2021-2022学年人教版英语八年级上册阅读技巧课件

这是一份初中人教新目标 (Go for it) 版本册综合课堂教学课件ppt，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了课堂导入，学习目标，知识精讲，课堂小结，课堂作业等内容，欢迎下载使用。
这篇英语阅读理解怎么看也看不懂啊……
听说诸葛先生最近也在学习英语，何不去讨教一番？
让老夫来给你说说这阅读理解吧
影响阅读效率的不良习惯
读得非常慢，非常仔细，不相信自己能全部理解所读的东西
头随着文字符号的位置左右移动
经常回读，读过的东西又重新读一遍、甚至几遍。
读什么样体裁的文章都用一样的速度。
有很多单词不认识，或不知道它在此处的含义。
以课本上的句型以及阅读作为模板，充分积累和掌握重点句型并加以运用
拓宽学生的阅读知识层面，加强他们的词汇量，提高阅读速度
通过阅读的形式，训练自己的口语表达能力
经过前面的学习，对这些图片一定很熟悉了吧，尝试和你们的同学们一起，编对话吧
尝试对这些对话进行整理，是不是就是一篇小记叙文了呢？
阅读理解都是以句子为模板，更是以单词为基础，从而串联出来的一个个长短不一的句子，继而成为一篇文章。所以英语中常见的阅读理解都有哪些奥秘呢？一起来看看吧
体裁：多样 （多为记叙文、说明文、应用文，偶尔会有比较 难的议论文）题材：丰富 （小故事、日常生活/学习小窍门、名人轶事等）
阅读理解常见题型
一、细节理解题二、主旨大意题三、推理判断题
钥匙是打开一扇扇门的关键，而方法也是解决每一道难题的充分必要条件。那阅读理解，又有什么方法可以轻松 破解呢？
第一步：先看问题，再读原文。
先看问题，带着问题去原文里找答案，这样比较有目的性。现在问题的形式也比较灵活，有单选，有判断正误。先了解问题具体是哪种形式，在阅读原文的时候才更有针对性寻找答案
Miss White is a primary schl teacher. She teaches math. She is very respnsible (负责) and she lves all the students. Usually she 1.gets up at 6:20 in the mrning. But this mrning she gets up at 5:40, 2.because she is n duty tday. First, she gets ready fr classes at hme, and then she ges t schl at 6:50. At 7:00, she cmes back t schl. Then she 3.eats breakfast in the canteen. At 7:20, 4.she stands at the gate (大门) f schl and wait fr her students t cme back schl.
1、When des Miss White usually get up in the mrning? 2、Why des Miss White get up s early this mrning? 3、Where des she eat breakfast? 4、What des Miss White d? 5、Des she get ready fr classes this mrning?
阅读的第一步，你做到了吗？
接下来尝试在老师的帮助下翻译一下这篇文章吧
跟小伙伴们一起试一试复述这篇文章吧
第二步：通读全文，抓住重点信息
在阅读原文的时候一定不要一句一句的看，一句一句的理解， 如果遇上生词，先不要管它，略过生词，继续通读全文。读完一遍能够大概明白文章
（1）讲了一件什么事（2）注意抓住重点（3）出现了哪些人物（4）提到了什么时间（5）说到了哪个地点（6）发生了什么事情（7）有哪些关键词
I like my village .There are many muntains near my village. There is a river in frnt f my village. The village is very beautiful in spring. The muntains cme green. There are many trees and flwers. The flwers are clurful .There are many ducks in the clean river. Many fish swim happily in the river. But I like summer. It’s nt ht. It’s very cl .D yu like my village? Welcme t my village.
根据上文，判断正误，正确的用“T”，错误的用“F”表示。 ( ) 1. There are many huses n the muntain. ( ) 2. The summer is clrful. ( ) 3. It’s nt ht in summer. ( ) 4. There are many fish in the river. ( ) 5. Many ducks are in river in spring.
Keys: F/ F/ T/ T/ T
第三步：遇到生词，大胆猜词，掌握大概的意思（句子、段落）
在阅读理解题中，有些句子中的单词（生词）不知道是什么意思，我们可以通过猜测单词的意思对通篇文章进行理解，猜测单词的方法有：
（1）根据上下文的意思进行猜测（2）根据单词的构成进行猜测。（3）根据在句子中的位置给单词归类、分类 进行猜测（4）判断其是名词、动词、形容词、副词或其他词类。
It’s Sunday tday. It’s warm. The sky is blue! What a lvely day ! S my classmates and I have a picnic . We are having a gd time ! Lk ! Wu Li and Liu Ping are catching butterflies . The butterflies are very beautiful .Wang Lei is cllecting leaves.
Oh, where is Wang Ying ? She is in the wds .She is picking up leaves .She likes cllecting leaves , t . What am I ding ? HaHa ! I am taking pictures fr my classmates . The pictures are very beautiful . We are very happy! I like having a picnic .
in the wds: 在树林里pick up: 摘，采摘take picture: 拍照
（　）1. It’ s very cld tday .（　）2.Wang Ying is in the classrm （　）3. Wang Ta and Liu Hua are playing chess （　）4. Wu Lei is cunting insects （　）5. Wu Lei and Wang Ying like cllecting leaves
Read and write “T” r “F”（阅读短文，判断正“T” 、误“F”）
Keys: F/ F/ F/ F/ T
第四步：推论出文中隐含意思
作者往往不直接说出文章的意思，而是含蓄地表达 1、结合作者的思想、观点及其创作目的、创作背景进行推论。 2、寻找作者直接陈述的诸多事件之间的联系。 3、仔细体会一些重要词的含蓄意义及其感情色彩。
4、从作者的语气、语调、措辞等文体特征，读出作者的“言外之意”。5、得出推论后，尽量从上下文中寻找证据。6、充分利用自己已知的单词和各方面的知识，把文章中所述的事件和自己的阅历或熟悉的事情联系起来思考。
Sun: Hell, I’m the sun. I’m strng. I give light t the earth. I’m : Hell, I’m the mn. At night Give light t the earth. I’m strnger. I’m N.1Sun: Yur light is frm me, isn’t it?Clud: Dn’t quarrel. When I am ver the earth, yu can’t give light t the earth. S everyne has his strng pint. We are ne family.Sun Mn: Yes, yu’re right. We are ne family. We shuld help each ther and take care f each ther.
根据短文内容判断正(T)误(F)( )1. The sun gives light t the earth at night.( )2.The mn gives light t the earth at night.( )3. The sun's light is nt frm the earth.( )4. When the clud is ver the earth, the sun can give light t the earth, t.( )5. They shuld help each ther.
Keys: F/ T/ F/ F/T
第五步： 反复阅读，仔细查找答案，深刻理解
读3-4遍，这样对理解全文是非常有帮助的。 （1）第一次阅读——快速阅读，初步把握内容，了解大意，把那些能够直接找出答案的题做出来 （2）第二遍阅读——细读，就要明白原文具体说了一件什么事情，抓住主要内容和细节，标出关键词语，也可以先浏览题目和答案，明确要求后再看文章，然后选择答案 。
（3）第三遍阅读，猜不知道意思的单词、不理解的句子、勾画重点单词（4）第四遍通读全文，对所做出的答案再确认一遍（检查是否对错？）。
My name is Amy. I'm frm Canada. I usually get up at 6:30, and I ften g hiking n the weekend. I like spring best. It's windy and warm. And I like winter, t. Because my birthday is in December, and I can play with snw.
Tday my parents are ging shpping. My brther is swinging in the garden. I'm watching TV. D yu want t be my friend? My QQ is 408981124, and my telephne number is 6678115.
1. Amy ften ges hiking______. A. n Sunday        B. in spring        C. n the weekend. 2. Which is Amy's favurite seasn? 3. ----Why des Amy like winter? 4. Is Amy's brther ging shpping?  5. What's Amy's telephne number?
Keys: C/ Spring and winter/ Because her birthday is in December, and I can play with snw/ 6678115
The award is fr sme excellent actrs and films. Peple ften call it “Oscar” . This is a nickname given t the awards by a lady called Margaret. She was the directr and she said the little gld statue reminded her f her uncle Oscar!
What des the underline wrd“ nickname” mean in the passage?A.尼克的名字 B.闻名 C. 昵称 D .学名
上面的解题技巧你们都弄懂了吗？还有不理解的赶紧和小伙伴么一起讨论起来吧
阅读下列短文，并根据短文内容判断所给句子是否正确，正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”。　　Mrs. White has tw children. Jhn is seven. Ann is nly three. Jhn is a gd brther. He is always very nice t his sister. One day in the afternn, Mrs. White was cking dinner in the kitchen, and the tw children were playing games in the garden. 　　
Suddenly, Ann began t cry and she ran t her mum in the kitchen. Mrs. White asked, “What’s wrng with yu, Ann?” “Jhn brke(弄坏了)my ty bear, ” Ann answered sadly. “Hw did he d it? ” mum said. Ann stpped crying, and thught fr a few secnds, “I hit(打)his head with it.”　　
　　判断正误,正确写“T”，错误写“F” ：　　( ) 1. Jhn isn’t a gd brther t his sister.　　( ) 2. Ann is fur years yunger than Jhn.　　( ) 3. The tw children played sme games, and their mther was busy at hme.　　( ) 4.Jhn brke Ann’s ty bear.　　( ) 5.“sadly” means very happy.
Keys: F/ t/ T/ F/ F
阅读理解，不能为枝节信息所左右，要看主要信息。以第1小题为例，尽管短文后说到了“Jhn brke my ty bear.”，但是短文中的关键词是“always”，即“He is always very nice t his sister.”，更不用说是Ann 先打了Jhn 的头。因此，答案一定是F。
　　 阅读理解题中，有不少题只要通过正确的运算，就能得出正确答案。以第2 小题为例，短文告诉我们“Jhn is seven. Ann is nly three.”，因此，Jhn 就比Ann 大4 岁，显然题目“Ann is fur years yunger than Jhn.”与事实正好相符，答案自然是T。
　　 阅读理解题中，有些题目似是而非，关键看我们怎么根据事实进行分析。以第3 小题为例，“and the tw children were playing games in the garden” 支持题目中的“The tw children played sme games”。问题的关键是，Jhn 和Ann 的母亲是否是“busy”。短文中“Mrs. White was cking dinner in the kitchen”这句话总不能说Mrs. White 是在玩吧? 因此，通过逆向思维，我们可以判断Mrs. White 是busy 的。答案就不言自明了。
阅读理解题中，有些题目其实一目了然就可以知道正确还是错误，但是为了进一步确认，好回到原文中去，找到相应的句子验证一下，那么答案自然就明了了。例如第四小题“Jhn brke Ann’s ty bear.”其实通过阅读短文我们是可以知道这句话的描述是与短文内容相符的，但是为了进一步确认我们回到原文中找到短文的第5行的后半句“Jhn brke(弄坏了)my ty bear, ” Ann answered sadly.这句话的表达正好与我们所要判断的题目说法一致，因此第四题答案是“T”
　　 阅读理解题中，有些题目很难一眼看出正确答案，尤其是类似任务型阅读的题目，第5 小题便是如此。如何判断“sadly”的语义，关键要看我们能否根据语境进行逻辑推理。一个小女孩的玩具被他人搞坏了，她总不能开心吧?因此，“Ann answered sadly.”中的“sadly”一词的意思不可能是“开心的”，答案应为F。当然，小学英语阅读理解的解题技巧远不止如此。
My friend Peter was kind and lvely. But as a student, he was bad at math, English and science because he didn't have an aptitude(资质)fr that kind f study.One day we were playing ftball and the bail gt stuck in a tree. Peter climbed the tree t get it, and ne f the teachers, Jhn Marstn 9 wh was lking ut f the windw, nticed that he was a talented climber. Mr. Marstn was an expert (专家)in climbing. He had climbed many muntains.
One weekend Mr. Marstn invited Peter t climb Munt Kilimanjar. Peter really enjyed the climbing. Mr. Marstn tld Peter he was a very talented climber fr his age. Peter left schl three years later with n qualificatins (毕业证)，but he kept climbing regularly until he became very gd at it.
In his early twenties, he became a prfessinal climber. He said, “ I'll always remember Mr. Marstn because he shwed me I had an ability which n ne else, including me, knew abut."
1. Which subject was Peter nt gd at? ______________________________2. When did Peter and Mr. Marstn climb Munt Kilimanjar? ______________________________3. Hw did Peter feel abut the climbing? _______________________________4. What did Mr. Marstn say abut Peter? _______________________________5. Did Peter knw he had an ability t climb at first?                                             
1.math, English and science2. One weekend3. Peter really enjyed the climbing4. Mr. Marstn tld Peter he was a very talented climber fr his age5. N
  　　When peple meet each ther fr the first time in Britain, they say “Hw d yu d?” and shake hands(握手). Usually they d nt shake hands when they just meet r say gdbye. But they shake hands after they haven’t met fr a lng time r when they will be away frm each ther fr a lng time.
　Last year a grup f German students went t England fr a hliday. Their teacher tld them that the English peple hardly shake hands. S when they met their English friends at the statin, they kept their hands behind their backs. The English students had learned that the Germans shake hands as ften as pssible, s they put their hands in frnt and gt ready t shake hands with them. It made bth f them laugh.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案，将其标号填入题前括号内。 （1）It is　　　　 if yu knw the language and sme f the custms f the cuntry. 　　　 A. nt useful       B. nt helpful　　 C. very helpful　　    D. very bad（2）English peple usually shake hands when they　　　　 . 　　　 A. meet every time　　　　　 B. meet fr the first time　  　  C. say gdbye t each ther　　　 D. say hell t each ther
（3）Usually English peple dn’t shake hands　　　　 . 　　　 A.when they will be away fr a lng time　 B.when they say“Hw d yu d?” 　　　 C.when they just meet r say gdbye　  D.after they haven’t met fr a lng time（4）Which is right?  　　　 A.German peple shake hands as ften as pssible. 　　　 B.English peple like shaking hands very much. 　　　 C.German peple hardly shake hands. 　　　 D.Neither English peple nr Germans like shaking hands.
（5）This stry is abut 　　　　 　　　 A. shaking hands　　       B. languages 　　　 C. custms　 　　　　    D. languages and custms
Keys: C/B/C/A/C
Lk at the clthes line in the twins' bedrm. There are sme clthes n it. Yu can see a green bluse and a yellw skirt. The trusers n the clthes line are black. They are nt new but clean. Are they Lily's clthes? N. I knw they are Lucy's.
Lily's clthes are n a clthes tree near the windw. Her trusers are brwn, her bluse is white and her skirt is blue. There is a new hat n the clthes tree, but it's nt Lily's, it's Lucy's. There is an ld hat n Lucy's bed in the rm, it's Lily's. There are n clthes n the ther bed, the bed is Lily's.
1. What can yu see in the bedrm? I can see __________. 　　 A. a clthes line　　　  B. a tree　　　 C. a bed2. What clur are Lucy's trusers? They are ________. 　　 A. green　　 　B. black　　 C. brwn3. Where is Lucy's hat? It's n _________. 　　 A. the clthes tree　　 B. the clthes line C. lily's bed
4. Hw many beds are there in the rm? ________. 　　 A. nly ne　　　B. three　　　　　 C. tw5. Are there any things n Lily's bed? ________. 　　 A. Yes, there is a hat n it 　　 B. N, there is nt anything n it 　　 C. Srry, I dn't knw
　判断正误。正确的写(T), 错误的写 (F). 　　Rick: Ww! Bill! This music stre is really big! 　　Bill: Yeah, it is. Well, I want t g t the pp sectin. Yu Quan (羽泉) has a new CD and I want t buy it. 　　Rick: Oh. Is that yur favrite pp grup? 　　Bill: Yes. They are really cl. S, what's yur favrite kind f music, Rick? 　　Rick: I als like pp and my favrite grup is F4, they are fantastic!
Bill: What abut classical music? D yu like classical music? Rick: I lve classical. D yu knw Y-Y Ma? He is my favrite musician. He is amazing. Bill: Srry, I really dn't like classical, but I think Y-Y Ma is great. S, where are the classical CDs? Rick: Fllw these directins, g upstairs and turn left. They are behind dance music. Bill: What abut pp CDs? Rick: They are n the first flr. Bill: Ok, see yu later.
 6. Bill's favrite music is dance. 7. Bill's favrite grup is Yu Quan. 8. Rick's favrite music is classical. 9. The classical CDs are n the first flr. 10. Rick likes classical music but he desn't like pp. 11. Bill wants t buy a new CD f F4.
Lk at the picture. It's a small rm. We can see Betty in it. There is a bed and a desk in her rm. What's n the wall? It's a map f England. We can see a pht (照片) near the map. It's Betty's pht. We can see a clck n the table. There are sme flwers near it. Is her black cat n the bed? N, it's her hat. Where's her bag? It's n the bed, t.
12. Whse (谁的) rm is it?13. Is the rm big r small?14. What's n the wall?15. Where are the flwers?16. What clur is Betty's hat?
Mr. Smith is ur Chinese teacher. He always asks the same student t answer his questins because he desn't lk at the students at all. Yesterday he questined Dick three times. Dick was very angry. After class Dick asked me, "What shall I d?" I tld him a gd idea. Nw we are having a Chinese class. Mr. Smith wants ne f us t read the text. "Dick, please read the text." "Dick isn't here tday." Dick stands up and says. "Oh, I see. yu read it, please."
17. Mr. Smith teaches us ___. 　　 A. English　　 B. Maths 　　 C. Physics　　  D. Chinese18. He always asks the same student t ___. 　　 A. translate the text　　  B. read the text 　　 C. tell a stry          　　  D. answer his questins19. Yesterday he questined Dick ___.  　　 A. nce                B. twice 　 C. three times             D. fur times
20. ___ tld Dick a gd idea.  　　 A. Tim　　        B. Mr. Smith　　  C. The writer　　       D. "I"21. Is the idea really gd?___.  　　 A. yes, it is　　   B. N, it isn't　　 C. Yes, it des　　   D. N, it desn't
一、Keys: 1~5 A/ B/A/C/B
四、Keys: 17~21 D/D/C/D/B
三、Keys: 12. It's Betty's. 13. It's small. 14. There is a map f England and a pht. 15. They're n the table. 16. It's black.
二、Keys: 6~11 F/T /T/F/F/F