脸上困惑的表情她告诉我：“这个问题很重要。它表明你真的过着自己的生活。”A. worry担心；B. puzzlement困惑；C. regret遗憾；D. pain疼痛。根据上文“I was ___11___ when she was asking me this now.”推知，作者不明白妈妈为什么要在祖父的葬礼上问这个问题，因此满脸困惑。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到我脸上困惑的表情她告诉我：“这个问题很重要。它表明你真的过着自己的生活。”A. enjoyed欣赏；B. found发现；C. disliked不喜欢；D. lived居住，生活。根据“This question is very important.”可知，这个问题很重要，它表明了一个人真正过着自己的生活。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：“亲爱的，身体最重要的部分是你的肩膀。”A. shoulders肩膀；B. feet脚；C. hands手；D. hair头发。根据下文“Is it because they hold up your head?”推知，妈妈告诉作者人体最重要的部分是肩膀。下文的a shoulder也是提示，故选A。
【36题详解】
考查表语从句连接词。句意：她回答说：“不是，而是因为哭泣的朋友或爱人可以在你的肩上休息。”A. how如何；B. because因为；C. why为什么；D. whether是否。空处引导表语从句，从句成分完整，但缺少“因为”之意，应用because引导。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只希望你有足够的爱和朋友，也希望在你需要的时候有个肩膀可以靠着哭泣。A. respect尊重；B. favor恩惠，赞成，喜爱；C. love爱；D. fun乐趣。根据“a crying friend or a loved one can rest his or her head.”推知，母亲希望作者能有足够的爱和朋友。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我只希望你有足够的爱和朋友，也希望在你需要的时候有个肩膀可以靠着哭泣。A. by通过；B. on关于，在……上，在……；C. above在……上方；D. for为了，对于。结合常识可知，此处是指把头放在肩膀上哭泣，即靠着肩膀哭泣。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在当时的那个场合，我明白了最重要的身体部分不是自私的。A. valuable有价值的；B. useful有用的；C. selfish自私的；D. precious珍贵的。结合上文提到肩膀可以让朋友和爱人在需要的时候依靠可知，作者明白了身体最重要的部分不是自私的。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查代词/名词辨析。句意：而是同情他人的痛苦。A. others其他人；B. the deaf聋哑人；C. Grandpa祖父；D. the blind盲人。根据“crying friend or a loved one can rest his or her head.”推知，人最重要的身体部位是肩膀，因为它可以在他人痛苦时给予同情和依靠。故选A。
第三部分：单选(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
41. Students should be ready to explain and ________(为……辩护) their views.
A. defend B. depend C. define D. delete
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生应该准备好解释和捍卫自己的观点。A. defend为……辩护；B. depend依靠；C. define界定；D. delete删除。分析句子，设空处使用动词与空前explain构成并列结构。表示“捍卫，为……辩护”用defend。故选A。
42. His failure in the exam got him into a state of ________(沮丧).
A. dig B. deserve C. depression D. desert
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他考试失败使他陷入了沮丧的状态。A. dig挖掘；B. deserve值得；C. depression沮丧；D. desert沙漠。根据汉语提示“沮丧”，C选项符合题意，作介词的宾语。故答案为C。
43. What some people regard as a ________(缺点) is seen as a plus by many others.
A. document B. drawback C. dynamic D. domestic
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析;。句意：有些人认为是缺点的东西，另一些人却认为是优点。A. document文件；B. drawback缺点；C. dynamic动力；D. domestic佣人。根据句意和汉语提示可知，应使用名词drawback作介词宾语。故选B项。
44. These countries are being swept by an ________(经济的) crisis.
A. embarrass B. efficient C. economic D. element
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词作定语。句意：这些国家正被经济危机所席卷。A. embarrass使尴尬；B. efficient效率高的；C. economic经济的；D. element要素。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词economic，修饰名词crisis，作定语。故选C。
45. The words are ________(重要的) for everyone to learn English.
A. estimate B. essential C. erupt D. establish
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词作表语。句意：单词对每个人学习英语都是必不可少的。A. estimate估计；B. essential重要的；C. erupt爆发；D. establish建立。根据汉语提示，表示“重要的”用essential，形容词作表语，故选B。
46. The scientists are ________(实验) with growing crops in space.
A. experimenting B. exploding C. exploring D. expressing
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家们正在试验在太空中种植农作物。A. experimenting做实验；B. exploding使爆炸；C. exploring探索；D. expressing表达。根据“The scientists”可知，科学家们正在试验在太空中种植农作物。故选A项。
47. We were all rather ________(筋疲力尽的) when we got to the top of the mountain.
A. explained B. expected C. experienced D. exhausted
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们到达山顶时，我们都筋疲力尽了。A. explained解释；B. expected预期的；C. experienced有经验的；D. exhausted筋疲力尽的。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词exhausted，作表语。故选D项。
48. Anything to do with aeroplanes ________(使着迷) him.
A. favors B. fantastic C. fascinates D. fashion
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词，名词及形容词词义辨析。句意：任何与飞机有关的事都使他着迷。A. favors(动词)支持，偏爱，有利于； B. fantastic(形容词)极好的，不现实的；C. fascinates(动词)吸引，使着迷； D. fashion(名词)时尚。分析句子，该空需要一个动词作谓语；结合汉语提示“使着迷”，动词fascinate符合句意，主语为不定代词anything，动词使用单三形式正确。故选C项。
49. He ________the paper carefully.(折叠)
A. folded B. unfolded C. flooded D. flavored
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态及动词词义的辨析。句意：他小心地把纸折叠起来。A.fold折叠；B. unfold 展开，打开；C. flood淹没；D. flavor 给……调味。分析可知空格处是句子的谓语，根据汉语提示，可知此处用单词“fold”，根据语境可知此处描述过去的动作，用一般过去时。故选A。
50. The exact year ________Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.
A. which B. when C. on which D. in which
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：安吉拉和她的家人在中国一起度过的确切年份是2008年。分析句子结构，此处考查限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The exact year，在从句中作spend的宾语，所以需要用关系代词引导，所以A选项符合题意。故选A。
第四部分：单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
51. His ________(determine) look showed that he had made up his mind.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】determined
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他坚定的表情表明他已下定决心。分析句子成分可知，空处需要填形容词修饰空后look“表情”。提示词determine为动词，其形容词形式为determined表示“坚定的”。故填determined。
52. I haven’t looked at the report in ________(deep) yet. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】depth
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我还没有深入研究这份报告。介词in后面接名词作宾语，deep的名词为depth，in depth：深入地。故填depth。
53. Its membership ________(double) in the last five years. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】has doubled
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：它的成员数量在过去五年中翻了一番。分析可知空格处是句子的谓语，主语“Its membership ”与“double”之间是主动关系，结合时间状语“the last five years”可知空格处用现在完成时，结合主谓一致，故填has doubled。
54. What is the most ________(effect) way of teaching children to read and write? （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】effective
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：教孩子读书写字最有效的方法是什么? 根据“the most”和“way”可知，空处应填提示词“effect” 的形容词形式effective，做way的定语。故填effective。
55. Don’t you believe in ________(equal) between men and women? （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】equality
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你不相信男女平等吗？根据前文believe in可知，此处应用名词equality(不可数)作宾语。故填equality。
56. It was ________(evidence) that she was greatly shocked by the scene. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】evident
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：很明显，她被这场戏吓到了。分析句子成分可知，It为形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的从句，故空处需要填一个形容词作表语；提示词evidence为名词，其形容词形式为evident。故填evident。
57. No matter what the season is, it’s________ (extreme) important to wear sunglasses. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】extremely　
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：无论什么季节，戴墨镜都是非常重要的。设空在句中做状语，修饰形容词important，应用副词，填extremely。
58. There is no theory ________(explain) how the accident came about. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】explanation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：对于这起事故是如何发生的还没有证实的解释。句中空白处前有名词“theory”在本句中表示“(未证明的)意见”，修饰横线上的名词，根据句意表示“没有证实的解释”。而括号中提示词“explain”是动词，需要变成名词形式。故填explanation。
59. I shall never forget watching the sunrise over the sea-it was ________(forget)! （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】unforgettable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我永远不会忘记在海上看日出——它是令人难以忘记的。空格前“was”是系动词，后面接形容词。括号中给出的提示词动词“forget”，对应的形容词是“forgettable”意思是“易被忘记的”。但根据句意这里应该使用反义“难以忘记的”，需要添加否定前缀。故填unforgettable。
60. Many great ________(discover) have been made in the field of science. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】discoveries
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在科学领域有许多重大发现。根据前文Many及句子结构可知，此处应用其名词discovery的复数形式作主语。故填discoveries。
第五部分：语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Coffee is probably world's least expensive success power tool to increase focus, drive and even the life span. ___61___ （fortunate）we may not be enjoying its benefits or pleasure too much longer. According to ecologists，there is a good chance ___62___ the varieties of coffee that we drink today ___63___ （be）extinct in 20 or 30 years. The problem, of course, is the pace of climate change.
Coffee is a crop that is only grown in a thin band ___64___（call）the “coffee belt” close to equator（赤道）, which is extremely vulnerable（易受...伤害的）to climate change. If the air is too hot ___65___ too cold, it prevents the growth of coffee plant. Climate change also creates ___66___ （environment）stress, which spreads pests and plant diseases. Almost all the coffee grown in the world today is one of two species, arabica or robuasta, both of ___67___ might be wiped out in this way. There are other species existing only in Ethiopia, ___68___ country that climate change is happening. In other words, climate change is eating away the root source that we might turn to ___69___ replacement species.
What to do? Well, take the time ____70____ （enjoy）each cup of coffee you drink.
【答案】61. Unfortunately
62. that 63. will be
64. called 65. or
66 environmental
67. which 68. a
69. for 70. to enjoy
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变化对咖啡树的影响，有可能导致咖啡二三十年后灭绝。
【61题详解】
考查副词。句意：咖啡可能是世界上最便宜的成功工具，可以增加注意力、动力，甚至延长寿命。不幸的是，我们可能不会享受它的好处或快乐太久。修饰整句应用副词，根据“we may not be enjoying its benefits or pleasure too much longer”句意可知，应是“不幸的是”。大写句子首字母，故填Unfortunately。
【62题详解】
考查名词性从句引导词。句意：生态学家认为，我们今天喝的各种咖啡很有可能在二三十年后灭绝。分析句子可知，空格处引导同位语从句，作chance的同位语，同位语中结构完整，应用没有实际意义的that引导，不可省略。故填that。
【63题详解】
考查时态。句意：生态学家认为，我们今天喝的各种咖啡很有可能在二三十年后灭绝。根据句意和时间状语in 20 or 30 years可知，应用一般将来时，will+动词原形，表示将来要发生的事情。故填will be。
【64题详解】
考查动词过去分词。句意：咖啡是一种只生长在赤道附近被称为“咖啡带”的狭长地带的作物，这一地带极易受到气候变化的影响。非谓语动词call“给……命名；称呼”和所修饰的名词短语a thin band之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
【65题详解】
考查连词。句意：如果空气太热或太冷，都会阻碍咖啡树的生长。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用连词or“或者”连接两个表语，符合句意。故填or。
【66题详解】
考查形容词。句意：气候变化还造成环境压力，从而传播病虫害和植物疾病。根据空格后名词stress可知，此处应用environment的形容词作定语修饰名词。故填environmental。
【67题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：今天世界上几乎所有的咖啡都是两种咖啡中的一种，阿拉比卡咖啡和罗布阿斯塔咖啡，这两种咖啡都可能以这种方式被消灭。分析句子可知，第二个逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为two species, arabica or robuasta,关系代词which替代先行词，指物，作介词of的宾语，both of which在从句中作主语。故填which。
【68题详解】
考查冠词。句意：其他物种只存在于埃塞俄比亚，一个正在发生气候变化的国家。名词country“国家”为可数名词单数泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，因以辅音音素开头，故填a。
【69题详解】
考查介词。句意：换句话说，气候变化正在侵蚀我们可能寻求（转向）替代物种的根源。分析句子可知，that引导定语从句，先行词为the root source，拆解定语从句为：we might turn to the root source___9___ replacement species，turn to sb/sth for sth“为某事寻求某人或某物（帮忙）”是固定搭配，介词for“为了”符合句意。故填for。
【70题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：要做什么吗？好吧，花时间享受你喝的每一杯咖啡。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，take time to do sth是固定搭配。故填to enjoy。
第六部分：短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Saturday I went to the library as usually. At about noon, I was enjoying my reading near a lake while suddenly I hear someone crying for help. I went to see what was happened. I was shocking to find a little child struggling in the water in the distance while many peoples were standing by without doing anything. Without any hesitation (犹豫), I had pushed through the crowd as I took off my coat, but jumped into the water quickly. I managed to reach him and carried him back to safety. To his great relief, the kid was saved. I was proud what I had done. I hope everyone can give a hand when someone else is in need.
【答案】1. usually→usual
2. while→when
3. hear→heard
4. happened→happening
5. shocking→shocked
6. peoples→people
7.删除had
8. but→and
9. his→my
10.在proud后加of
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者救助一个落水小男孩的过程，通过此事，作者希望别人有需要时，每个人能伸出援助之手。
【详解】1.考查固定搭配。句意：上周六我和往常一样去了图书馆。固定搭配as usual“像往常一样”。故usually改为usual。
2.考查固定句型。句意：大约中午的时候，我正在湖边看书，突然听到有人在呼救。固定句型be doing sth. when...“正在做某事，就在这时……”故while改为when。
3.考查动词时态。句意： 大约中午的时候，我正在湖边看书，突然听到有人在呼救。此处表示“我听到有人呼救”，由last Sunday可知，是描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故将hear改为heard。
4.考查动词时态。句意：我上去看看发生了什么。根据语境可知，此处表示“我上去看看当时正在发生什么”，应用过去进行时。故happened改为happening。
5.考查形容词。句意：我很震惊地发现远处一个小孩在水中挣扎，而许多人却袖手旁观。此处表示“震惊的”，修饰人的感情，应用-ed结尾形容词shocked，shocking常修饰物，表示“令人震惊的”。故shocking改为shocked。
6.考查名词。考查形容词。句意：我很震惊地发现远处一个小孩在水中挣扎，而许多人却袖手旁观。people“人们”，是集合名词，不需要变复数形式。故peoples改为people。
7.考查动词时态。句意：我毫不犹豫地一边脱下外套，一边穿过人群，然后迅速跳入水中。此处与took off是并列谓语动词，表示两个动作同时进行，也应用一般过去时。故删除had。
8. 考查连词。句意：我毫不犹豫地一边脱下外套，一边穿过人群，然后迅速跳入水中。“pushed through the crowd as I took off my coat”和“jumped into the water quickly”前后是顺承关系，不存在转折关系，应用and。故but改为and。
9. 考查代词。句意：让我欣慰的是，那孩子得救了。根据上文可知，“我”救了孩子，所以此处是让“我”欣慰的是。故his改为my。
10. 考查介词。句意：我对我所做的事感到自豪。固定搭配be proud of sth.“对……感到自豪”。故在proud后加of。
第七部分：书面表达(满分25分)
72. 假定你是李华，上周日你和班里同学游览参观了长城。请你用英语写一篇日记，内容要点包括：1.游览心情；2.具体见闻；3.事后感受。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
My weekend
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Last Sunday, I went to visit the Great Wall with my classmates. It was a sunny day, which brought us good moods. Beyond our imagination, there were a large number of visitors from home and abroad. No wonder that it is well known worldwide. Climbing up the Great Wall and seeing how splendid the scenery is , we couldn’t help taking photos around. What make us excited then was completing the Hero Slope. Standing on the slope, I felt myself to be a real man then.
That day I walked too much. Tired as I was, I was feeling happy. I was rewarded and taught a lot. If there were another chance one day, how I wish I could pay a visit to the great man-made wonder a second time.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在游览参观了长城后，用英语写一篇日记。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参观，游览：visit → pay a visit to
众所周知的，出名的：well known → famous
疲倦的：tired → exhausted
高兴的：happy→ pleased
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Last Sunday, I went to visit the Great Wall with my classmates.
拓展句：It was Last Sunday that I went to visit the Great Wall with my classmates.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It was a sunny day, which brought us good moods. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] No wonder that it is well known worldwide.(运用了that引导同位语从句)