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    解密02 数词、介词、形容词(副词)与语法填空(分层训练)-【高频考点解密】2022年高考英语二轮复习讲义+分层训练(浙江专用)

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    A组 基础练
    解密02 数词、介词、形容词(副词)与语法填空


    一、根据首字母填写单词
    1.Most authorities agree that play is an e________ part of a child’s development.
    2.As high school students, we must spend the v________ majority of our time in class and reading books.
    3.Many students think it c________ for them to communicate with the outside world by using cell phones.
    4.Stephen Curry has made a r ________ career in basketball.
    5.Before the Spring Festival, Chinese families always give their houses a t________ cleaning.
    6.There is still a s________ chance for me to pass the math exam as I’m poor at it.
    7.My English teacher is teaching us in a u_______ method in his class.
    8.You'll start to learn a________ maths when you go to college.
    9.Over time,we've become quite e______ at dealing with these problems.
    10.It is n______ for teenagers to be interested in video games.
    11.When I was driving in the area,I found all the roads looked the same!And I was really c________.
    12.As a p__________ driver, I managed to drive my car back onto the highway without an accident.
    13.It is g________ of him to contribute a lot of money to the rural schools.
    14.There are so many c________(求知欲强的) students in my class who like asking questions.
    15.Some people, for example, carry a gene that makes them more l ________ to catch a certain virus or develop a particular form of cancer.
    16.Everyone c_________in the accidents has already been questioned by the Police.
    17.It is for this reason that Spanish is the main o________ language of Peru.
    18.As a senior high school student, you should learn to be r________ for your future.
    19.The success I achieved in the competition made me a strong and c________ person.
    20.What she said was so c________ that they could hardly understand it.
    21.He had a n________ escape in the accident. How lucky he was!
    22.When the city was locked down, people from all walks of life v__________ lent a helping hand.
    23.The chairman of the airline was fully r_________ for the accident.
    24.R________ physical activity can promote better sleep, helping you to fall asleep faster and to enjoy deeper sleep.
    25.P________ smoking increased their risk of hearing loss.
    26.He takes the view that children are r________ for their own actions.
    27.Studying hard isn’t always fun, but I’ll be well p ________ for university or whatever else comes in the future.
    28.Considering there are so many challenges to deal with, are you still o________ about the future of VR?
    29.A________, such warnings demand our attention.
    30.Today acupuncture is recognized a symbol of traditional Chinese and has come into w________ use around the world.
    31.Spending too much time on computer games may do h________ to our health.
    32.All the people were fighting against the flood in d________ of their own homes.
    33.You can take the book away with you and read them at l________at the beach.
    34.The letter wasn’t addressed to him but he opened it out of c________.
    35.We will work harder to open a wider market both at home and a ________.
    36.D________ danger, he risked his life to save the girl in the river.
    37.She cried in t_________when she saw a snake.
    38.After receiving the MVP award for two years in a r______, Stephen explained his philosophy.
    39.She went to Spain d________the fact that her doctor had told her to rest.
    40.Dinosaurs were the most important animals on the earth for m______of years.
    41.If you want to disturb the car industry, you'd better have a few b_______ dollars.
    42.The girl hates setting down a s__________ of facts in a diary as most people do.
    43.Large a_______ of money have been spent on education in the past ten years.
    二、根据汉语意思填写单词
    44.Friday is the _________(第五) day of a week.
    45.Biological systems have been doing this for ________ (十亿,大量) of years.
    46.Only a small _________ (百分比) of the countries are thankful for our assistance.
    47.The ________(大多数) of the members are in favour of the plan.
    48.The government feared the strike might produce a ________ (一连串) of reaction in other industries.
    49.In China, many families would like to have a __________ (第二个) child because of the two-child policy.
    50.A ________ (堆) of dirty clothes lay by the washing machine.
    51.The __________ (大多数)of my patients come to me from out of the town.
    52.Dinosaurs died out ________________ (数百万) years ago. (of)
    53.Humans produce more than 300 ____________ (百万) tons of plastic every year.
    54.Bill gates offered more than one__________ (百万) dollars to help the poor in Africa.
    55.Some computers can perform over a ________ (十亿)computations a second.
    56.He needs that __________ (数量) of money to survive.
    57.The programme was viewed on television in __________ (百万) of homes.
    58.________(遍及) his life, he received a lot of medals.
    59.________(尽管)the previous rounds of talks,no agreement has been reached so far by the two sides.
    60.Getting here is quite difficult, so ________(除了)the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek.
    61.Much to my ________ (惊讶), the most famous basketball player in our city came to watch our match.
    62.He is in________ (负责) of the company after his father’s death.
    63.In ________ (对照) , the lives of girls in well-to-do families were often very sheltered.
    64.________(虽然,尽管) the bad weather, we went fishing as usual.
    65.Many citizens were ____________(反对) to cutting down the 100­-year­-old tree. 66.Prepare the food in____________ (提前), because we’ll invite some guests home tonight.
    67.Jay had always tended to keep his girlfriend at a ______(距离).
    68.According to the schedule, China will complete the construction of the space station in ________ (轨道)in 2022.
    69.The island offers such a wide __________(各种各样) of scenery and wildlife
    70.You may have an experience that you are ___________(熟悉的)with a person’s face but just can’t remember his or her name.
    71.He is in_______(拥有)of this rare vase.
    72.Out of my_________(预料), I made great achievements soon.
    73.The spaceship is expected to reach the moon ________ (在……之内) two months.
    74.She is good at physics ________ (尽管) the fact that it is boring.
    75.Workers will be paid ___________(根据)to the amount of work they do.
    76._______(尽管,虽然) some mistakes, few people think badly of him
    77.The government has taken a _______(系列) of measures to improve the air quality.
    78.In the __________ (先前的) chapter, we have learned much information about the Second World War.
    79.Because his family was poor, he didn’t receive __________ (正式的) education.
    80.His performance __________ (肯定地) lived up to our expectations and we were pleased.
    81.It’s a __________ (富有挑战性的) job for me to take care of the children.
    82.Though you have failed this time, you should still remain ________(自信的) about yourself.
    83.You can see _________(各种不同的) books on sale in this bookshop.
    84.Our ________(年度的)sports meet will be held next Friday in our school.
    85.My grandparents are too old to live ________(独立地), so they are living with us now.
    86.We should take the matter seriously and deal with it ________(负责).
    87.I believe you are ________(独一无二)in the world.
    88.This letter is written in an ________(非正式)style.
    89.A ________(有能力) mechanic should be able to fix the machine.
    90.The woman was so ________(敏感) that even the clicking sound of the mouse upset her.
    91.Nowadays, people can shop more ________(有效率) online and therefore save the trips to the stores to find what they want.
    92.She remembered how difficult it was to choose a ________ (合适的)Christmas present for her father.
    93.These ________(外在的) influences are always present, but there are certainly ways to deal with them.
    94.The government is taking steps to deal with the country's ________ (经济的) problems.
    95.I am _______(好奇的) about the astronauts’ six-month stay on Shenzhou XIII Spaceship.
    96.It is not unusual for teenagers to be _______(入迷的;上瘾的) to computer games.
    97.He had an _______(焦虑不安的) look on his face.

    参考答案
    1.essential/ssential
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:大多数权威人士都同意游戏是儿童发展一个必不可少的组成部分。根据首字母和句意提示可知,此处应填入形容词essential(必不可少的)作定语,修饰part,故填essential。
    2.vast/ast
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:作为高中学生,我们必须花大量的时间在课堂和读书上。空格处是定语,修饰majority 要用形容词,结合首字母可知,形容词vast符合题意。故填vast。
    3.convenient/onvenient
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:许多学生认为使用手机与外界交流很方便。根据单词首字母以及句意“方便”,可知应填形容词convenient,作宾补。故填convenient。
    4.remarkable/emarkable
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:斯蒂芬•库里在篮球方面有着非凡的职业生涯。分析句子结构可知,设空处缺少形容词修饰名词career,根据首字母提示及句意可知,形容词remarkable符合题意。故填remarkable。
    【点睛】

    5.thorough/horough
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:春节前,中国家庭总是对他们的房子进行彻底打扫。根据句意和首字母提示可知,应填入形容词thorough作定语,修饰名词cleaning,意为“彻底的,全面的”。故填thorough。
    6.slim/lim
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:尽管我不擅长数学,但是对于我来说,我仍然有微小的通过数学考试的机会。结合首字母和句意可知,填入形容词slim(苗条的,微小的),作定语,修饰名词chance。故填slim。
    7.unique/nique
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:我的英语老师在他的班上用一种独特的方法教我们。结合首字母提示及句意可知,空处应使用形容词unique,表达“独特的”之意,作定语,修饰名词method。故填unique。
    8.advanced/dvanced
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:进入大学后,你将开始学习高等数学。分析句子结构,可知此处填形容词,修饰后面的名词maths;根据句意及首字母提示,可知此处填“高级的”。故填advanced。
    9.expert/xpert
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:随着时间的推移,我们已经在处理这些问题上变得非常熟练。根据首字母提示以及句意,空处需填形容词expert作表语,表示“熟练的”。故填expert。
    10.normal/ormal
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:青少年对电子游戏感兴趣是正常的。结合句型“it is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”,意为:对某人来说做某事是......的。结合句意可知填入形容词normal(正常的)符合题意。故填normal。
    11.confused/onfused
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:当我在这个地区开车时,我发现所有的道路看起来都一样!我真的很困惑。句中用形容词作表语,主语是人,所以用-ed形式的形容词。根据首字母提示及句意,故填confused。
    12.professional/rofessional
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:作为一名专业的司机,我成功地把车开回了高速公路上,没有发生事故。根据后面句子“I managed to drive my car back onto the highway without an accident.”及所给首字母可知,此处是指“专业司机”。professional形容词,职业的,专业的,在句中作定语。故填professional。
    13.generous/enerous
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:他为农村学校捐了很多钱,真是慷慨。根据句意及首字母提示可知,空处应使用形容词generous作表语,表达“慷慨”之意。故填generous。
    14.curious/urious
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:我班上有很多好奇的学生,他们喜欢问问题。空格处用形容词作定语,修饰名词students,由首字母提示c可知,“求知欲强的”的形容词是curious,故填curious。
    15.likely/ikely
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:例如,有些人携带的基因使他们更容易感染某种病毒或患上某种癌症。根据单词首字母以及句意“可能的”,可知应填形容词likely,作them的宾补。故填likely。
    16.concerned/oncerned
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:与事故有关的每个人都已受到警方的讯问。be concerned in “和……有关”,分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词has been questioned,所以空处应用省略be用形容词作定语。故填concerned。
    17.official/fficial
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:正因为如此,西班牙语才成为秘鲁的主要官方语言。根据单词首字母以及句意“官方的”和下文的名词language可知,应填形容词official。故填official。
    18.responsible/esponsible
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:作为一个高中生,你应该学会对自己的未来负责。短语:be responsible for“对……负责”,结合句意和首字母提示,此处应用形容词responsible。故填responsible。
    19.confident/onfident
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:我在比赛中取得的成功,让我成为一个坚强自信的人。空白后为名词,所以此处用形容词作定语。结合句意、首字母提示及The success I achieved in the competition made me a strong,可知此处指比赛取的成功给了我自信,confident“自信的”为形容词,故填confident。
    20.confusing/onfusing
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:她说的话令人困惑,他们几乎听不懂。根据单词首字母和句意“令人困惑的”以及前文What she said was可知,此处应用confuse的以ing结尾的形容词作表语,修饰事物。故填confusing。
    21.narrow/arrow
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:他在事故中死里逃生。他真幸运!短语:narrow escape“死里逃生”,结合首字母提示、句意及How lucky he was!可知,此处要用形容词narrow,故填narrow。
    22.voluntarily/oluntarily
    【解析】考查副词。句意:当城市被封锁时,各行各业的人自愿伸出援助之手。根据单词首字母以及句意“自愿地”以及下文动词lent,可知此处填副词voluntarily,作状语。故填voluntarily。
    23.responsible/esponsible
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:航空公司董事长对这次事故负有全部责任。根据单词首字母以及句意“对……负责”以及下文介词to,可知be responsible for“对……负责”符合题意,固定搭配。故填responsible。
    24.Regular/egular
    【解析】考查形容词作定语。句意:有规律的身体活动可以促进更好的睡眠,帮助你更快入睡,享受更深的睡眠。句中 physical activity的意思是“身体活动”,由形容词修饰,再根据句意和首字母,可知形容词regular“有规律的”符合题意,且在句中作定语。故填Regular。
    25.Passive/assive
    【解析】考查形容词作定语。句意:被动吸烟增加了他们听力丧失的风险。句中smoking是名词,意思是“吸烟”,由形容词修饰,再根据句意和首字母,可知形容词passive“被动的”符合题意,且在句中作定语。故答案为Passive。
    26.responsible/esponsible
    【解析】考查形容词作表语。句意:他认为孩子应该对自己的行为负责。固定短语:be responsible for“为……负责任”;再根据句意和首字母,可知形容词responsible“负责任的”符合题意,且在句中作表语。故填responsible。
    27.prepared/repared
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:努力学习并不总是有趣的,但我会为大学或未来的任何事情做好准备。根据单词首字母以及句意“做好准备”,可知应填形容词prepared,作表语。故填prepared。
    28.optimistic/ptimistic
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:考虑到有这么多的挑战需要应对,你对VR的未来还乐观吗?结合句意和首字母可知,此处应用形容词optimistic“乐观的”,作表语。故填optimistic。
    29.Apparently/pparently
    【解析】考查副词修饰整个句子。句意:显然,这样的警告需要我们的注意。此处是副词修饰整个句子,结合句意和首字母,可知副词apparently“显然”符合题意。故答案为Apparently。
    30.wide/ide
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:今天,针灸被认为是中国传统针灸的象征,并已在世界各地得到广泛的应用。根据“come into use开始被使用”结构中的use为名词,因此设空处需要一个形容词作定语,在根据首字母提示“w”和句意可知需要形容词“wide 广泛的”。故填wide##ide。
    31.harm/arm
    【解析】考查名词。句意:花太多时间玩电脑游戏可能对我们的健康有害。根据单词首字母和句意“伤害”以及前文动词do可知,此处应用不可数名词harm作宾语,do harm to是固定短语。故填harm。
    32.defence/efence
    【解析】考查名词。句意:所有的人都在与洪水作斗争以保护自己的家园。结合句意和首字母提示可知,应填入名词defence,构成固定搭配“in defence of”作目的状语,表示“为……保护”。故填defence。
    33.leisure/eisure
    【解析】考查名词。句意:你可以把书带走,在海滩上休闲阅读。设空处为介词at的宾语,应用名词,根据首字母和句意,故填leisure。
    34.curiosity/uriosity
    【解析】考查固定短语。句意:这封信不是写给他的,但他出于好奇就把它拆开了。out of curiosity是一个固定短语,意为:出于好奇。故填curiosity。
    35.abroad/broad
    【解析】考查固定短语。句意:我们将努力开拓更广阔的国内外市场。根据单词首字母以及句意“国内外”可知短语为at home and abroad 。故填abroad。
    36.Despite/espite
    【解析】考查介词。句意:尽管很危险,他还是冒着生命危险去救河里的那个女孩。根据句意和首字母可知,空处填介词despite。故填Despite。
    37.terror/error
    【解析】考查固定短语。句意:当她看到一条蛇时,吓得哭了起来。根据句意“害怕地”和首字母提示“t”以及空前的“in”可知,此处为固定短语in terror。故填terror。
    38.row/ow

    【解析】考查名词和固定短语。句意:在连续两年获得最有价值球员奖后,斯蒂芬阐释了他的人生观。根据句意和首字母提示,应填row“一排;一列”,in row“连续地”是固定短语,故填row。
    39.despite/espite
    【解析】考查介词。句意:尽管医生叫她休息,她还是去了西班牙。根据句意和句子结构结合首字母提示可知,空处用介词despite“尽管”符合题意。故填despite。
    40.millions
    【解析】考查名词。句意:恐龙是几百万年来地球上最重要的动物。根据单词首字母以及句意“几百万年来”以及名词years可知此处要用数量词,短语millions of“数百万的,成千上万的”,是固定搭配。故填millions。
    41.billion;
    【解析】考查数词。句意:如果你想搅乱汽车工业,你最好有几十亿美元。根据空后dollars和首字母b提示可知,billion十亿,数词,符合题意;数词 hundred,thousand,million,billion等前有具体数字时,它们后面不能加-s。故填billion。
    42.series/eries
    【解析】本题考查名词。解题要点:根据所给出的句子,结合首字母,可推出是“series”,a series of一系列的,结合句意:这个女孩讨厌像很多人那样记一系列的事实在日记里。故答案为series。
    43.amounts/mounts
    【解析】考查固定短语。句意:在过去的十年里,大量的钱花在了教育上。分析句子可知,过去十年在教育上花了“大量”的钱。large amounts of 译为“大量的”。是固定短语。故填amounts。
    44.fifth
    【解析】考查序数词。句意:星期五是一周的第五天。表示次序应该使用序数词。故填fifth。
    45.billions
    【解析】考查名词。句意:生物系统如此这般运转,已经数十亿年了。根据汉语提示“十亿”及空格后的of可知,该处填写billion的复数形式,与后面的of构成“billions of”的固定搭配。故填billions。
    46.percentage
    【解析】考查名词。句意:只有一小部分国家感谢我们的援助。a small percentage of一小部分,所以填percentage。
    47.majority
    【解析】考查名词。句意:大多数成员赞成这项计划。根据所给句子和中文提示推出名词majority“大多数”,the majority of...“大多数......”为固定短语。故填majority。
    48.chain
    【解析】考查名词。句意:政府担心罢工可能会在其他行业产生连锁反应。固定搭配a chain of一连串。故填chain。
    49.second/2nd
    【解析】考查序数词。句意:在中国,由于二胎政策,很多家庭想要第二个孩子。“a+序数词”为固定用法,意为“再一,又一”,设空处需填序数词“第二个”,second/2nd意为“第二个”。故填second/2nd。
    50.pile
    【解析】考查名词。句意:一堆脏衣服放在洗衣机旁边。空格处由a修饰要填名词,pile意为“堆;大量”,a pile of为固定搭配意为“一堆”符合句意,故填pile。
    51.majority
    【解析】考查名词。句意:我的大多数病人从外地来找我。根据汉语意思“大多数”可知应填名词majority,短语the majority of“……的大多数”。故填majority。
    52.millions of
    【解析】句意:恐龙数百万年前就灭绝了。millions of数百万,故答案为millions of。
    53.million
    【解析】考查名词。句意:人类每年生产3亿吨以上的塑料。million前面有具体的数词修饰时,不加复数。根据汉语提示及句意,故填million。
    54.million
    【解析】考查数词。句意:比尔·盖茨捐助了一百多万美元来帮助非洲的穷人。根据汉语提示,应填数词million,故填million。
    55.billion
    【解析】考查名词。句意:某些电脑一秒能进行超过十亿次计算。这里要用billion表示“十亿”。故填billion。
    56.amount
    【解析】考查名词。句意:他需要那笔钱才能生存。空格前为指示代词that ,故空格处要填一个名词,根据汉语提示可知答案为amount。
    57.millions
    【解析】考查数词。句意:数以百万计的家庭通过电视观看了这个节目。分析句子可知,缺少百万这个数词,millions of数百万的,与of连用,million用复数,故填millions。
    58.Throughout
    【解析】考查介词。句意:在他的一生中,他获得了许多奖章。根据句意和汉语提示可知,应填入介词throughout构成介词短语作时间状语,表示“遍及;贯穿整个时期”,另外,句首单词首字母大写。故填Throughout。
    59.Despite
    【解析】考查介词。句意:尽管进行了前几轮谈判,双方迄今仍没有达成任何协议。根据“the previous rounds of talks”为名词性短语,可知,此处缺少介词,表示:尽管,用despite。故填:Despite。
    60.except
    【解析】考查介词。句意:到达这里相当困难,因此,除了萨米人之外,几乎没几个人见过萨瑞克。根据所给汉语意思和句子结构可知,此处应填介词,后面才能跟名词“the Sami”作宾语。故填except。
    61.surprise/astonishment/amazement
    【解析】考查名词和固定短语。句意:令我非常惊讶的是,我们城市最有名的篮球运动员来观看我们的比赛。根据句意和汉语提示可知,应填入名词surprise/astonishment/amazement,与介词to构成固定短语(much) to one's surprise/astonishment/amazement,表示“令某人(非常)惊讶的是”。故填surprise/astonishment/amazement。
    62.charge
    【解析】考查名词。句意:他父亲死后,他负责管理这家公司。in charge of负责,掌管。根据汉语提示及句意,故填charge。
    63.contrast
    【解析】考查固定短语。句意:相比之下,富裕家庭的女孩的生活往往很受保护。in contrast是固定短语意为:与此相反;比较起来。故填contrast。
    64.Despite
    【解析】考查介词。句意:尽管天气不好,我们还是像往常一样去钓鱼。根据汉语提示及设空后的名词短语,所以此处要用介词。despite“尽管”为介词,因处于句首,所以首字母要大写。故填Despite。
    65.opposed
    【解析】考查固定短语。句意:许多市民反对砍倒这棵百年老树。be opposed to是一个固定短语,意为:反对…;与…相对。故填opposed。
    66.advance
    【解析】考查名词。句意:提前准备好食物,因为今晚我们要邀请一些客人回家。固定词组:in advance“提前,预先”。再结合句意和所给汉语可知此处用名词advance。故填advance。
    67.distance
    【解析】考查名词。句意:Jay总是和他的女友保持一定距离。根据a判断此处用名词distance,构成短语at a distence,意为:在远处,有相当距离。故填distance。
    68.orbit
    【解析】考查名词。句意:根据时间表,中国将在2022年完成在轨空间站的建设。根据汉语提示及设空前的介词in,此处要用名词作宾语。固定短语in orbit,在轨道上,符合题意,故填orbit。
    69.variety
    【解析】考查名词。句意:岛上有各种各样的风景和野生动物。根据汉语提示的句意可知,空处填名词variety, a variety of “各种各样的”。故填variety。
    70.familiar
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:你可能有过这样的经历:你很熟悉一个人的脸,但就是记不住他或她的名字。根据首字母的句意可知,空处填形容词familiar,sb. be familiar with sth“熟悉.......”。故填familiar。
    71.possession
    【解析】考查名词。句意:他拥有这个稀有的花瓶。根据汉语提示“拥有”可知应填possession,短语in possession of“拥有”,故填possession。
    72.expectation
    【解析】考查固定短语。句意:出乎意料,我很快就取得了巨大成就。out of one's expectation出乎某人的意料,该短语是固定短语。故答案为expectation。
    73.within
    【解析】考查介词。句意:宇宙飞船预计在两个月内到达月球。根据汉语提示“在……之内”可知,空格处应用“within”,意为“在(某段时间)之内”,介词词性。故填within。
    74.despite
    【解析】考查介词。句意:她擅长物理,尽管事实上它很无聊。根据句意和汉语提示可知,此处是介词despite“尽管”,后接名词fact作宾语。故填despite。
    75.according
    【解析】考查固定短语。句意:工人将根据其工作量获得报酬。according to:根据。故填according。
    76.Despite
    【解析】考查介词。句意:尽管有一些错误,但很少有人看不起他。分析句子可知,some mistakes为名词,需要填一个介词含义的 “虽然,尽管”。故填Despite。
    77.series
    【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:政府采取了一系列措施来提升空气质量。根据固定短语a series of “一系列”,可知这里填series。故填series。
    78.previous
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:在先前的章节,我们已经学过很多有关二战的内容了。根据句子结构和汉语提示可知,此空考查“先前的”对应的形容词previous,修饰后面的名词“chapter”。故填previous。
    79.formal
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:因为他的家很穷,所以他没有受过正式的教育。根据句子结构和汉语提示可知,此空考查“正式的”对应的形容词formal,修饰后面的名词“education”。故填formal。
    80.surely/certainly
    【解析】考查副词。句意:他的表现肯定达到了我们的期待,并且我们很高兴。根据句子结构和汉语提示可知,此空考查“肯定地”对应的副词surely/certainly,修饰后面的动词短语“lived up to our expectations”,作状语。故填surely/certainly。
    81.challenging
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:照顾孩子对我来说是一份富有挑战性的工作。根据句子结构和汉语提示可知,此空考查“富有挑战性的”对应的形容词challenging,修饰后面的名词“job”。故填challenging。
    82.confident
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:虽然你这次失败了,但你应该对自己保持信心。自信的为“confident”作remain的表语。故填confident。
    83.various
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:你可以在这家书店看到各种不同的书在出售。分析句子结构可知,设空处缺少形容词修饰books,根据汉语提示可知,形容词various符合题意。故填various。
    【点睛】

    84.annual/yearly
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:我们一年一度的运动会将于下周五在我校举行。空处应用形容词作定语,根据汉语提示annual/yearly“年度的”符合题意。故填annual/yearly。
    85.independently
    【解析】考查副词。句意:我的祖父母年龄太大了以至于不能独立生活,因此他们现在和我们住在一起。修饰动词live应用副词,根据汉语提示,副词independently“独立地”符合题意。故填independently。
    86.responsibly
    【解析】考查副词。句意:我们应该认真对待这件事,负责任地处理。分析句子结构可知,设空处需要填入副词,修饰动词短语deal with,根据汉语提示可知,副词responsibly符合题意。故填responsibly。
    【点睛】

    87.unique
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:我相信你是世界上是独一无二的。根据汉语提示“独一无二的”可知,此处用形容词unique来表示“独一无二的”,作表语,故填unique。
    88.informal
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:这封信是用一种非正式的风格写成的。根据句意和汉语提示可知,应填informal“非正式的”作定语,故填informal。
    89.competent/capable
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:一个有能力的技工应该可以修理这台机器的。根据句子结构和汉语提示可知,这里考查“有能力”对应的形容词competent/capable做定语,修饰后面的名词“mechanic”。故填competent/capable。
    90.sensitive
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:这个女人非常敏感,甚至连鼠标的滴答声都让她感到不安。根据汉语提示及空前的so可知,空处应使用形容词sensitive,作was的表语。故填sensitive。
    91.efficiently
    【解析】考查副词。句意:现在,人们在网上可以更高效地购物,并且因此节省了去商店去找他们想要的东西的路程。根据句子结构和汉语提示可知,此空考查“有效率”对应的副词efficiently修饰动词“shop”。故填efficiently。
    92.suitable
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:她记得为父亲挑选一件合适的圣诞礼物是多么困难。修饰名词Christmas present,前用形容词形式。根据汉语提示及句意,故填suitable。
    93.external
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:这些外部影响总是存在的,但肯定有办法处理它们。根据汉语提示可知,external外在的,形容词作定语修饰名词 influences 。故填external。
    94.economic
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:政府正在采取措施处理国家的经济问题。根据汉语提示可知,空处应使用形容词economic,作定语,修饰名词problems。故填economic。
    95.curious
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:我很好奇宇航员在神舟十三号宇宙飞船上呆了六个月。am后接形容词作表语,好奇的为“curious”。故填curious。
    96.addicted
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:对于青少年来说沉迷于电脑游戏是寻常的。根据汉语提示“入迷的;上瘾的”,以及前面的系动词和后面的介词to可知,此处是be addicted to“对……上瘾”^填addicted。
    97.anxious
    【解析】考查形容词。句意:他的脸上呈现出焦虑不安的表情。根据汉语提示“焦虑不安的”,以及前面的冠词an可知,形容词anxious符合题意。故填anxious。
    B组 提升练


    1
    (2021·内蒙古·巴彦淖尔市临河区第三中学高三期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    One night, 1. winter, a bear came into the city in Vancouver Canada. It walked through the city streets past houses, shops and offices. Then it 2. (find) some food in bins outside a restaurant and started eating. In the morning, someone saw the bear and called the police. The police came with a vet from the city zoo. They put the bear in a lorry and took it to the mountains outside the city. 3. (fortune), the bear was safe. But 4. happens in other countries when big animals come into cities? In Vancouver it is unusual 5. (see) a bear, but in some cities you can see big animals on the city streets every day.
    Big animals usually come into cities to find food. In Cape Town in South Africa baboons(狒狒) come into the city when they are driven by 6. (starve). Human food is very bad for the baboons’ 7. (tooth) because it has a lot of sugar. Now, there are Baboon Monitors working in Cape Town. 8. (they) job is to find baboons in the city and return them to the countryside.
    In Berlin in Germany, pigs sometimes come into the city for food. They eat flowers and plants in parks and gardens. Sometimes they eat vegetables from gardens9. they walk in the street, causing accidents. Some people like the pigs and they give them food and water to drink. Other people do not like the pigs and they want the government and the police to stop them 10. (enter) the city.
    【答案】
    1. in
    2. found
    3. Fortunately
    4. what
    5. to see
    6. starvation
    7. teeth
    8. Their
    9. and
    10. entering
    【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要以“闯入人类聚居地的动物”为话题进行讲述。冬天的一个晚上,一只熊闯入温哥华的一个城市,在找到了一些食物之后,被安全送回山林。但是,在其他经常有动物出没的其他国家的城市里,狒狒一旦被发现就送回郊外,因为人类的食物对其牙齿有害;而在德国柏林,野猪的出没则会造成花园破坏甚至交通意外。
    1. 考查介词。句意:冬天的一天晚上,一只熊来到加拿大温哥华市。分析可知,“____1____ winter”在句中作时间状语,季节前用介词in。故填in。
    2. 考查时态。句意:然后它在一家餐馆外的垃圾箱里发现了一些食物,开始吃起来。分析可知,所填动词为句子的谓语动词,结合前文谓语“came”,“walked”语境可知应是一般过去时。故填found。
    3. 考查副词。句意:幸运的是,熊是安全的。分析可知,所填应是副词作状语修饰整个句子。“fortune”,名词,意为“财富;运气”,其副词形式为“fortunately(幸运地)”。故填Fortunately。
    4. 考查疑问词。句意:但当大动物进入城市时,其他国家会发生什么?分析可知,所填空为句子的主语,结合语境可知,主语指代事物,应是what。故填what。
    5. 考查动词不定式。句意:在温哥华,看到熊是不常见的,但在一些城市,你每天都能在城市街道上看到大型动物。分析可知,“it”为形式主语,真正主语应是“____5____ (see) a bear”,应是动词不定式形式。故填to see。
    6. 考查名词。句意:在南非开普敦,狒狒因饥饿而进城。分析可知,“by”为介词,所填空应是名词。“starve”,动词,意为“饿死;挨饿”,其名词形式为“starvation(饥饿)”。故填starvation。
    7. 考查名词复数。句意:人类的食物对狒狒的牙齿非常有害,因为它含有大量的糖。分析可知,“their”指代前文提及的“baboons(狒狒)”,因此所填应是名词复数。“tooth”意为“牙齿”,可数名词,其复数形式为“teeth”。故填teeth。
    8. 考查形容词性物主代词。句意:他们的工作是在城市里找到狒狒并把它们送回郊外。分析可知,所填空应是其后名词“job(工作)”的定语,“they”的形容词性物主代词为“their(他们的)”,可作其定语。故填Their。
    9. 考查连词。句意:有时它们吃花园里的蔬菜,在街上散步,造成事故。分析可知,前文“they eat vegetables from gardens(它们吃花园里的蔬菜)”与后文“they walk in the street, causing accidents(在街上散步,造成事故)”之间为并列关系,应用并列连词and。故填and。
    10. 考查动名词。句意:其他人不喜欢猪,他们希望政府和警察阻止它们进入城市。“stop sb./sth (from) doing”,固定短语,意为“阻止某人/某物做某事”,“from”可省略,“doing”为动名词作宾语。故填entering。
    2
    (2021·河南省实验中学高三期中)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Yuan Longping, China’s “father of hybrid rice” and highly11. (praise) for his contributions to the country’s food 12. (secure), died on Saturday. He was 91 years old.
    Born in Beijing in September 1930, Yuan 13. (begin) his career as an agrarian(土地的) researcher during the 1950s. He often said in interviews that he 14. (drive) to increase rice output in China because of the hunger he had witnessed. “My lifetime pursuit is to ensure all people stay away from hunger,” he once said.
    In 1964, Yuan theorized that a male-sterile(雄性不育的) grain could be crossed with other plants to increase production. 15. , it was not until 1973 that he cultivated the first hybrid rice thanks to the 16. (discover) of a wild rice species 17. made the breakthrough possible. Mass cultivation(种植) of the crop began in 1976 and proved key to China’s ability 18. (feed) one-fifth of the world’s population 19. just 9 per cent of its arable(可耕种的) land.
    In 1995, he produced a two-line hybrid rice and was tasked by the government to improve production still 20. (far). He later developed a single-line hybrid rice. Yuan was awarded the World Food Prize in 2004, for “pioneering research in his contributions to the fight against food deficiency(缺乏).
    【答案】
    11. praised
    12. security
    13. began
    14. was driven
    15. However
    16. discovery
    17. that/which
    18. to feed
    19. with
    20. Further
    【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平。
    11. 考查非谓语动词。句意:袁隆平,中国“杂交水稻之父”,因其对国家粮食安全的贡献而受到高度赞扬,于周六去世。分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词died,空处需填非谓语动词,Yuan Longping和praise为逻辑上的动宾关系,需填过去分词形式。故填praised。
    12. 考查名词。句意同上。country’s为名词所有格,空处需填名词security,此处为不可数名词。故填security。
    13. 考查动词时态。句意:袁隆平1930年9月出生于北京,20世纪50年代开始了他的农业研究生涯。根据“during the 1950s”可知,此处陈述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时。故填began。
    14. 考查动词时态和语态。句意:他经常在采访中说,由于亲眼目睹了饥荒,他被迫提高中国的大米产量。根据“said”可知,that引导的从句使用一般过去时,he和drive为被动关系,需用被动语态,主语为he,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was driven。
    15. 考查副词。句意:然而,直到1973年,他才培育出第一个杂交水稻,这多亏了一种野生水稻的发现,使这一突破成为可能。上下文之间是转折关系,需用副词however,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填However。
    16. 考查名词。句意同上。定冠词the修饰名词,空处需填名词discovery,作宾语,此处表抽象概念,不可数。故填discovery。
    17. 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导定语从句,先行词species,指物,在定语从句中作主语,需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
    18. 考查非谓语动词。句意:这种作物的大规模种植始于1976年,事实证明,它是中国用仅9%的可耕地养活世界五分之一人口的关键。修饰名词ability,需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to feed。
    19. 考查介词。句意同上。表示“用”需用介词with。故填with。
    20. 考查比较级。句意:1995年,他生产了一种两系杂交水稻,政府委托他进一步提高产量。此处需用副词比较级further,修饰动词improve,表示“更进一步地”。故填further。
    3
    (2021·江苏如东·高三期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Giant pandas prefer eating shoots and leaves of bamboo, all of21. are richer in nutrition. Because of their low-energy diet, they avoid stressful situations,22. (prefer) spending time alone.
    In addition to eating for about half a day, the giant pandas spend the rest of their time in sleeping. In the wild, they sleep for 2 to 4 hours23. its two meals. The keepers feed giant pandas twice24. day at regular times in the zoo.Therefore, they spend most of their spare time in rest.
    Pandas get into positions of25. (vary)kinds.Their favorite sleeping position is putting their hind paws on the trees with their front paws shading their eyes.
    Panda families don't live together, and each female26. (have)a well-defined range. Males generally live apart, except for in the short breeding season. They enjoy27. (free) of being alone. In addition to one month spent with their partners during mating season, most of their time 28. (spend)alone.
    Seldom29. (active)attacking men or other animals, the giant pandas always evade them when coming across them. However, they will burst into anger at small things such as their cubs(幼兽)30. (watch)by visitors.
    【答案】
    21. which
    22. preferring
    23. between
    24. a
    25. various
    26. has
    27. freedom
    28. is spent
    29. actively
    30. being watched
    【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了大熊猫的饮食和生活习性等信息。
    21. 考查定语从句。句意:大熊猫喜欢吃竹子的茎和叶,这些都是非常有营养的。分析句子结构可知,此处考查介词+关系代词引起的非限制性定语从句,先行词是shoots and leaves of bamboo,所以用指代物的关系代词which,作介词of的宾语,故填which。
    22. 考查非谓语动词。句意:因为它们的低能量饮食,所以它们避免有压力的情况,更喜欢独处。分析句子结构可知,此处要填非谓语动词;在句中作状语;prefer和句子主语they是主动的关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填preferring。
    23. 考查介词。句意:在野外,它们会在两顿饭之间睡2到4个小时。分析句子结构可知,此处要填介词;根据句意,此处意指在两餐之间要休息2到4个小时。故填between。
    24. 考查冠词。句意:动物园的饲养员每天定时喂两次大熊猫。根据空格后的单数名词day,可知此处要填冠词;根据空格前的twice及句意可知,此处考查表示频率的短语twice a day。故填a。
    25. 考查形容词。句意:熊猫们摆出各种各样的姿势。根据空格前介词of及空格后名词kinds,可知此处要填形容词,作定语修饰后面的名词。故填various。
    26. 考查主谓一致。句意:熊猫家庭并不生活在一起,每只雌性熊猫都有明确的活动范围。分析句子结构可知,此处要填谓语动词;句子主语是each female,为单数可数名词,所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填has。
    27. 考查名词。句意:它们享受独居的自由。根据空格前的及物动词enjoy可知空格处要填名词,作宾语,不可数,故填freedom。
    28. 考查时态和语态。句意:在交配季节,除了与伴侣共度一个月的时间外,它们大部分时间都是独自度过的。 分析句子结构及句意可知,此处所填词与主语time之间是被动的关系,而且全篇时态都是一般现在时,所以此处要填一般现在时的被动语态。表示时间被花费在独处上。故填is spent。
    29. 考查副词。句意:大熊猫很少主动攻击人或其他动物,遇到他们时总是躲避。分析句子结构可知,此处所填词用来修饰后面的动词attack,所以要用副词。故填actively。
    30. 考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,它们却会因为一些例如游客观看他们的幼崽的事情上突然变得愤怒。分析句子结构可知,此处要填非谓语动词;所填词watch与前面的名词cubs之间是被动的关系;且位于介词短语such as后,所以要用动名词的复合结构。故填being watched。
    4
    (2021·吉林·东北师大附中高三月考)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Walt Disney, a legendary animator and entrepreneur left us more than amusement and joy. His view of criticism is 31. inspiration to all of us, “You may not realize it when it happens, 32. a kick in the teeth may be the 33. (good) thing in the world for you.”
    There’s a lot to be learned from the quote. As you go through life, there will be no shortage of persons 34. (tell) you where you’re wrong or what you need to improve. You could label all these people as haters and simply ignore 35. . Or You could do as what Disney 36. (do): You could use that negative feedback 37. (make) you better.
    Learning to benefit 38. criticism rooted in truth 39. (take) emotional intelligence. The key is to change the way you process criticism. You must turn negative feedback into something constructive. When you see it as an opportunity for 40. (grow), it can help you to change, adapt and improve.
    【答案】
    31. an
    32. but
    33. best
    34. telling
    35. them
    36. did
    37. to make
    38. from
    39. takes
    40. growth
    【解析】这是一篇议论文。主要告诉我们传奇动画师和企业家Walt Disney对待批评的观点对于所有人而言都是一种鼓舞。我们需要把负面反馈当成成长的机会,帮助自己改变和提高。
    31. 考查冠词。句意:他面对批评的观点对我们所有人来说都是一种鼓舞,“当它发生的时候,你可能没有意识到,但是对你而言沉重的打击可能是世界上最好的东西。”分析句子结构,空处表示泛指,应用不定冠词,inspiration是元音音素开头的单词,前边使用不定冠词an。故填an。
    32. 考查连词。句意:他的批评观点对我们所有人来说都是一种鼓舞,“当它发生的时候,你可能没有意识到,但是对你而言沉重的打击可能是世界上最好的东西。”根据语境,前后之间表示转折关系,应用but表示“但是”,连接并列句,表示转折。故填but。
    33. 考查形容词最高级。句意:他面对批评的观点对我们所有人来说都是一种鼓舞,“当它发生的时候,你可能没有意识到,但是对你而言沉重的打击可能是世界上最好的东西。”根据语境,表示“最好的东西”,空处需填形容词的最高级形式,作定语修饰名词thing。故填best。
    34. 考查非谓语动词。句意:在你的一生中,不会缺少人来告诉你哪里错了或者你需要改进什么。分析句子结构,主句中will be是谓语动词,空处需填非谓语动词形式,tell与逻辑主语persons之间是主动关系,应用现在分词作定语。故填telling。
    35. 考查代词。句意:你可以把所有这些人都贴上仇恨者的标签,然后干脆不理他们。根据语境,空处需填代词宾格,表示“他们”,指代前面的复数名词haters,作动词ignore的宾语。故填them。
    36. 考查时态。句意:或者你可以像Disney那样做:你可以利用负面反馈,让你变得更好。分析句子结构, what引导的从句中缺少谓语动词,do表示“做”,表示Disney过去所做的事,应使用一般过去时。故填did。
    37. 考查非谓语动词。句意:或者你可以像迪斯尼那样做:你可以利用负面反馈,让你变得更好。分析句子结构,use是谓语动词,空处需填非谓语动词,use sth. to do sth.表示“使用某物来做某事”。故填to make。
    38. 考查介词。句意:学习从基于真理的批评中获益需要情商。根据语境,表示“从批评中受益”,benefit from表示“从……中受益”。故填from。
    39. 考查时态。句意:学习从基于真理的批评中获益需要情商。句子描述一般性情况,应用一般现在时,分析句子结构,动名词短语Learning to benefit ___8___ criticism rooted in truth作主语,谓语动词应用单数形式。故填takes。
    40. 考查名词。句意:当你把它看作是一个成长的机会时,它可以帮助你改变、适应和提高。介词for之后需用名词形式作宾语,且不可数,表示“成长的机会”。故填growth。
    5
    (2021·浙江台州·一模)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Henry Dunant (1828—1910) was born in Geneva, Switzerland. In 1856, he created a trading company which did business in Algeria, a French colony at the time. 41. , the company ran into legal troubles, and the authorities were of no help to him, so he decided 42. (appeal) directly to the French leader, Napoleon III, in 1859, at Solferino, Italy. His experiences there of attending wounded prisoners led to the 43. (create) of the Red Cross in 1863. Dunant continued on with his trading company, but it was 44. failure. Everyone he knew turned their back on him and he 45. (force) to leave Geneva. Having failed at ever achieving his worldly ambitions, he gave up the idea of making money and devoted 46. (he) to volunteer work. He lived in poverty in 47. (vary) cities in Europe for years. In 1887, he began receiving a small income from distant relatives, and went to live in Heiden, Switzerland. 48. time, he slowly began making friends and admirers again. In 1895, while out on a walk, he met the editor of a local newspaper, who wrote a story about him. The article was 49. (wide) reprinted throughout Europe and led to a great deal of interest in him, 50. (make) him win first-ever Nobel Peace Prize in 1901.
    【答案】
    41. However
    42. to appeal
    43. creation
    44. a
    45. was forced
    46. himself
    47. various
    48. Over
    49. widely
    50. making
    【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Henry Dunant的个人经历以及他是如何获得诺贝尔和平奖的。
    41. 考查副词。句意:然而,公司遇到了法律问题,当局也帮不了他,所以他决定在1859年,在意大利的索费里诺,直接向法国领导人拿破仑三世上诉。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系,且由逗号隔开,应用however,句首单词首字母要大写。故填However。
    42. 考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,公司遇到了法律问题,当局也帮不了他,所以他决定在1859年,在意大利的索费里诺,直接向法国领导人拿破仑三世上诉。结合句意表示“决定做某事”可知短语为decide to do sth.。故填to appeal。
    43. 考查名词。句意:他在那里照顾受伤囚犯的经历促成了1863年红十字会的成立。此处作宾语,表示“成立”应用名词creation,为不可数名词。故填creation。
    44. 考查冠词。句意:Dunant继续经营他的贸易公司,但失败了。此处failure为抽象名词具体化,表示“失败的事情”应用不定冠词,且failure是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a。故填a。
    45. 考查时态语态。句意:他认识的每个人都背弃了他,他被迫离开了日内瓦。主语与谓语构成被动关系,结合上文Everyone he knew turned their back on him可知用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为he,谓语用单数。故填was forced。
    46. 考查代词。句意:由于未能实现他的世俗抱负,他放弃了赚钱的想法,把自己投入到志愿工作中。结合句意表示“投入……”可知短语为devote oneself to。故填himself。
    47. 考查形容词。句意:多年来,他在欧洲各个城市过着贫困的生活。修饰后文复数名词cities,应用形容词various,作定语。故填various。
    48. 考查介词。句意:随着时间的推移,他慢慢地又开始结交朋友和崇拜者。结合句意表示“随着时间的推移”可知短语为over time,句首单词首字母要大写。故填Over。
    49. 考查副词。句意:这篇文章在欧洲广泛转载,引起了人们对他的极大兴趣,使他在1901年首次获得诺贝尔和平奖。修饰后文动词reprinted,应用副词widely,作状语,表示“广泛地”。故填widely。
    50. 考查非谓语动词。句意:这篇文章在欧洲广泛转载,引起了人们对他的极大兴趣,使他在1901年首次获得诺贝尔和平奖。分析句子结构可知make在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与上文构成主动关系,故用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。
    6
    (2021·山东·临清市第二中学高三期中)阅读短文内容,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, online courses are no longer just an option for many students — they 51. (become) a requirement. Many undergraduate and graduate programs are shifting to a fully or partially online format for semester classes 52. (prevent) the spread of the coronavirus among students and staff.
    Web-based education had been gaining energy in higher education. Nearly 3.3 million higher education students 53. (register) in distance education programs in fall 2018, according to the National Center for Education Statistics. Whether 54. student is just starting a degree program or switching to online learning due to these unprecedented (前所未有的) circumstances, online colleges can provide the flexibility to study from anywhere. Students with family responsibilities or full-time jobs may also be able to work around their own schedules. While online learning may ease health and safety 55. (concern), it has still presented students 56. unique challenges. Those 57. are accustomed to face-to-face learning, and perhaps daily life on a physical campus, will need to adjust to the lack of in-person interaction. All online students, 58. (especial) those balancing additional responsibilities at home, need to practice strong time management and overcome distractions in their environment.
    Prospective students 59. (consider) an online degree and current online students should remember student support is typically available at accredited institutions to help 60. (they) adjust to online courses and plan their academic futures in uncertain times.
    【答案】
    51. have become
    52. to prevent
    53. registered
    54. a
    55. concerns
    56. with
    57. who
    58. especially
    59. considering
    60. them
    【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在疫情背景下,网络在线学习已经成为学生的一种选择和要求。
    51. 考查时态。句意:在当前的COVID-19大流行期间,在线课程不再只是许多学生的一种选择——它们已成为一种要求。分析句子,该空所给动词become在句中作谓语,根据句意及语境,由疫情引发并且对现在的学生学习已经产生影响,已经成为一种需求,过去已经发生并且对现在有影响,应使用现在完成时。故填have become。
    52. 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了防止新冠病毒在学生和教职员工中传播,许多本科和研究生课程正在转变为完全或部分在线形式的学期课程。分析句子,该空所给动词prevent在句中,作目的状语,将学习活动转变为线上学习的目的是为防止病毒的传播。故填to prevent。
    53. 考查时态。句意:根据国家教育统计中心的数据,2018年秋季,近330万高等教育学生注册参加远程教育项目。该空所给动词register在句中作谓语,学生注册课程,应为主动语态,根据时间状语in fall 2018,应使用一般过去时。故填registered。
    54. 考查冠词。句意:无论学生是刚刚开始攻读学位课程,还是由于这些前所未有的情况而转向在线学习,在线大学都可以提供在任何地方学习的灵活性。空后student为可数名词,此处泛指“一名学生”,应用不定冠词,且以辅音音素开头,应用a。故填a。
    55. 考查名词复数。句意:虽然在线学习可以缓解健康和安全方面的担忧,但它仍然给学生们带来了独特的挑战。所给名词concern表示“关心”为抽象名词,此处具体化为可数名词“令人担忧的事情/问题”,此处指健康和安全两方面的问题,应使用名词复数形式。故填concerns。
    56. 考查介词。句意:虽然在线学习可以缓解健康和安全方面的担忧,但它仍然给学生们带来了独特的挑战。固定搭配present sb. with sth.表示“给予某人某东西,向某人呈现某物”,此处表示给了学生一些挑战。故填with。
    57. 考查定语从句。句意:那些习惯了面对面学习的人,也许还习惯了在实体校园的日常生活,将需要适应面对面互动的缺乏。分析句子,不定代词those作主语,will need to adjust作谓语,中间部分是定语从句修饰先行词those,不定代词指代人,此处应使用who指代先行词在从句中作主语。故填who。
    58. 考查副词。句意:所有在线学习的学生,尤其是要平衡家里的额外责任,需要练习严格的时间管理,克服环境中的干扰。 此处需要副词especially,这是一个强调功能的副词,用来加强语气,表示“尤其是;特别是”。它几乎可以修饰各种词类或句中的各种成分,例如:名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、甚至从句,此处强调代词those,表示“尤其是那些……的人”。故填especially。
    59. 考查非谓语动词。句意:考虑在线学位的潜在学生和目前在线的学生应该记住,在认证机构通常可以获得学生支持,以帮助他们适应在线课程,并在不确定的时期规划他们的学术未来。分析句子,Prospective students作主语,should remember为谓语,该空所给动词consider在句中作后置定语,与所修饰名词students主动关系,应使用现在分词。故填considering。
    60. 考查代词。句意:考虑在线学位的潜在学生和目前在线的学生应该记住,在认证机构通常可以获得学生支持,以帮助他们适应在线课程,并在不确定的时期规划他们的学术未来。此处所给人称代词作动词help的宾语,应使用宾格形式。故填them。
    7
    (2021·重庆·高三月考)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式填空。
    I have a special place in my heart 61. libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes 62. (read) up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and 63. other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
    My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old. It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.
    As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, 64. my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
    I always read, using different voices,as 65. I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it! It was a special time 66. (bond)with my children and it filled them with the 67. (wonder) of books.
    Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on from generation to generation.
    As 68. novelist, I've found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven (避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, 69. (think) to help fight book piracy (盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a 70. (significance)way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
    【答案】
    61. for
    62. reading
    63. while/when/as
    64. where
    65. though/if
    66. to bond
    67. wonderment
    68. a
    69. are thought
    70. significant
    【解析】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲的是图书馆在作者心中占有的特殊的地位。
    61. 考查介词。句意:图书馆在我心中占有特殊的地位。根据语境,句子表示“我心中有一个地方是给图书馆的”,因此空格处表示“为了”,是介词for,故填for。
    62. 考查现在分词。句意:我是一个热情的读者,孩子时,有时一天读三本书。分析可知,句中谓语是was,空格处用非谓语形式,I和read之间是主谓关系,因此空格处用现在分词reading表主动,故填reading。
    63. 考查连词。句意:故事对我来说就像空气,当其他孩子玩球或参加聚会时,我通过从图书馆借的书体验冒险。根据语境可知,“other kids played ball or went to parties”和“I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library”是同一时间发生的动作,因此空格处是“当......的时候或而”,即while/when/as,故填while/when/as。
    64. 考查定语从句的引导词。句意:对我们来说,带着书去当地的图书馆是件大事,我的孩子们可以在那里挑选要读的书或他们想让我读给他们听的书。空格处引导定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,先行词library是地点,因此空格处用关系副词where,故填where。
    65. 考查固定短语。句意:我总是阅读,用不同的声音,就好像我用我的声音表演故事,他们很喜欢!根据语境可知,句子表示“我总是阅读,用不同的声音,就好像我用我的声音表演故事”,as though/if是固定短语,意为“好像”,因此空格处是though/if,故填though/if。
    66. 考查不定式。句意:这是一个特殊的时刻,与我的孩子们建立了联系,这让他们对书籍充满了好奇。it's time to do sth.是固定短语,意为“是做某事的时候”,因此空格处是不定式to bond,故填to bond。
    67. 考查名词。句意:这是一个特殊的时刻,与我的孩子们建立了联系,这让他们对书籍充满了好奇。空格处用名词作宾语,根据语境可知,空格处意为“好奇”,其名词是wonderment,意为“好奇”,是不可数名词,故填wonderment。
    68. 考查冠词。句意:作为一名小说家,我发现了一种与图书馆的新关系。novelist是可数名词,此处表泛指,前面需加不定冠词,novelist是辅音音素开头,因此不定冠词用a,故填a。
    69. 考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:图书馆,以他们自己的方式,被认为有助于打击图书盗版,我认为所有作家应该在他们可以的时候以一种重要的方式支持图书馆。根据语境可知,图书馆被认为有助于打击图书盗版,且通篇时态是一般现在时,因此空格处用一般现在时的被动语态,即is/are done,主语Libraries是复数,因此空格处是are thought,故填are thought。
    70. 考查形容词。句意:图书馆,以他们自己的方式,被认为有助于打击图书盗版,我认为所有作家应该在他们可以的时候以一种重要的方式支持图书馆。空格处用形容词作定语,修饰名词way,significance的形容词是significant,意为“重要的”,故填significant。
    8
    (2021·江苏淮安·高三期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    We tend to think about success in terms of wealth and accomplishments. That’s a fair measurement, but the problem is that when we addict into the 71. (victory), we tend to overlook the sacrifices required in order to get there. In fact, 72. (neglect) to account for the existing sacrifices is one reason why so many of us have a hard time sticking to 73. (health) habits and following up on goals.
    Time is a factor when it comes to making sacrifices. As Warren Buffett famously 74. (say), “It’s the only thing you can’t buy. I mean, I can buy anything I want, basically, but I can’t buy time.” He’s 75. (absolute) right. Should you watch another section of your favorite Netflix show 76. give up TV for two months so you can plant that garden you always dreamed about?
    Making the decision isn’t easy, but the good news is 77. we already do this naturally. A 2009 study found that people are “far78. (little) willing to keep many choices open” when some have bigger rewards than others. If the payoffs are unknown, however, we have a harder time giving them up. That’s why doing an activity check is so important. You have to actually take the time 79. (figure) out the opportunity costs, gains of each and what to pursue over the 80. .
    【答案】
    71. victories
    72. neglecting
    73. healthy
    74. said
    75. absolutely
    76. or
    77. that
    78. less
    79. to figure
    80. other
    【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了在人们沉迷于渴求胜利的过程中,往往会忽略掉要做出的相应的牺牲,所以我们应该花时间来计算机会所需成本及其收益,以及在另一个机会中我们追求什么。
    71. 考查名词复数。句意:这是一个公平的衡量标准,但问题是,当我们沉迷于这些胜利时,我们往往会忽略为了达到胜利所需要的牺牲。根据句意可知,此处可数名词victory指前文wealth and accomplishments等成功的事情,为复数概念,故用其复数形式与后文sacrifices相呼应。故填victories。
    72. 考查非谓语动词。句意:事实上,忽视对现有牺牲的考虑是为什么我们这么多人难以坚持健康的习惯和既定目标的原因之一。分析可知,此处应用动名词作主语。故填neglecting。
    73. 考查形容词。句意:事实上,忽视对现有牺牲的考虑是为什么我们这么多人难以坚持健康的习惯和既定目标的原因之一。根据后文名词habits可知,此处应用health的形容词作定语,修饰名词。故填healthy。
    74. 考查动词时态。句意:正如Warren Buffett所说:“它是唯一你买不到的东西。我的意思是,基本上我可以买我想要的任何东西,但我不能买到时间。”根据句意可知,此处引用过去曾经说过的话,As引导的从句中用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填said。
    75. 考查副词。句意:他是绝对正确的。修饰形容词right应用副词。故填absolutely。
    76. 考查连词。句意:你是应该看你最喜欢的Netflix节目的另一部分,还是放弃两个月的电视,去种植你一直梦想的花园?根据句意可知,本句为选择疑问句,故用连词or表示选择。故填or。
    77. 考查名词性从句。句意:做出决定并不容易,但好消息是,我们已经自然而然地这样做了。分析句子并根据前文is可知,此处引导表语从句,从句中成分齐全,意义完整,故用没有实际意义的连接词that引导从句。故填that。
    78. 考查副词比较级。句意:2009年的一项研究发现,当一些人获得比其他人更大的回报时,人们“更不愿意公开很多选择”。根据句意可知,此处应用副词little的比较级修饰形容词willing,表示“更少的愿意,更不愿意”与后文bigger相呼应。故填less。
    79. 考查非谓语动词。句意:实际上,你必须花时间来计算机会所需成本、每一个机会的收益以及在另一个机会中追求什么。take time to do sth是习惯用法。故填to figure。
    80. 考查不定代词。句意:实际上,你必须花时间来计算机会所需成本、每一个机会的收益以及在另一个机会中追求什么。根据句意及前文the可知,此处应用不定代词other与the连用,指“另一个机会”,和前文each呼应。故填other。


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