外研版高中英语选择性必修第三册Unit6NatureinwordsSectionⅢDevelopingideas基础训练含解析

Unit 6 Nature in words Section Ⅲ Developing ideas

Ⅰ.单句填空

1.Movement is absolute while       stillness       （still） is relative.

2.People can act      violently      （violent） if they feel threatened.

3.Other cultures may use      silence       （silent） in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts between people.

4.We all know that Yuan Longping is famous for his       scientific       （science） achievements.

5.It is often said that human beings are        naturally       （natural） equipped to speak.

6.When I was young, I didn’t know much about the      harmful       （harm） effects of smoking.

7.I recommend him to think very        carefully      （careful） before he does anything foolish.

8.This morning, when I was walking on the street, I saw that two travelers were reading a map, looking         puzzled      （puzzle）.

9.UNESCO recently set April 30 as a day to raise        awareness      （aware） of jazz music.

10.Very few of those interviewed spoke        positively       （positive） about their childhood.

Ⅱ. 同义替换

1.After the accident, he      was stopped from     driving.        was banned from   

2.Its color can alter regularly in a day, and it makes people confused about it.       puzzled about   

3.Knowing that threatening danger, they were ready to fight.        on the alert   

4.It takes courage to get down to a new business in these difficult times.        launch into   

5.The programme is intended for teenage audience.     is aimed at   

6.She loves the song especially, because her mother used to sing it.       in particular   

7.You’d better give up smoking; it has a bad effect on your health.        causes harm to   

8.It was the culture, instead of the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.       rather than   

Ⅲ. 完成句子

1.十分之九的受访女性表示喜欢这款产品。

Nine out of ten women        interviewed about the product       said they liked it.

2.与其说他死了, 倒不如说他看上去睡着了。

He looks       more asleep than dead      .

3.他开会迟到的原因是他错过了早班车。

The reason why he was late for the meeting was      that he missed the early bus       .

4.目前, 并不是每个人都支持他的计划。

    Not everyone      is in favor of his plan at present.

5.除非你能睡个好觉, 否则一两个晚上之后, 你就会失去集中注意力、制订计划和保持动力的能力。

  Unless you can sleep well       , you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.

素养综合练

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

（2021河北安平中学高二月考）

The Chinese word “Shanzhai” means a small mountain village, but now it becomes an accepted name for fakes, after “Shanzhai Cell-phones” produced by small workshops in southern China became popular in the mainland market over the past years. Besides “Shanzhai” electronic products, there are “Shanzhai” movies, “Shanzhai” stars and even a “Shanzhai” Spring Festival Gala, a copy of the traditional show presented by CCTV on Chinese Lunar New Year’s Eve.

“Shanzhai” has become a culture of its own, meaning anything that imitates something famous. “Shanzhai” versions of “Bird’s Nest” and “Water Cube” woven by farmers with bamboo attract wide attention from tourists. Both are copies of the famous Olympic buildings in Beijing.

A literature critic said that taking the “Shanzhai” Gala as an example, when the traditional CCTV program becomes less and less attractive to the audience, the “Shanzhai” version appears timely to attract people. “Although it is often connected with poor techniques and operation, ‘Shanzhai’ culture meets the psychological needs of common people and could be a comfort to their minds,” he said.

To the mainstream culture, the rise of “Shanzhai” culture is a challenge and motivation. People believe different kinds of cultures’ developing together is a perfect way and it is for the public to choose.

1.The Chinese word “Shanzhai” may have started with .

A.fake （假的） cell-phonesB.electronic products

C.the Spring Festival GalaD.Olympic buildings

2.According to the passage, “Shanzhai” culture means .

A.the action that a person imitates famous people

B.products with poor techniques and quality

C.anything that is a copy of something famous

D.those similar names to famous brands

3.We can infer that the mainstream culture .

A.is held back by “Shanzhai” culture

B.is the challenge of “Shanzhai” culture

C.will be replaced by “Shanzhai” culture

D.may develop faster because of the challenge of “Shanzhai” culture

答案：1.A

解析：1.[语篇解读]  本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了“山寨”文化的产生及其影响。对于大众来说, 它具有一定的吸引力; 对于主流文化来说, 它具有一定的挑战性。

【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第一段第一句The Chinese word “Shanzhai” means a small mountain village, but now it becomes an accepted name for fakes, after “Shanzhai Cell-phones” produced by small workshops in southern China became popular in the mainland market over the past years. 可知,“山寨”最初的意思是指手机假货。

故选A项。

答案：2.C

解析：2.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第二段第一句“Shanzhai” has become a culture of its own, meaning anything that imitates something famous. （“山寨”已经成为一种独特的文化, 是指任何模仿著名事物的东西。）可知,“山寨”文化是指出名的东西的复制品。故选C项。

答案：3.D

解析：3.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据最后一段第一句To the mainstream culture, the rise of “Shanzhai” culture is a challenge and motivation. （对于主流文化来说,“山寨”文化的兴起是一种挑战和动力。）可知,“山寨”文化对于主流文化来说, 有可能会使其受到刺激并发展。故选D项。

深度解析

词汇积累

traditional adj. 传统的; 惯例的  of one’s own属于某人自己的  imitate vt. 模仿, 仿效  timely adv. 及时be connected with 与……有关  comfort n. 令人感到安慰的人（或事物）

长难句分析

A literature critic said that taking the “Shanzhai” Gala as an example, when the traditional CCTV program becomes less and less attractive to the audience, the “Shanzhai” version appears timely to attract people. 一位文学评论家说, 以“山寨”春晚为例, 当传统的央视节目对观众的吸引力变得越来越小时,“山寨”版本及时出现来吸引人们。

分析：本句为主从复合句。谓语动词said后面是that引导的宾语从句, 其中, 现在分词短语taking the “Shanzhai” Gala as an example在从句中作状语, when引导时间状语从句。

Ⅱ. 七选五

（2020四川绵阳高二月考）

Many people are stuck in a life they don’t want, and are held in places by everything from financial restrictions to social pressures. If you are looking to pursue your dreams, it can be discouraging to change everything at once.      1   

Write down your goals to get them out of your head and into reality. Be honest with yourself about what you want, no matter how impossible it seems and ignore what you “should” do based on the views of your friends, family or society.      2      Don’t leave anything out, no matter how small or silly it sounds. Look at the themes of your list to get an idea of what your dream life will look like.

    3     Choose one that is relatively easy to accomplish, one that is doable but will require work and one that seems impossible based on your current circumstances and lifestyle. List the steps you will need to take to get to each goal, and get down to the little details.

Start with your smallest goal and work through the steps until you achieve it. Each time you complete one of the steps, cross it off so you can celebrate the process in addition to the end result.      4   

Figure out how you can work your second two goals into your life.      5      If your big dream is to quit your job and travel around the world, start a savings account that is dedicated to travel money and set aside a small amount each week for three years. Plan your steps according to the time you set and they will be doable and fit smoothly into your life.

A.Seek support from your friends and family.

B.You will need to have courage to make changes.

C.Identify the top three things that will get you closer to your dream life.

D.When you achieve the goal, find a way to continue integrating it into your life.

E.Choose a deadline for each goal, whether it is one year down the road or five.

F.List the things you want to accomplish in your life, both personal and professional.

G.Instead, making small, gradual changes to prepare the way to dreams makes the process easier.

1.   2.   3.   4.   5.

答案：1.G

解析：1.[语篇解读]  本文是一篇说明文。许多人被困在他们不想要的生活中, 被经济限制、社会压力等一切所束缚。文章主要就如何实现梦想提出了一些建议。

【解题思路】上文提到, 如果你想追求你的梦想, 一下子改变一切会让你泄气。那么本句应当是建议从小的改变做起会比较容易。故选项G“相反, 做一些小的、渐进的改变, 为梦想的道路做准备, 会使这个过程更容易”符合上下文语境, 故选G项。

答案：2.F

解析：2.【解题思路】根据本段第一句Write down your goals to get them out of your head and into reality. 以及下文Don’t leave anything out, no matter how small or silly it sounds. 可知, 本句应当是在说明列出生活中想要完成的事情, 不要遗漏。故选项F“列出你在生活中想要完成的事情, 包括个人的和专业的”符合上下文语境, 故选F项。

答案：3.C

解析：3.【解题思路】根据下文Choose one that is relatively easy to accomplish, one that is doable but will require work and one that seems impossible based on your current circumstances and lifestyle. 可知, 选择一个相对容易完成的, 一个可行但需要努力的, 一个基于你目前的情况和生活方式似乎不可能的。由此可知, 本句应当是在说明找出更能让你接近梦想生活的前三件事。故选C项。

答案：4.D

解析：4.【解题思路】根据上文Start with your smallest goal and work through the steps until you achieve it. Each time you complete one of the steps, cross it off so you can celebrate the process in addition to the end result. 可知, 从最小的目标开始, 循序渐进直到你实现它。每完成一个步骤, 把它划掉, 这样除结果外, 你还可以庆祝这个过程。由此可知, 本句承接上文说明, 实现了目标之后应该想办法把目标融入生活。故选D项。

答案：5.E

解析：5.【解题思路】根据下文内容可知, 如果你的梦想是辞职去环游世界, 那就开设一个专门用于旅行的储蓄账户, 每周存一小笔钱, 持续三年。根据你设定的时间计划你的步骤, 它们将是可行的, 并会顺利地融入你的生活。由此可知, 本句是在说明为目标选定一个时间期限。故选项E“为每个目标选定一个最后期限, 无论是今后的一年还是五年”符合上下文语境, 故选E项。

Ⅲ. 读后续写

1.阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Last Saturday, David was taking a walk in the park near his home when he noticed a woman with a boy of about eight years old. When David passed them, he heard the woman yell, “How stupid you are! You’re good at nothing.”David stopped and looked at the little boy. The boy said nothing. He just stood there, looking upset.

David was reminded of his English teacher Mrs Brown in middle school. After he entered middle school, David lacked self-confidence because he was often made fun of by others. He was often told that he was good at nothing, which David believed. But one day it all changed.

One day, in an English writing class, Mrs Brown asked them to read a novel. They were asked to write a new chapter of the novel after they finished reading the book. A few days later, David handed in his story. He didn’t give it much thought. But the next day to his surprise, the comment “well done” from Mrs Brown came into view the moment he turned to the page where the story was written.

When David read that, he almost burst into tears. He never expected to be praised one day. He suddenly gained some self-confidence.

That day after he returned home, he wrote a short story and gave it to Mrs Brown the next morning. And again he was praised.

David became very interested in writing. He often wrote short stories and asked Mrs Brown to read them and corrected them for him. Mrs Brown always corrected them for him. Mrs Brown always corrected the mistakes he had made and gave him good advice on improving them. One year later, David joined the school newspaper and became an editor of it. He was no longer that boy who lacked self-confidence. He gained his confidence and was hopeful about his future.

He succeeded in entering college and kept writing. Several years after graduating from college, he had his first book published. With some more books coming out, he became famous as a writer in his country. And he owed his success to Mrs Brown’s encouragement. Without her encouragement, his life might be very different now.

  注意：续写词数应为150左右。

 Inspired by his own life story, David decided to do something for that boy.

The mother was ashamed when she heard that.

解析：深度解析

确定故事要素

解析：提取故事线索

答案：高分范文

Inspired by his own life story, David decided to do something for that boy.      He went to the woman, who immediately recognized him because she had read his books and seen his pictures. David started to chat with her. He told her that what she said to her boy was not appropriate. Then he told her about the encouragement he once got from Mrs Brown. In the end, he said, “I couldn’t have become a writer if I had believed I was good at nothing.”    ;

The mother was ashamed when she heard that.      She realized that she shouldn’t have called her son stupid, which would make him lose confidence in himself. So she said, “Thank you for your advice. I’ll never say such things to him again. Instead, I’ll find out what he’s good at and encourage him.” The woman then left with the boy. Looking at the back of the boy, David felt relieved, hoping his action could make some difference to the boy.